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nsg106 > medication administarion power point > Flashcards

medication administarion power point Flashcards

1
Q

a drug is

A

any substance that alters physiologic function

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2
Q

A medication is a

A

drug specifically administered for its therapeutic effect on physiologic function

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3
Q

The official name of medication is called

A

generic name

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4
Q

The name the manufacturer gives to the drug it makes is the

A

trade name

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5
Q

Examples of generic name and trade name:

A

generic: name ibuprofen trade name: Motrin, Advil, Nuprin

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6
Q

Controlled Substances Act (CSA)established five categories of scheduled drugs

A

schedule I
schedule II
schedule III
schedule IV
schedule V
schedule VI

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7
Q

schedule I has

A

no current legal medical use/ high risk for abuse

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8
Q

schedule II

A

restricted but legal medical use/ high risk for abuse

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9
Q

schedule III, schedule IV, and schedule V

A

accepted legal medical use/ low risk for abuse

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10
Q

schedule VI

A

over the counter availability legal without prescription

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11
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

how a medication enters thebody, moves through the body, and leaves the body

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12
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

process in which a medication interacts with the body’s cells to produce a response

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13
Q

Absorption

A

passage of a drug from the administration site into the bloodstream

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14
Q

Distribution

A

: process of delivering the medication to tissues and organs > to the specificsite of action

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15
Q

Metabolism

A

process by which a drug is altered to a less active form to prepare for excretion

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16
Q

Excretion

A

removes the less active drug or its metabolites (usually through kidneys)

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17
Q

Half-life

A

expected time it takes for theblood concentration to measure one-half ofthe original drug dose

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18
Q

Onset

A

the time the body takes to respondto a drug after administration

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19
Q

Peak

A

the highest serum (blood)concentration

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20
Q

Trough

A

the lowest serum (blood) level ofthe medication

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21
Q

Side effects

A

predicted but unwanted (although sometimes unavoidable) reactions to medications

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22
Q

Adverse effects

A

severe, unintended, unwanted, and unpredictable drug reactions

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23
Q

Toxic effects

A

result from a medication overdose or buildup of medication in the blood

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24
Q

Allergic reactions

A

unpredictable immune responses to medication

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25
Q

Anaphylactic reaction

A

severe allergic reaction, requires emergency response

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26
Q

Medication interactions

A

occur when the drug action is modified by the presence of acertain food, herb, or other medication

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27
Q

Synergistic effect

A

the combined effect is GREATER due to the interaction

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28
Q

Antagonistic effect

A

the effect is LESSER due to the interaction

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29
Q

DIVERSITY CONSIDERATIONS

A

Life Span
Gender
Culture, Ethnicity, and Religion

30
Q

Gender differences include

A

Differences in body weight, plasma volume, cardiac output, and hormones have an impact on drug metabolism and clearance

31
Q

cultural ethnicity and religion differences include

A

Genetic factors can affect drug metabolism and influence therapeutic effect

Research suggests that medication adherence is lower among those in lower socioeconomic status and minorities

Some cultures discourage medications in place of natural remedies

32
Q

MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION RECORD (MAR)

A

Includes the patient’s name, the full name of the medication, administration time, dose, route, frequency, and site (for parental medications)

Shows the record of administration for each drug, including all the above information plus who administered

Before a nurse gives a medication, they should know WHY that medication is being administered

33
Q

SAFETY BEFORE GIVING MEDICATIONS

A
  • Verify order
  • Wash hands
  • Gather equipment
  • Identify client with armband AND by asking the patient their name and DOB
  • Explain procedure
  • Elevate bed to working level
34
Q

THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT EACH MEDICATION

A
  • Name
  • Class
  • Action
  • Dose
  • Expected effect
  • Side effects
35
Q

