Medical Terminology - Chapter One Intro to Medical Terminology Flashcards
A localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues
inflammation
a pathologic change of tissues due to disease or injury
lesion
a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness that is often the first indication of an infection or other disease
malaise
pertaining to a virus
viral
means above or outside the ribs
supracostal
a prefix: means above or excessive. think of ____hero
super- or supra-
means below a rib or ribs
subcostal
a prefix: means under, less, or below think of ship that goes under sea
sub-
means within the muscle
intramuscular
a prefix: means within or inside
intra-
swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in cells, tissues, or cavities of the body
edema
subjective evidence of a disease subjective means that it can be evaluated or measured only by the patient
symptom
objective evidence of disease objective means it can be evaluated or measured by the patient or others
sign
bones of the fingers and toes singular form-phalanx
phalanges
means appendix
appendic
inflammation of the appendix
appendicitis
named for german neurologist Alois Alzheimer example of an eponym
Alzheimers Disease
a persistent overwhelming fatigue of unknown origin example of a disease
chronic fatigue syndrome
is a word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term
acronym
A disease, structure, operation or procedure named for the person who discovered it or described it first
eponym
condition in which one or more body parts are not functioning normally
disease
condition is of long duration although such disease can be controlled, they are rarely cured
chronic
a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease
prognosis
condition has a rapid onset, a severe course, and a relatively short duration
acute
the temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure
remission
(D/Dx) also know as a rule out (R/O) is an attempt to determine which one of several possible diseases is causing the signs and symptoms that are present
differential diagnosis
(Dx) the identification of a disease
diagnosis
set of signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process
syndrome
means easy or normal breathing
eupnea
a prefix: means good, normal, well, or easy
eu-
means an organ or body part that is not working properly
dysfunctional
a prefix: means bad, difficult, or painful
dys-
means being drawn toward or having a strong dependence on a drug or substance
addiction
means not normal or away from normal
abnormal
a prefix: scanty, few
oligo-
a prefix: means large remember megalodan shark
mega- or megalo-
a prefix: small
micro
a prefix: large, abnormal size, or long
macro-
a prefix: in, into, not without
in-
a prefix: means out of, outside, away from think of getting out of a relationship
ex-
a prefix: means left side
sinistro-
a prefix: means right side
dextro-
a prefix: means toward, to, in, the direction of think of math, not subtract but . . .
ad-
the name of an examination position which a female patient is lying on her back with her feet and legs on stirrups
lithotomy
a suffix: means surgical incision
-otomy
word root: means stone
lith
a surgical incision for the removal of a stone
lithotomy
the study of the ears, nose, and throat
otorhinolaryngology (ENT)
an abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body
fistula
any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus
mycosis
an injury, degeneration or disease in the spinal cord
myelopathy
any pathological change or disease of muscle tissue
myeopathy
study of disorders of the newborn
neonatology
an examination technique in which the examiner’s hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts
palpation
a pounding or racing heart
palpitation
a suffix: means pertaining to
-al
word root: means birth
nat
means pertaining to birth
natal
a prefix: means away from, negative, absent
ab-
a prefix: means after
post-
time and events after birth
postnatal
a prefix: means surrounding
peri-
a prefix: means before
pre-
time and events surrounding birth
perinatal
time and events before birth
prenatal
means between, but not within the parts of a tissue
interstitial
a prefix: means between or among
inter-
means lower-than-normal blood pressure
hypotension
a prefix: means deficient or decreased
hypo-
means higher-than-normal blood pressure
hypertension
a prefix: means excessive, or increased
hyper-
any acute, inflammatory pus forming bacterial skin infection such as impetigo
pyoderma
act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward
supination
formation of pus
suppuration
wound or injury
trauma
the medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and proper place of treatment
triage
acronym: light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
LASER
discomfort due to the regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus
pyrosis
a groove or crack-like sore at the skin, also normal folds in the contours of the brain
fissure
pertaining to the interior lining of an artery
endarterial
