Long term conditions Flashcards
What is patient centred. care?
Placing the patient at the centre of their care
We treaty patients not disease or symptoms
What are long term conditions?
Conditions for which there are no cure and which are managed by drugs and other treatments
Multiple body parts including mental health affected
Twice as likely to suffer LTC if living in a deprived Vs affluent area
What is incidence?
Number of new cases in a specific time period
What is prevalence?
Total number of people in a population with a condition either at a single point in time or over a given time period
Aetiology of long term conditions
Complex and multifactorial
Genetoc factors
Environmental factors
What is the aim of treating long term conditions?
To improve morbidity and mortality
Acceptance of lack of cure can be challenging for both patient and doctor
What are the consequences of long term coniditons?
Biographical distribution
Stigma of long term conditions
Burden of treatent
Disability
What is biographical disruption?
Significant and life changing event that alters life plans and direction
Applied to diagnosis of long term conditions
Presents a challenge to self identity and re-negotiation of relationships
What do the burden of treatment include?
Monitor and self managing symptoms
Complex treatments/multiple medications, managing polypharmacy
Changing behaviours or helping to modify the behaviours of others
Engaging with health and social care services
What does burden of treatment arise from?
Workload of healthcare
Endurance of deficiencies in healthcare
What are the 6 key factors that influence ability to tolerate burden of treatment?
Personal attributes and skills
Physical and cognitive abilities
Support network
Financial status
Life workload
Environment
What is the sick role?
Social model of health – our health is not only determined by our illness but by our own reactions and those of society.
What are the patients rights?
Temporary exemption from normal social roles.
Not to be blamed for their illness and to be cared for until well
What are the patients obligations?
To see illness as undesirable and to get well as quickly as possible.
To seek and co-operate with help, when required.
What are the doctors rights?
Status and reward due to functional importance of role
Autonomy in practice
Position of authority in relation to the patient
The right to question and examine the patient
What are the patients obligations?
To be highly trained (skilled and knowledgeable)
To be motivated by concern for the patient and community
To be objective and emotionally detached
To be bound by rules of professional conduct
What is disability?
An umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions. It is the interaction between individuals with a health condition and personal and environmental factors.
What is the medical model of disability?
Disability is a feature of the person, directly caused by the disease, trauma or other health condition, which requires medical care provided in the form of individual treatment by professionals. Disability calls for medical or other treatment or intervention to ‘correct’ the problem with the individual.
What is the social model of disability?
Disability is a socially created problem and not at all an attribute of an individual. In this model, disability demands a political response, since the problem is created by an unaccommodating physical environment brought about by attitudes and other features of the social environment.
What are body functions?
Physiological functions of body systems
What are body structures?
Anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs and their components
What are impairments?
Problems in body function or structure such as a significant deviation or loss
What is activity?
Execution of a task or action by an individual
What is activity limitations?
Difficulties an individual may have in executing activities.
