Medicine in a Multicultural Society Flashcards
What are some different examples of diversity?
Sexual orientation
Age
Mental/physical abilities
Ethnicity
Gender
Race
What are examples of different religions?
Buddhist
Catholic
Church of God
Jewish
Muslim
What are examples of different languages?
English
Spanish
Italian
French
German
Hebrew
What are examples of different cultures?
Asian
African
White/Caucasian
What is culture?
Learned and shared values of a particular group that guides thinking, actions, behaviours and emotional reactions to daily living
How does culture relate to health?
Central to the delivery of healthcare, influencing patients beliefs and how information is recieved
What are the 3 main areas of how culture impacts health?
Misunderstandings in diagnosis or in treatment planning
Poor patient adherence with treatments and poor outcomes
Healthcare disparities
What are examples of healthcare disparites for disease outcome?
Death rates from lung cancer are higher in black men than in white
Ethnic minority women with breast cancer have poorer survival rates than white women
Racial disparities in the utilisation of total joint knee replacement for knee osteoarthritis not explained by prevalence
What are examples of healthcare disparities for disease prevalence?
Rates of diabetes over 5x higher among Pakistani and Bangladeshi women than in general population
All male minority groups (except Chinese) higher rate of heart attacks
Black Caribbean men higher rates of stroke
What do cultural competencies acknowledge?
People develop an automatic depth of understanding the subject positions and cultures into which they are born
Achieving something like that depth of understanding for other subject positions and cultures is very difficult if not impossible
What is the process of gaining depth of understanding of subject positions and cultures other than your own?
Gaining various degrees of cultural competency
What does acquiring cultural competency require?
Be sensitive to language barriers
Consider body language
Consider other things such as gender, wealth, disability, sexual orientation
Consider religious factors
What kind of beliefs do religous factors impact?
Birth, death
Certain treatments
Prayer, medication and worship
Food preparation
What is the impact of cultural competency?
More successful patient education
More appropriate testing and screening
Fewer diagnostic errors
Avoidance of drug complications
Greater adgerence to medical advice
What is the LEARN model?
1) Listen to the patients perception of the problem
2) Explain your perception of the problem
3) Acknowledge and discuss differences/similarities
4) Recommend treatment
5) Negotiate treatment
