Chapter 4 Muscular system Flashcards
1
Q
long, slender cells that make-up muscles
A
muscle fibers
2
Q
a band of connective tissue that envelops separates, or binds together muscles or groups or muscles
A
fascia
3
Q
pertaining to muscle tissue and fascia
A
myofascial
4
Q
word root: means fascia
A
fasci
5
Q
a narrow band of non-elastic, dense, fibrous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone
A
tendon
6
Q
attaches muscles to bottom of patella
A
patellar tendon
7
Q
attaches the gastrocnemius muscle
A
achilles tendon
8
Q
sheet-like fibrous connective tissue resembling a flattened tendon that connects muscles together or to a bone
A
a poneurosis
9
Q
types of tissue
A
skeletal, smooth, myocardial
10
Q
attached to bones of the skeleton and make body movements possible
A
skeletal muscles
11
Q
means striped
A
striated
12
Q
located in walls of internal organs such as the digestive tract, blood vessels, and ducts leading from glands
A
smooth muscles
13
Q
word root: means relating to the internal organs
A
visceral
14
Q
aka mycardium or cardiac muscle, forms muscular walls of the heart
A
myocardial muscles
15
Q
the stimulation of a muscles by an impulse transmitted by a motor nerve
A
innervation
16
Q
pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and a muscle
A
neruomuscular
17
Q
word root: means muscle
A
muscul
18
Q
is the tightening of a muscle
A
contraction
19
Q
occurs when a muscle returns to its original form
A
relaxation
20
Q
the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body
A
abduction
21
Q
prefix: means away from
A
ab-
22
Q
word root: meas lead
A
duct
23
Q
suffix: means action
A
-ion
24
Q
during ________ limb moves outward away from the side of the body
A
abduction
25
a muscle that moves a body part away from the midline
abductor
26
the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body
adduction
27
prefix: means toward
ad-
28
a muscle that moves a body part toward the midline
adductor
29
decreasing the angle between two bones by bending limb at a joint
flexion
30
word root: means to bend
flex
31
bends a limb at a joint
flexor muscle
32
increasing the angle between two bones or the straightening out of a limb
extensions
33
prefix: means away from
ex-
34
word root: means stretch out
tens
35
straightens a limb at a joint
extensor muscle
36
extreme or over extension of a limb or body part beyond normal limit
hyperextension
37
act of raising or lifting a body part
elevation
38
**muscles of the face** act of lowering a body part
levator anguli oris
39
a muscle that raises a body part
levator
40
act of lowering a body part
depression
41
lowers the center of the mouth into a frown
depressor anguli oris
42
lowers a body part
depressor
43
a circular movement around an axis
rotation
44
an imaginary line that runs lengthwise through center of body
axis
45
the circular movement at the far end of a limb
circumduction
46
turns a body part on its axis
rotator muscle
47
group of muscles and tendons that hold the head of the humerus securely in place as it rotates within the shoulder joint
rotator cuff
48
act of rotating arm or leg so the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned forward or upward
supination
49
the act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward and backward
pronation
50
the movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle
dorsiflexion
51
movement that bends the foot downward at the ankle
plantar flexion
52
word root: means pertaining to the sole of the foot
plantar
53
located near surface, just under the skin
superficial muscles
54
where the muscle begins and is located nearest the midline of the body or on a less moveable part of the skeleton
origin
55
where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon
insertion
56
helps bend the neck and rotate the head
sternocleidomastoid muscle
57
combining form: means breastbone
stern/o
58
combining form: means collar bone
cleid/o
59
inserts at the point of insertion into the mastoid process
mastoid muscle
60
pair of muscles that make flexion and extension of the wrist possible
flexor carpi muscles and extensor carpi muscles
61
a thick, fan-like shaped muscle situated on the anterior chest walls
pectoralis major
62
word root: means relating to the chest
pectoral
63
toward the side
lateralis
64
a muscle toward the midline of the leg
vastus lateralis
65
word root is a latin word for huge
vastrus
66
toward the midline
medialis
67
a muscle towards the midline of the leg
vastus medialis
68
slanted or at an angle
oblique
69
in straight alignment with the vertical axis of the body
rectus
70
a ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway
sphincter
71
closes the anus
anal sphincter
72
in a crosswise direction
transverse
73
aka biceps formed from two divisions
biceps brachii
74
prefix: means two
bi-
75
suffix: means head
-ceps
76
aka triceps formed from three divisions
triceps bracii
77
prefix: means three
tri-
78
largest muscle of the buttock
gluteus maximus
79
located on the shoulder, shaped like an inverted triangle
deltoid muscle
80
located at the back of the upper leg, consists of three separate muscles: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranous muscles
hamstring group
81
muscle in the forehead raises and lowers eyebrows
frontalis or occipitofrontalis
82
muscle moves lower jaw up and back to close the mouth
temporalis
83
one of the strongest in the body, moves the lower jaw up to close the mouth when chewing
masseter muscle
84
in males, makes up bulk of chest muscles
pectoralis major
85
in females, lies under the breast
pectoralis major
86
found in the abdomen
external and internal oblique muscles
87
flex and rotate the vertebral column, also flex torso and compress the abdomen
external oblique muscles
88
flex the spine, support the abdominal contents, help us breathe and rotate the spine
internal oblique muscles
89
helps flex the trunk, assists in breathing and supports the spine
rectus abdominis
90
located at the side of the abdomen
transverse abdominis
91
engages when a person laughs or coughs
core muscle
92
forms muscular cap of the shoulder
deltoid
93
moves head and shoulder blade
trapezius
94
flexes the elbow
biceps bracii
95
extends the elbow
triceps brachii
96
extends leg at the knee and flexes thigh at the hip joint
rectus femoris
97
made up of four muscles flex and extend the leg at the knee
quadriceps femoris
98
calf muscle that flexes the knee and bends the foot downward
gastrocnemius
99
specialist who works under the supervision of a physician to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness
exercise physiologist
100
physician who specializes in treating causes of paralysis and similar muscular disorders
neurologist
101
helps enable patients to participate in activities of daily life, including self-care, education, work, or social interaction
occupational therapist
102
physician specalizes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function
physiatrist
103
restoration following disease, illness, or injury of ability to function in normal
rehabilitation
104
provides treatment to prevent disability or restore function through use of exercise, heat, massage, or other techniques
physical therapist
105
specializes in prevention and treatment of injuries of bones, joints, and muscles for athletes and other active individuals
sports medicine physician
106
inflammation of the fascia
fasciitis
107
a debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms
fibromyalgia
108
combining form: means fibrous tissue
fibr/o
109
a condition causing weakness
debilitating
110
an inflammation of the sheath around a tendon
tenosynovitis
111
sometimes spelled tendonitis, an acute inflammation or irritation of tendons caused by excessive or unusual of the joint
tendinitis
112
a chronic condition characterized by pain due to repetitive overuse or injury that has not healed
tendinosis
113
a disorder of unknown cause that affects many body systems
chronic fatigue syndrom
114
a band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally
adhesion
115
weakness or wearing a way of body tissues and structures
atrophy
116
a condition of physically wasting away due to loss of weight and muscle mass in patients with diseases
cachexia
117
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