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Myco Viro > 10 > Flashcards

10 Flashcards

1
Q

Diseases cause by fungi

A

Mycoses

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2
Q

SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES
Characteristics

A

Lacks immune response from host
• No living tissue invaded • asymptomatic

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3
Q

SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES

A

These are cosmetic fungal infections of the skin or hair shaft.

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4
Q

SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES Diseases

A

❏ Pityriasis versicolor
❏ Tinea nigra
❏ White piedra
❏ Black piedra

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5
Q

Also called Tinea versicolor

A

PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR

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6
Q

PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR Etiological agent

A

Malassezia furfur

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7
Q

A chronic, superficial fungal disease of the skin characterized by well-demarcated white, pink, fawn, or brownish scaly lesions.

A

PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR

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8
Q

Basidiomycetous yeasts and form part of the normal skin flora
of humans and animals

A

Malassezia species

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9
Q

PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR
o Laboratory diagnosis:

A

o Clinical Material o Skin scrapings

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10
Q

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS culture of M. Furfur

A

Saboraud’s agar with olive oil or lanolin
o Stimulates growth by natural oils and other fatty substances
o Can grow on Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar with cycloheximide and chloramphenicol (mycosel)

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11
Q

Specialized isolation medium containing glycerol-mono- oleate

A

Dixon Agar

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12
Q

Characterized by appearance, primarily on palms of the hand and occasionally the plantar and other surfaces of the skin as brown to black non scaly macules

A

TINEA NIGRA

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13
Q

TINEA NIGRA Etiologic agents

A

Hortaea werneckii

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14
Q

Hortaea werneckii example

A

Exophiala werneckii
Phaeoannellomyces werneckii
Cladosporium werneckii)

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15
Q

Clinical materials for the laboratory diagnosis of Tinea nigra

A

Skin scrappings

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16
Q

Direct microscopy of the laboratory diagnosis of Tinea Nigra

A

10% KOH (Potassium Hydroxide)

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17
Q

Direct Microscopy Examination (10%
KOH) of Tinea Nigra

A
  • olive-brown, septate, multiple
    branched hyphae and elongated budding cells
  • (+) ANNELIDE FORMATION
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18
Q

Culture for the laboratory diagnosis of Tinea Nigra

A

Saborauds dextrose agar

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19
Q

typical two-celled yeast cells producing annelloconidia (Tinea nigra)

A

LPCB mount:

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20
Q

Superficial infection of hair shaft

A

PIEDRA

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21
Q

PIEDRA 2 varieties

A
  • white piedra - Trichosporon spp (asahi formerly beigelli)
  • black Piedra - Piedraia hortae
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22
Q

Superficial fungal infection of the hair shaft

A

BLACK PIEDRA

23
Q

BLACK PIEDRA Etiologic agent

A

Piedraia hortae

24
Q

an ascomycetous fungus forming hard black nodules on the shafts of the scalp, beard,and pubic hair.

A

BLACK PIEDRA (Piedraia hortae)

25
Q

BLACK PIEDRA
⮚Clinical Manifestation:

A

⮚Does not penetrate hair follicle
⮚Scalp hair are rough or sandy
⮚Infected hair: Hard black nodules on shaft

26
Q

Black Piedra
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
o Clinical Material

A

Hair with hard black nodules

27
Q

Black piedra DirectMicroscopy

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS

A

o 20% KOH
o Darkly pigmented nodules
o Asci(ascospores)

28
Q

Black Piedra Primary isolation medium
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS

A

o Sabouraud’s dextrose agar
o Dark brown colonies

29
Q

Fungal infection of the hair shaft with soft greyish-white nodules

A

WHITE PIEDRA

30
Q

White piedra etiologic agent

A

Trichosporon spp.

31
Q

Clinically significant Trichosporon spp.

A

Trichosporon asahii
⮚Trichosporon mucoides
⮚Trichosporon inkin
⮚Trichosporon cutaneum ⮚Trichosporon ovoides ⮚Trichosporon asteroides

32
Q

These are fungal infections of the skin, hair and nails.
o Pathological changes and inflammatory response occur in the host
o symptomatic

A

CUTANEOUS MYCOSES

33
Q

Diseases of CUTANEOUS MYCOSES

A

o Dermatophytosis (Tinea or ringworm)- caused by dermatophytes (Epidermophyton, Microsporum and Trichophyton)
o Candidiasisofskin,mucousmembranesandnails- caused by Candida spp.

34
Q

Causes of dermatophytosis

A

dermatophytes (Epidermophyton, Microsporum and Trichophyton)

35
Q

Candidiasisofskin,mucousmembranesandnails- caused by

A

Candida spp.

36
Q

Also called Tinea or Ringworm
Disease of the nails, hair and skin caused by filamentous fungi called Dermatophytes

A

Dermatophytosis

37
Q

Dermatophytosis Etiological agents:

A

Epidermophyton floccosum Microsporum spp. Trichophyton spp.

38
Q

Skin and Nails (+)
Nails (-)

A

Microsporum

39
Q

Skin and Nails (+)
Hair (-)

A

Epidermophyton

40
Q

Skin, Hair, Nials (+)

A

Trichophyton

41
Q

refers to dermatophytosis of the feet or toes. It is characterized by itchy and scaly rash

A

Tinea pedis

42
Q

refers to dermatophytosis of the proximal medial thighs and buttocks.
• It manifests as a pruritic, scaled lesion or plaque that involves the fold between the scrotum and thigh.

A

Tinea cruris

43
Q

dermatophytosis of the nail (onychomycosis)
-patches or pits on the surface of the nail

A

Tinea unguium

44
Q

dermatophytosis of the glabrous skin. It’s usually an itchy, circular rash with clearer skin in the middle.

A

Tinea corporis-

45
Q

refers to dermatophytosis of the scalp. It is characterized by itchy, scaly, bald patches on the head.

A

Tinea capitis

46
Q

zoophilic dermatophyte (cats)

A

Microsporum canis

47
Q

produces favus-like crusts or scutula and permanent hair loss.

A

Trichophyton schoenleinii

48
Q

o A primary or secondary mycotic infection caused by members of the genus Candida.
o Clinical manifestations includes oropharyngeal candidiasis and cutaneous candidiasis

A

Candidiasis

49
Q

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
o Direct Microscopy
CANDIDIASIS

A

KOH (10% or 20%)

50
Q

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS Clinical material

A

Skin scrapings, nail clippings and epilated hair

51
Q

Laboratory diagnosis culture (candidiasis)

A

SDA
MYCOSEL
DERMATOPHYTE test medium. - selective medium for dermatophyte

52
Q

Laboratory Identification of Dermatophyte macroscopic

A
  1. Surface color
  2. Reverse color
  3. Texture of growth
  4. RATE OF GROWTH
    -Rapid grower
    -Slow grower
53
Q

Laboratory diagnosis of dermatophytes microscopic

A

Method:
1. Direct tease mount (LPCB)
2. Microculture (Ridell Technique)
identification is based on:
1. Microconidia
2. Macroconidia

Myco Viro (11 decks)

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