Medical Terminology for Health Professions Part 6 Flashcards
1
Q
eosinophils
A
destroy parasitic organisms and play a major role in allergic reactions
2
Q
epicardium
A
the external layer of the heart and the inner layer of the pericardium
3
Q
erythrocytes
A
mature red blood cells produced by the red bone marrow (red blood cells - RBC)
4
Q
fibrinogen
A
clotting protein found in the plasma
5
Q
heart
A
a hollow, muscular organ located between the lungs
6
Q
heart failure
A
a chronic condition in which the heart is unable to pump out all of the blood that it receives
7
Q
heart murmur
A
an abnormal sound heard when listening to the heart or neighboring large blood vessels
8
Q
hemangioma
A
a benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels
9
Q
hematologist
A
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating abnormalities, diseases, and disorders of the blood and blood-forming tissues
10
Q
hemochromatosis
A
a genetic disorder in which the intestines absorb too much iron
11
Q
hemoglobin
A
the iron-containing pigment of the erythrocytes
12
Q
hemolytic anemia
A
characterized by inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to the premature destruction of red blood cells by the spleen
13
Q
hemorrhage
A
the loss of a large amount of blood in a short time
14
Q
hemostasis
A
to stop or control bleeding
15
Q
Holter monitor
A
a portable electrocardiograph that is worn by an ambulatory patient to continuously monitor the heart rates and rhythms over a 24-hour period
16
Q
hyperlipidemia
A
the general term used to describe elevated levels of cholesterol and other fatty substances in the blood
17
Q
hypertension
A
the elevation of arterial blood pressure to a level that is likely to cause damage to the cardiovascular system
18
Q
hypoperfusion
A
a deficiency of blood passing through an organ or body part
19
Q
hypotension
A
lower than normal arterial blood pressure
20
Q
implantable cardioverter defibrillator
A
a double action pacemaker
21
Q
iron-deficiency anemia
A
the most common form of anemia
22
Q
ischemia
A
a condition in which there is an insufficient oxygen supply due to a restricted blood flow to a part of the body
23
Q
ischemic heart disease
A
a group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart
24
Q
left atrium
A
receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs through the four pulmonary veins
25
left ventricle
receives oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium
26
leukemia
a type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes found in blood forming tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood
27
leukocytes
the blood cells involved in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances (white blood cells - WBC)
28
leukopenia
describes any situation in which the total number of leukocytes in the circulating blood is less than normal
29
lymphocytes
identify foreign substances and germs in the body and produce antibodies that specifically target them
30
megaloblastic anemia
a blood disorder characterized by anemia in which the red blood cells are larger than normal
31
minimally invasive coronary artery bypass
procedure performed with the aid of a fiber optic camera through small openings between the ribs
32
mitral valve
located between the left atrium and left ventricle
33
monocytes
provide immunological defenses against many infectious organisms
34
myelodysplastic syndrome
a group of bone marrow disorders that are characterized by the insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow
35
myocardial infarction
the occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup (heart attack)
36
myocarditis
an inflammation of the myocardium
37
myocardium
the middle and thickest of the heart's three layers and consists of specialized cardiac muscle tissue
38
neutrophils
the most common type of WBC
39
nitroglycerin
a vasodilator that is prescribed to prevent or relieve the pain of angina by dilating the blood vessels to the heart
40
orthostatic hypotension
low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up
41
palpitation
a pounding or racing heart with or without irregularity in rhythm
42
paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT)
an episode that begins and ends abruptly during which there are very rapid and regular heartbeats that originate in the atrium
43
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
a procedure in which a small balloon on the end of a catheter is used to open a partially blocked coronary artery by flattening the plaque deposit and stretching the lumen (AKA angioplasty)
44
pericarditis
an inflammation of the pericardium that causes an accumulation of fluid within the pericardial sac
45
pericardium
the double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart
46
peripheral arterial occlusive disease
an example of a peripheral vascular disease caused by atherosclerosis
47
peripheral vascular disease
refers to disorders of the blood vessels located outside the heart and brain
48
pernicious anemia
caused by a lack of the protein intrinsic factor that helps the body absorb vitamin B-12 from the gastrointestinal tract
49
phlebitis
the inflammation of a vein
50
phlebography
a radiographic test that provides an image of the leg veins after a contrast dye is injected
51
plaque
a fatty deposit that is similar to the buildup of rust inside a pipe
