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Myco Viro > Medically Important Yeasts > Flashcards

Medically Important Yeasts Flashcards

1
Q

o Spherical to elongate yeast-like cells or blastoconidia that reproduce by budding
o Colony pigmentation is usually absent
o Pseudohyphae (and occasionally true hyphae) may be present

A

Candida spp

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2
Q

o A primary or secondary mycotic infection caused by members of the genus Candida.
o Involvement may be localized to the mouth, throat, skin, scalp, vagina, fingers, nails, bronchi, lungs, or the gastrointestinal tract, or become systemic as in septicaemia, endocarditis and meningitis.

A

Candidiasis

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3
Q

Common Candida spp. Isolated from Clinical Specimens

A

C. albicans
⮚ C. parapsilosis
⮚ C. tropicalis
⮚ C. guilliermondii (Meyerozyma guillermondii) ⮚ C. pseudotropicalis
⮚ C. krusei (Pichia kudriavzevii)
⮚ C. glabrata

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4
Q

Other Candida sp.

A

C. dubliniensis
⮚ C. lusitaniae (Clavispora lusitaniae)
⮚ C. kefyr (Kluyveromyces marxianus)
⮚ C. lipolytica (Yarrowia lipolytica)

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5
Q

Commensal of mucous membrane and GI tract.

A

Candida albicans

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6
Q

Microscopic morphology of C. albicans

A

Roundtoellipsoidalcells

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7
Q

Candida albicans, germ tube negative or positive?

A

Positive

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8
Q

o Germ tube positive
o Grows on media with cycloheximide
o Light green or bluish green on CHROMAgar

A

Candida albicans

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9
Q

Color of Candida albicans on Chromagar

A

Light green or bluish green

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10
Q

Dalmau Plate Morphology of Candida albicans

A

Presence of 1 -2 chlamydospore

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11
Q

o Occasional cause of candidemia and mucosal infection

A

Candida dubliniensis

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12
Q

Candida dubliniensis is Resistant to

A

fluconazole

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13
Q

Microscopic morphology of Candida dubliniensis

A

o Round to ellipsoidal cells

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14
Q

o Germ tube positive
o Grows on media with
cycloheximide
o Dark green color on CHROMAgar

A

Candida dubliniensis

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15
Q

Color of Candida dubliniensis on Chromagar

A

Dark green color

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16
Q

Dalmau Plate Morphology of Candida dubliniensis

A

Multiple in cluster chlamydospores

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17
Q

Major cause of septicemia and disseminated candidiasis.

A

Candida tropicalis

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18
Q

o Germ tube negative
o Grows on media with cycloheximide o Grows at 40 C
o Produces blue color on CHROMAgar

A

Candida tropicalis

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19
Q

Color of Candida tropicalis on chromagar

A

Blue

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20
Q

Dalmau Plate Morphology of Candida tropicalis

A

Presence of blastoconidia in single or double

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21
Q

Also known as Issatchenkia orientalis or Pichia kudriavzevii

A

Candida krusei

22
Q

Candida krusei Intrinsic resistance to

A

fluconazole

23
Q

Color of Candida krusei on CHROMAgar

A

Color pink

24
Q

Dalmau Plate Morphology of Candida krusei

A

Abundant long wavy, cross matchstick appearance

25
Q

o Recently now known as Nakaseomyces glabrata
o Causes urinary tract and blood infections

A

Candida glabrata

26
Q

Candida glabrata Emerging resistance to

A

amphotericin B and fluconazole

27
Q

Color of Candida glabrata on chromagar

A

Variable pigment

28
Q

Dalmau Plate Morphology of Candida glabrata

A

No pseudohyphae, budding yeast only

29
Q

Dalmau Plate Morphology of Candida parapsilosis

A

Abundant match-branch deer antler appearance

30
Q

Formerly known as C. pseudotropicalis. Revised name is Kluyveromyces marxianus

A

Candida kefyr

31
Q

Dalmau Plate Morphology of Candida kefyr

A

Logs in the side

32
Q

Now known as Clavispora lusitaniae Candida lusitaniae

A

Candida lusitaniae

33
Q

Candida lusitaniae
o Dalmau Plate Morphology:

A

Slender branch pseudohyphae or bushy short chain of blastoconidia

34
Q

Now named as Yarrowia lipolytica

A

Candida lipolytica

35
Q

Urease positive

A

Candida lipolytica

36
Q

Candida lipolytica Macroscopic morphology

A

Lacy colonies that grow rapidly at 25C

37
Q

Candda lipolytica dalmau plate method

A

No blastoconidia long pseudohyphae

38
Q

o Revised nameis Meyerozyma guilliermondii
o Commonly seen on cutaneous infections.

A

Candida guilliermondiii

39
Q

Candida guilliermondiii Macroscopic morphology

A

Forms cream-colored colonies at 25C

40
Q

is an emerging multidrug-resistant yeast that causes invasive infections that was first described in 2009 in Japan and has since been reported from several countries (Lockhart et al. CID 2017; 64:134-140).

A

Candida auris

41
Q

is an emerging multidrug-resistant yeast that causes invasive infections that was first described in 2009 in Japan and has since been reported from several countries (Lockhart et al. CID 2017; 64:134-140).

A

Candida auris

42
Q

How to identify C. auris ?

A

• MALDI-TOF
Bruker type
FDA-approved CA system database and VITEK (MALDI- TOF) MS RUO (with Saramis Ver 4.14 database and Saccharomycetaceae update).
• Molecular methods

43
Q

Fungal infection of the hair shaft with white, yellowish, beige or green nodules

A

WHITE PIEDRA

44
Q

WHITE PIEDRA Etiologic agent

A

Trichosporon spp.

45
Q

Clinically significant Trichosporon spp

A

⮚ Trichosporon asahii
⮚ Trichosporon mucoides
⮚ Trichosporon inkin
⮚ Trichosporon cutaneum
⮚ Trichosporon ovoides
⮚ Trichosporon asteroides

46
Q

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS Trichosporon spp.

A

-Direct Microscopy
KOH
Arthrospores
-Primary isolation medium
Sabouraud’s dextrose agar
White or yellowish to deep cream colored

47
Q

Barrel shape arthroconidia

A

Trichosporon spp

48
Q

⮚ India ink (+)
⮚ Urease (+)
⮚ Canavanine Glycine Bromthymol Blue (CGB) Agar (-)

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

49
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans Resistant to

A

echinocandins

50
Q

⮚ India ink (+)
⮚ Urease (+)
⮚ Canavanine Glycine Bromthymol Blue (CGB) Agar (+)
⮚ Resistant to echinocandins

A

Cryptococcus gattii

51
Q

⮚ R. mucilaginosa and R. glutinis
⮚ coral red to salmon on SDA
⮚ Urease (+)
⮚ Resistant to echinocandins and fluconazole

A

Rhodotorula spp.

52
Q

Look identical to candida used for fermentation yeast used or probiotics

A

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Myco Viro (11 decks)

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