7.1 Flashcards
study of fungi, including their taxonomy, environmental impact, and genetic and biochemical properties
MYCOLOGY
science devoted to the study of fungi and their relationship to human disease
MEDICAL MYCOLOGY
Fungal agents include:
TRUE PATHOGENS OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENS
fungi whose cell wall contain MELANIN, which imparts brown to black pigment
DEMATIACEOUS FUNGI
Fungi that have two growth firms, such as molds and yeast which develop under different growth conditions
DIMORPHIC FUNGI
fungi that lack sexual reproduction; they are represented only by and ANAMORPH, mitotic or asexual reproductive state
IMPERFECT FUNGI
fungi that are capable of fungal reproduction = TELEOMORPH
PERFECT FUNGI
fungi that are capable of fungal reproduction = TELEOMORPH
PERFECT FUNGI
have more than one independent form or spore stage in their life cycle
POLYMORPHIC FUNGI
hyphal or mycelial colony of growth
MOLD
unicellular, spherical to ellipsoid (3-5um) fungal cells; reproduce by budding
YEAST
Humans are relatively resistant to infections caused by fungi
except for
DIMORPHIC FUNGI
Major Predisposing Factors:
immunocompromised host
Humans acquire mycoses through:
Inhalation of spores
Direct contact with spores Inoculation by trauma into the skin
have true nuclei and are heterotrophic members of the plant family
THALLOPHYTES
few divide by
BINARY FISSION but most reproduce asexually by BUDDING
THERMALLY DIMORPHIC FUNGI
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Coccidioides immitis
Sporothrix schenckii
Penicillium marneffei
Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum
other term for aseptate
Coencytic hypha
Example of ANTLER HYPHAE
Trichophyton shoenleinii
RACQUET HYPHAE example
Epidermophytoc floccosum
SPIRAL HYPHAE
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
aka MONILIACEOUS
HYALINE HYPHAE
aka DEMATIACEOUS darkly pigmented because of melanin in the cell wall
PHAEOID hyphae
used to determine hyphal pigmentation in tissue stains melanin
Phaeoid hyphae: brown
Hyaline hyphae: pink to red
Masson-Fontana Stain
mass of intertwining structure composed of hyphae accumulates during active growth
MYCELIUM
grows in or on a substrate and absorbs water and nutrients anchor the colony
VEGETATIVE PORTION OR THALLUS
contains fruiting bodies that produce the conidia and spores extends above the agar surface
REPRODUCTIVE PORTION OR AERIAL
requires formation of special structures so that fertilization or nuclear fission
can occur
PERFECT FUNGI = TELEOMORPH
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
PERFECT FUNGI = TELEOMORPH
do not exhibit a sexual phase
Meiosis Merging of the cells Nuclear fusion
IMPERFECT FUNGI or FUNGI IMPERFECTI = ANAMORPH
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
IMPERFECT FUNGI or FUNGI IMPERFECTI = ANAMORPH
SEXUAL SPORES
ASCOSPORES
BASIDIOSPORES
ZYGOSPORES
OOSPORES
contained in a saclike structure called ASCUS
ASCOSPORES
contained in a club-shaped BASIDIUM
BASIDIOSPORES
rough-walled spores produced by the fusion of two identical cells arising from the same hypha
ZYGOSPORES
formed by heterogenous fetilization
OOSPORES
ASEXUAL SPORES
ARTHROCONIDIA
BLASTOCONIDIA
CHLAMYDOCONIDIA
SPORANGIOSPORES
small, unicellular with a round, elliptical, or pyriform shape
Sessile Microconidia
Pednculate Microconidia
MICROCONIDIA
large, usually multiseptate, and club oval or spindle shaped
MACROCONIDIA