52
plasma
a straw-colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones, and waste products
53
plasmapheresis
the removal of whole blood from the body and separation of the blood's cellular elements
54
polyarteritis
a form of angiitis involving several medium and small arteries at the same time
55
polycythemia
an abnormal increase in the number of red cells in the blood due to excess production of these cells by the bone marrow
56
prothrombin
clotting protein found in the plasma
57
pulmonary arteries
carry deoxygenated blood out of the right ventricle and into the lungs
58
pulmonary circulation
the flow of blood only between the heart and lungs
59
pulmonary semilunar valve
located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
60
pulmonary veins
carry the oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium of the heart
61
pulse
the rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery caused by the contraction of the heart
62
Purkinje fibers
specialized conductive fibers located within the walls of the ventricles
63
Raynaud's phenomenon
a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress
64
restenosis
describes the condition when an artery that has been opened by angioplasty closes again
65
Rh factor
refers to the presence, or absence of the Rh antigen on red blood cells
66
right atrium
receives oxygen-poor blood from all tissues, except the lungs, through the superior and inferior venae cavae
67
right ventricle
pumps the oxygen-poor blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve and into the pulmonary artery, which carries it to the lungs
68
septicemia
a systemic condition caused by the spread of microorganisms and their toxins via the circulating blood
69
serum
plasma fluid after the blood cells and the clotting proteins have been removed
70
sickle cell anemia
a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape
71
sinoatrial node
located in the posterior wall of the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava
72
stent
a wire-mesh tube that is commonly placed after the artery has been opened
73
stress test
performed to assess cardiovascular health and function during and after stress
74
sudden cardiac death
results if treatment is not provided within a few minutes
75
systemic circulation
includes the flow of blood to all parts of the body except the lungs
76
systolic pressure
occurs when the ventricles contract; the highest pressure against the walls of an artery
77
tachycardia
an abnormally rapid resting heart rate
78
thalassemia
an inherited blood disorder that causes mild or severe anemia due to reduced hemoglobin and few red blood cells than normal
79
thallium stress test
performed to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries of the heart muscle during exercise
80
thrombocytes
the smallest formed elements of the blood (platelets)
81
thrombocytopenia
a condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood
82
thrombocytosis
an abnormal increase in the number of platelets in the circulating blood
83
thrombolytic
dissolves or causes a thrombus to break up
84
thrombosis
the abnormal condition of having a thrombus
85
thrombotic occlusion
the blocking of an artery by a thrombus
86
thrombus
a blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein
87
tissue plasminogen activator
a thrombolytic that is administered to some patients having a heart attack or stroke
88
transfusion reaction
a serious, and potentially fatal, complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the patient's blood and the donated blood do not match
89
tricuspid valve
controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle
90
valvoplasty
the surgical repair or replacement of a heart valve
91
valvular prolapse
the abnormal protrusion of a heart valve that results in the inability of the valve to close completely
92
valvular stenosis
a condition in which there is narrowing, stiffening, thickening, or blockage of one or more valves of the heart
93
valvulitis
an inflammation of a heart valve
94
varicose veins
abnormally swollen veins, usually occurring in the superficial veins of the legs
95
vascular surgeon
a physician who specializes in the diagnosis, medical management, and surgical treatment of disorders of the blood vessels
96
vasoconstrictor
causes blood vessels to narrow
97
vasodilator
causes blood vessels to expand
98
veins
form a low pressure collecting system to return oxygen-poor blood to the heart
99
venae cavae
the two largest veins in the body; return blood into the heart
100
ventricles
the two lower chambers of the heart
101
ventricular fibrillation
the rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles
102
ventricular tachycardia
a very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles
103
venules
the smallest veins that join to form the larger veins
104
Angi/o
Blood vessel
105
Aort/o
Aorta
106
Arteri/o
Artery
107
Ather/o
Plague
108
Brady-
Slow
109
Cardi/o
Heart
110
-crasia
Mixture or blending
111
-emia
Blood or blood condition
112
Erythr/o
Red
113
Hem/o
Blood
114
Leuk/o
White
115
Phleb/o
Vein
116
Tachy
Fast, rapid
117
Thromb/o
Clot
118
Ven/o
Vein
119
anti
against
120
carcin/o
cancer
121
immun/o
protected
122
lymph/o
Lymph; the fluid that removes cellular waste products, pathogens, and dead blood cells from the tissues.
