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Chapter One Intro To Medical Terminology > Chapter 49: Pharmacology Fundamentals > Flashcards

Chapter 49: Pharmacology Fundamentals Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

a drug capable of producing sleep and relieving pain or inducing unconsciousness and even death, depending on the dosage

A

narcotic

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2
Q

to lay down as a rule or direction, to order or advise the use of

A

prescribed

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3
Q

give as in medication

A

administration

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4
Q

unintended or adverse effects of a medication, ranging from mild to intolerable

A

side effects

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5
Q

a reaction between two (or more) drugs or between a drug and a food, beverage or supplement

A

drug interactions

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6
Q

a response of a medication which is judged to be desirable and beneficial

A

therapeutic response

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7
Q

what are the main categories that drugs are divided into

A

chemotherapeutic, pharmacodynamic, and miscellaneous agents

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8
Q

used to cure a disease caused by an infectious organism or cancer

A

chemotherapeutic drugs

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9
Q

treat noninfectious processes by acting on different systems to suppress chemicals or hormones being released in excess or to augment chemical or hormones being produced in insufficient amounts

A

pharmocodynamic drugs

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10
Q

a drug that binds to a receptor in order to produce or trigger a response

A

agonists

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11
Q

a drug that blocks the actions of a receptor or its intended ligand

A

antagonists

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12
Q

describes the action of a medication that augments or enhances the actions of another medication

A

synergistic

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13
Q

the combined actions of two or more drugs are the same as the sum of each action individually

A

additive effects

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14
Q

includes medications such as pain relivers, smoking cessation agents, and antipsoratics

A

miscellaneous agents

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15
Q

affect how the body responds to a drug

A

considerations of a drug action

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16
Q

the difference between the max and min; the amount of variation allowed from a standard

A

tolerance

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17
Q

deliever small amounts of medication in a sustained, time-release manner

A

transdermal patches

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18
Q

when given by _______ it reaches the blood stream more rapidly than other routes

A

injection

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19
Q

true or false: when a patient takes a medication for a long-period of time, they do not develop a tolerance

A

false

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20
Q

true or false: medication allergies can occur at any time even if they have taken the same medication several times before

A

true

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21
Q

an adverse effect of a medication that is not related to an immune response

A

intolerance

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22
Q

effects of drugs are categorized as

A

local, remote, and systemic

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23
Q

having its effect restricted to the area in which it was administered

A

local drug effect

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24
Q

its effect takes place in areas other than the place of administration

A

remote drug effect

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25
Q

the effect is generalized throughout the body

A

systemic drug effect

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26
Q

cylinder-shaped enclosure for medication of either a gelatin-coated or time-released

A

capsules

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27
Q

a sterile solution that controls medication intended to be delievered directly into the area to be treated

A

drops

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28
Q

are prepared to be delievered in either a fixed or nonfixed does to be breathed in through the nose or mouth

A

inhalants

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29
Q

are medications suspended in alcohol or water may be prepared for oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous intravenous, intra-arterial, inthrathecal nasogastric, or orogastric delievery

A

liquids

30
Q

fine particles intended to be dissolved in liquids or foods just prior to being taken

A

powders

31
Q

preparations are ointments, creams, or lotions that can be applied directly to the skin

A

skin

32
Q

are bullet-shaped tablets that melt easily at body temperature for administration through the vagina, urethra, or rectum

A

suppositories

33
Q

medications that are bound together by substances that dissolve in stomach acids

A

tablets

34
Q

drug names are identified by four names:

A

generic, trade, chemical, official

35
Q

general; characteristic of a genus or group

A

generic name

36
Q

the name a manufacturer assigns to a given medication compound for marketing purposes or to simplify referencing the medication

A

trade name

37
Q

described by atomic or molecular structure

A

chemical name

38
Q

when the drug is approved by the FDA and are not capitalized

A

generic name (also official name)

39
Q

the government agency responsible for regulating the approval of meds, food, cosmetics and certain supplements

A

food and drug administration (FDA)

40
Q

usually easier to remember than generic names and are capitalized

A

trade name

41
Q

the intended purpose or reason for using a particular medication

A

indiction

42
Q

name the generic and trade name for the medication that has an indiction of pain relief, fever reduction

A

generic- acetaminophen
trade- Tylenol

43
Q

name the generic and trade name for the medication that has an indiction of pain relief, fever reducer, decrease platelet adherence

A

generic- aspirin
trade- Ecotrin

44
Q

name the generic and trade name for the medication that has an indicition of hypertension

A

generic-captopril
trade- Capoten

45
Q

name the generic and trade name for the medication that has an indicition of pain reliever (narcotic)

A

generic-morphine sulfate
trade- Roxanol

46
Q

a written direction for the preparation of a medicine

A

prescription

47
Q

a legal permit to engage in an activity

A

licensed

48
Q

drug that has the potential for abuse and addiction

A

controlled substance

49
Q

a division of the federal government responsible for the enforcement of laws regulating the distribution and sale of drugs

A

drug enforcement administration (DEA)

50
Q

true or false: the DEA maintains oversight for legally prescribed and used narcotic drugs

A

true

51
Q

drugs that have a high potential for addiction, unaccepted medically, high potential for dependence, examples heroin, LSD, marijuana

A

schedule 1

52
Q

drugs that have a high potential for addiction, accepted medically but tightly restricted, severe psychic or physical potential for dependence, examples amphetamines and morphine

A

schedule 2

53
Q

drugs less than 1 or 2, low to moderate potential for abuse, acceptable for medical use, high psychological potential for dependence, examples certain opiods, barbiturates, and some depressants

A

schedule 3

54
Q

low potential for abuse, acceptable medically, limited physical and psychological potential for dependence, examples phenobarbitial

A

schedule 4

55
Q

drugs that have a low potential for abuse, acceptable medically, limited physical and psychological potential for dependence, examples small amount of codeine in cough suppressants

A

schedule 5

56
Q

have no recognized medicinal use in the united states and prescriptions are prohibited

A

schedule 1

57
Q

must have a written or typed prescription order with provider’s personal signature and DEA registry number and may not be refilled

A

schedule 2

58
Q

may be written or phone in; may be refilled 5 times in 6 months

A

schedule 3

59
Q

may be refilled 5 times in 6 months

A

schedule 3 and 4

60
Q

subject to state and local regulations, written prescription may not be required

A

schedule 5

61
Q

true or false: controlled substances should be kept stored under double lock

A

true

62
Q

concerning drugs or pharmacy

A

pharmaceuticals

63
Q

true or false: refrigerated medications can be kept in the same storage as office staff food and other medications

A

false

64
Q

a small glass tube or bottle containing medication or a chemical

A

vial

65
Q

a digital compilation of manufacturers prescribing information (package insert) on prescription drugs that is updated regularly

A

prescribers digital reference (PDR)

66
Q

one of the reference books that lists information about medications

A

physicians desk refrence )PDR)

67
Q

the study and practice of compounding and dispensing medical preparations

A

pharmacology

68
Q

a compilation of standards related to medications, drug substances, medical devices, and vitamins

A

USP_NF

69
Q

phrase indicating that substitutions for generics or similar medications are not allowed by the prescriber

A

dispense as writeen (DAW)

70
Q

refers to the agency that has oversight for hospitals adhering to regulations that allow them to bill for medicare reimbursement for medical services provided

A

joint commission

Chapter One Intro To Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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