ROUTES OF MEDICATIONS

A

Enteral
Topical
Inhalation
Parental

36
Q

Enteral route of medication

A

Oral: by mouth
Buccal: against the cheek
Sublingual: under the tongue

37
Q

Topical route of medication

A

skin or mucous membranes

38
Q

Inhalation route of medication

A

breathed into lungs

39
Q

Parental route of medication

A

administered directly into vein or tissue

40
Q

oral medication abbreviation

A

po

41
Q

oral medication have

A

Slower onset of action than parental medications

42
Q

in oral medication, the nurse is responsible to ensure all medications are

A

swallowed

43
Q

Sublingual/buccal oral routes are used for absorbing

A

small amounts of medication through the oral mucosa

44
Q

topical medications are applied to

A

specific skin surface or mucous membrane

45
Q

topical medications include liquids, ____, ____, ____, ____

A

Liquids, ointments, eye-drops, ear drops, throat spray

46
Q

when giving topical medications you have to

A

wear gloves

47
Q

parental medications are administered by injection to

A

injection into tissue, muscle, or a vein

48
Q

Intradermal injection is

A

shallow injection into the dermal layer

49
Q

Subcutaneous injection is

A

injection into the subcutaneous tissue just below the skin

50
Q

Intramuscular (IM) injection is

A

injection into a muscle

51
Q

Intravenous (IV) injection is

A

injection or infusion directly into the bloodstream via a vein

52
Q

The nurse is ACCOUNTABLE and RESPONSIBLE for _____ administration of medications

A

safe

53
Q

The nurse should follow only ____ orders

A

written

54
Q

when is it ok for the nurse to follow nonwritten orders

A

emergent situation, where verbal orders may be used

55
Q

The nurse uses clinical judgment to evaluate whether the medication

A

amount prescribed, and route are safe for the patient

56
Q

The nurse must understand the ______, _____ _____, ______, and ____ _____ of the medication they are giving.

A

purpose, typical dosage, route and side effect

57
Q

ALWAYS PERFORM _____ MEDICATION CHECKS AND CHECK _____ _____ EACH TIME

A

three, all rights

58
Q

THREE CHECKS OF MEDICATION SAFETY ARE

A
  1. When you RETRIEVE the drug from the PYXIS, compare the medication to the MAR
  2. As you PREPARE each drug, compare the medication label to the MAR

3.When you are at the patient’s BEDSIDE, compare the medication to the MAR

59
Q

SIX RIGHTS OF MEDICATION SAFETY

A

PATIENT
DRUG
DOSE
ROUTE
TIME
DOCUMENTAION

60
Q

RIGHT OF MEDICATION SAFETY: PATIENT

A

Two forms of identification (armband and patient identifying self or picture of patient)

61
Q

RIGHT OF MEDICATION SAFETY: TIME

A

Know the policy for when you can give a medication
(many facilities it is up 1 hour before to 1 hour after)

62
Q

RIGHT OF MEDICATION SAFETY: DRUG

A

Know policy on substituting generics

If patient questions drug, answer questions or hold if appropriate

63
Q

RIGHT OF MEDICATION SAFETY: DOSE

A

Ensure you do not need to split pills or get two pills, etc.

64
Q

RIGHT OF MEDICATION SAFETY: ROUTE

A

Cannot administer medications how they are not meant to be administered; must have order from provider to change route

65
Q

RIGHT OF MEDICATION SAFETY: DOCUMENTATION

A

All other rights must be documented each time
Don’t document until the medication is taken by the patient

66
Q

patient have the right to

A

The right to be informed of the name, purpose, and potential side effects of medications

refuse the medication

The right to have an accurate medication history taken by a qualified person

The right to receive medications in accordance with the Six Rights of medication administration

67
Q

ASSESSMENT include

A

Drug history and current use
Medical history
Medication schedule
Medication response
Medication adherence
Medication safety

68
Q

if medication error occurs you should check

A

Drug history and current use
* Medical history
* Medication schedule
* Medication response
* Medication adherence
* Medication safety

69
Q

NURSING IMPLICATIONS are

A

Actions nurses must take related to a medication’s effects and side effects* Ex: if you are giving a medication to lower blood pressure, what kind of nursing implications would you have?

70
Q

safe practises before administering medication

A

Check patient allergies BEFORE administering medication

Medications that CANNOT BE CRUSHED: enteric-coated, time-release, sublingual, buccal,and other medications with special coatings

Get questions answered BEFORE administering medication

When using metric doses, always place a zero in front of the decimal and make sure thereare never trailing zeros

nsg106 (17 decks)

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