123
lymphaden/o
lyphaden
124
lymphangi/o
Lymphatic Vessels and Ducts; Returns lymph from the tissue to the circulatory system.
125
megaly
abnormal enlargement
126
rrhagia
bleeding
127
plasm
formation
128
sarc/o
flesh
129
splen/o
Spleen; Filters foreign materials from the blood. Maintains the appropriate balance between cells and plasma in the blood. Destryos worn-out blood cells, releases hemoglobin, acts as a blood reservoir, and stores platelets.
130
tic
pertaining to
131
tox/o
poison
132
tonsill/o, adenoid/o
Tonsils and Adenoids; Protect the entry into the respiratory system.
133
myel/o
Bone Marrow; Produces blood cells. (also refers to the spinal cord.)
134
lymphocyt/o
Lymphocytes; The specialized white blood cells that play an important role in immune reactions.
135
thym/o
Thymus; Secretes the endocrine thymosin that aids in the maturation of T lymphocytes for use by the immune system.
136
immuno/o
Immune System; Defends the body against harmful substances, such as pathogenic microorganisms, allergens, toxins and malignant cells.
137
onc
tumor
138
cervic
neck
139
axill
ary
140
inguin
groin
141
hem/o
blood
142
lytic
to destroy
143
lymphaden
lymph node
144
pathy
disease
145
oma
tumor
146
edema
swelling
147
cytes
cells
148
macro
large
149
phage
a cell that eats
150
phag/o
to eat or swallow
151
therapy
treatment
152
bio
life
153
cide
causing death
154
static
causing control
155
neo
new or strange
156
my
muscle
157
angi/o
vessel
158
genesis
reproduction
159
meta
beyond
160
stasis
stopping
161
aden/o
gland
162
oste/o
bone
163
mammo/o
breast
164
graphy
the process of producing a picture or record
165
bi
pertaining to life
166
opsy
view of
167
mast
breast
168
ectomy
surgical removal
169
plast
growth or formation
170
brachy
short
171
tele
distant
172
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
the most advanced, and fatal, stage of an HIV infection
173
Allergen
a substance that produces an allergic reaction in an individual
174
Anaphylaxis
a severe response to an allergen in which the symptoms develop quickly, and without help, the patient can die within a few minutes.
175
Antibiotic
medications that are capable of inhibiting growth, or killing pathogenic bacterial microorganisms.
176
Antibody
a disease-fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen
177
Antifungal
an agent that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi
178
Antigen
any substanc that the body regards as being foreign, and includes viruses, bacteria, toxins, and transplanted tissues.
179
antigen-antibody reaction
a reaction that labels a potentially dangerous antigen so that it can be recognized, and destroyed, by other cells of the immune system.
180
autoimmune disorder
any of a large group of diseases characterized by a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against its own tissues.
181
bacilli
rod-shaped spore-forming bacteria
182
bacteria
one-celled microscopic organisms,some of which are pathogenic
183
carcinoma
a malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue
184
carcinoma in situ
describes a malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissues
185
complement
a group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form and are activated by contact with nonspecific antigens such as foreign blood cells or bacteria
186
cytomegalovirus
a member of the herpes virus family that cause a variety of diseases
187
cytotoxic drug
a medication that kills or damages cells
188
ductal carcinoma in situ
breast cancer at its earliest stage before the cancer has broken through the wall of the mild duct