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin
dermatologist
surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface
colostomy
surgical removal of the appendix
appendectomy
invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism
infection
resulting film that is produced by angiography
angiogram
suturing together the ends of a severed nerve
neurorrhaphy
a viral infection of the gray nerve tissue of the spinal cord
poliomyelitis
means spinal cord
myel
a suffix: abnormal softening
-malacia
a word root: means blood vessel
angi/o
any disease of the stomach
gastrosis
a suffix: pain and suffering
-algia
a suffic: study of
-ology
pain in the stomach not as commonly used as -algia
gastrodynia
means gray
poli/o
word root: artery
arteri/o
a suffix: means cell
-cyte
means red
erythr/o
a suffix: abnormal hardening
-sclerosis
a suffix: means inflammation
-itis
word root: means blood
hem/o
a suffix: pain not as commonly used as -algia
-dynia
word root: means nerve
neur/o
inflammation of the stomach and small intestine
gastroenteritis
study of all aspects of diseases
pathology
enlargement of the liver
hepatomegaly
abnormal softening of the walls of an artery or arteries
arteriomalacia
inflammation of the stomach
gastritis
means white
leuk/o
usually but not always indicates the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease. Always comes at the end of the word
suffix
blue discoloration of the skin caused by lack of adequate oxygen in the blood
cyanosis
mature red blood cell
erythrocyte
surgical removal of the tonsils
tonsilectomy
portion of the skull that encloses the brain
cranium
means blue
cyan/o
usually but not always indicates location, time, number, or status. shown with a hypen after it
prefix
a suffix: surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove fluid
-centesis
word root: means abdomen
abdomin/o
a suffix: flow or discharge
-rrhea
white blood cell
leukocyte
any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissue or organs
melanosis
word root: means liver
hepat/o
means disease
path
frequent flow of loose or watery stools
diarrhea
a suffix: surgical suturing to close a wound and includes the use of sutures, staples, or surgical glue
-rrhaphy
a suffix: tissue death
-necrosis
means black
melan/o
a suffix: means surgical repair
-plasty
loss of a large amount of blood in a short period of time
hemorrhage
a suffix: visual examination
-scopy
a suffix: bleeding, most often to describe sudden, severe bleeding
-rrhage
word root with a combining vowel added at the end
combining form
a suffix: picture or record
-gram
tissue death of an artery or arteries
arterionecrosis
means inflammation of the tonsils
tonsilitis
a prefix: means through
dia-
surgical suturing of a tendon
tenorrhaphy
also known as a stomach ache; pain in the stomach
gastralgia
a suffix: means abnormal condition or disease
-osis
surgical repair of a nerve
neuroplasty
a suffix: enlargement
-megaly
abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries
arteriostenosis
a suffix: means surgical removal
-ectomy
word root: means tendon
ten/o
word root: means muscle
my/o
surgical repair of a muscle
myoplasty
visual examination of the internal structure of a joint
arthroscopy
a suffix: process of producing a picture or record
-graphy
means tonsils
tonsill
word root: means joint
arthr/o
pertaining to the heart
cardiac
surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid
abdominocentesis
contains the basic meaning of the term. usually but not always indicates the involved body part
word root
process of producing an x-ray or radiographic study, of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make these blood vessels visable
angiography
a suffix: means rupture
-rrhexis
abnormal hardening of the artery or arteries
arterisclerosis
means pertaining to the joint or joints
Arthralgia
prefix: means plaque or fatty substance
ather/o
means a fatty deposit within the wall of an artery
atheroma
suffix: meaning a surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface
-ostomy
word root: means renal pelvis. part of the kidney
pyel/o
the last and longest portion of the small intestine
ileum
erythema (redness), hyperthermia (heat), edema (swelling), pain
key factors of inflammation
any fluid, such as pus, that leaks out of an infected wound
exudate
a torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut
laceration
an adjective. describes the specialized membranes that line the body cavities
mucous
a noun. the fluid secreted by mucous membrane
mucus
word root: means fungus
myc/o
suffix: specialist
-ologist
word root: means skin
dermat
a prefix: means new
neo-
inflammation of the renal pelvis
pyelitis
word root: means pus
py/o
word root: means fever or fire
pyr/o
having the nature, properties, and qualities of an adult male
virile
a preifx: means virus or poison
vir-
any pathological change or disease of muscle tissue
myopathy
abnormal hardening of the artery or arteries
arteriosclerosis
a suffix: means cutting or surgical incision
pyelotomy
part of the hip bone
ilium
suffix: means abnormal narrowing
-stenosis
