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Med term > Med Term Vocab units 3-4 > Flashcards

Med Term Vocab units 3-4 Flashcards

1
Q

ankly/o

A

stiff joint

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2
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

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3
Q

articul/o

A

joint

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4
Q

burs/o

A

sac

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5
Q

carp/o

A

wrist

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6
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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7
Q

clavicul/o

A

clavicle

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8
Q

coccyg/o

A

coccyx

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9
Q

cortic/o

A

outer portion

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10
Q

cost/o

A

rib

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11
Q

crani/o

A

skull

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12
Q

femor/o

A

femur

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13
Q

fibul/o

A

fibula

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14
Q

humer/o

A

humerus

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15
Q

ili/o

A

ilium (lateral, flaring portion of hip bone)

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16
Q

ischi/o

A

ischium

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17
Q

kyph/o

A

hump

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18
Q

lamin/o

A

lamina (part of vertebral arch)

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19
Q

lord/o

A

bent backward

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20
Q

lumb/o

A

loins (lower back)

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21
Q

mandibul/o

A

mandible

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22
Q

Maxill/o

A

maxilla (upper jawbone)

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23
Q

Medull/o

A

inner portion

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24
Q

Functions of the skeletal system

A

support, protections internal organs, point of attachment for muscles, mineral storage, blood cell production

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25
Q

Metacarpal/o

A

metacarpals

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26
Q

Metatarsal/o

A

metatarsal

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27
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow

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28
Q

orth/o

A

straight

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29
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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30
Q

Patell/o

A

patella

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31
Q

Pector/o

A

chest

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32
Q

ped/o

A

child, foot

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33
Q

pelv/o

A

pelvis

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34
Q

Phalang/o

A

phlanges

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35
Q

pod/o

A

foot

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36
Q

Prosthet/o

A

addition

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37
Q

pub/o

A

pubis

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38
Q

radi/o

A

radius, ray

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39
Q

sacr/o

A

sacrum

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40
Q

Scapul/o

A

scapula

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41
Q

scoli/o

A

crooked, bent

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42
Q

spin/o

A

spine

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43
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebrae

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44
Q

stern/o

A

sternum

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45
Q

synovi/o, synov/o

A

synovial membrane

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46
Q

tars/o

A

ankle

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47
Q

functions of the cardiovascular system

A

distribute blood, deliver substances, remove wastes

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48
Q

Organs of cardiovascular system

A

heart, arteries, capillaries, veins

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49
Q

systemic circulation

A

carries oxygenated blood away from left side of heart and deoxygenated blood from body to right side of heart

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50
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

between lung and hearts, carries deoxygenated blood away from right side of heart to lungs, carries oxygenated blood from lungs to left side of heart

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51
Q

heart

A

muscular pump, located in the mediastinum, has 3 layers, divided into 4 chambers

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52
Q

Endocardium

A

inner layer, smooth layer that lines heart chambers and reduce friction as the blood passes through the heart chambers

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53
Q

Myocardium

A

middle layer, thick muscle that contracts to develop pressure required to pump blood through vessels

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54
Q

Epicardium

A

outer layer, forms the visceral layer of pericardial sac, fluid between layers of pericardial sac reduces friction as heart beats

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55
Q

Interatrial and interventricular septum

A

heart is divided into right and left sides by these walls

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56
Q

Atria

A

left and right upper chambers, receives blood from superior, inferior vena cava, and pulmonary veins

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57
Q

Ventricles

A

left and right lower chambers, pumping chambers with a thick myocardium, blood exits ventricles into aorta and pulmonary arteries

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58
Q

4 heart valves

A

tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, aortic

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59
Q

heart valve functions

A

restraining gates to control direction of blood flow, found at entrance and exit to ventricles

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60
Q

tricuspid valve

A

an atrioventricular valve between right atrium and ventricle. prevents blood in ventricle from flowing back to atrium, has 3 cusps or leaflets

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61
Q

pulmonary valve

A

semilunar valve (half moon valve) b/w right ventricle and pulmonary artery, prevents blood in artery from flowing back into ventricle

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62
Q

mitral valve

A

atrioventricular valve, b/w left atrium and ventricle, bicuspid valve

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63
Q

aortic valve

A

semilunar valve between left ventricle and aorta

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64
Q

diastole

A

relaxation phase in between heart contractions

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65
Q

systole

A

contraction phase to pump blood

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66
Q

blood vessels

A

pipes that circulate blood through the body; three types: arteries, capillaries, veins

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67
Q

lumen

A

channel within blood vessels

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68
Q

arteries

A

large thick walled vessels that carry blood away from heart, coronary artery branch into smaller vessels called arterioles

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69
Q

aorta artery

A

carries oxygenated blood to body

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70
Q

coronary artery

A

supplies myocardium

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71
Q

pulmonary artery

A

carries deoxygenated blood to lungs

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72
Q

capillaries

A

network of tiny, thin-walled blood vessels called a capillary bed, connecting unit b/w arteries and veins; arterial blood flows into capillary bed, venous blood flows out

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73
Q

veins

A

thinner than arteries, blood flows towards heart, lower pressure system; pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from lungs, superior and inferior vena cava carry deoxygenated blood from body

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74
Q

venules

A

small veins

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75
Q

blood pressure

A

measurement of force exerted by blood against walls of a vessel; may be affected to elasticity of arteries, diameter of blood vessels, and viscosity, volume, resistance of blood

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76
Q

ventricular systole

A

during this time, blood is under highest pressure, systolic. top number of blood pressure reading

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77
Q

pulse

A

felt at wrist or throat is the surge of blood caused by the heart contraction

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78
Q

ventricular diastole

A

blood pressure drops to lowest point, diastolic; bottom reading of blood pressure

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79
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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80
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

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81
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

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82
Q

ather/o

A

fatty substance

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83
Q

atri/o

A

atrium

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84
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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85
Q

coron/o

A

heart

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86
Q

copor/o

A

body

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87
Q

cutane/o

A

skin

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88
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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89
Q

duct/o

A

to bring

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90
Q

electr/o

A

electricity

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91
Q

embol/o

A

plug

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92
Q

hem/o

A

blood

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93
Q

isch/o

A

to hold back

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94
Q

lip/o

A

fat

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95
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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96
Q

myocardi/o

A

heart muscle

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97
Q

pector/o

A

chest

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98
Q

peripher/o

A

away from center

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99
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

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100
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

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101
Q

sept/o

A

wall

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102
Q

son/o

A

sound

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103
Q

sphygm/o

A

pulse

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104
Q

steth/o

A

chest

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105
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

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106
Q

valv/o, valvul/o

A

valve

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107
Q

varic/o

A

dilated vein

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108
Q

vas/o

A

vessel

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109
Q

vascul/o

A

blood vessel

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110
Q

ven/o

A

vein

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111
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle

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112
Q

-ac

A

pertaining to

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113
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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114
Q

-ar

A

pertaining to

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115
Q

-ary

A

pertaining to

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116
Q

-eal

A

pertaining to

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117
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal

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118
Q

-gram

A

record

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119
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

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120
Q

-ia

A

condition

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121
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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122
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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123
Q

-lytic

A

destruction

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124
Q

-manometer

A

instrument to measure pressure

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125
Q

-megaly

A

enlarged

126
Q

-ole

A

small

127
Q

-oma

A

mass

128
Q

-ose

A

pertaining to

129
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

130
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

131
Q

-pathy

A

disease

132
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

133
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupture

134
Q

-sclerosis

A

hardening

135
Q

-scope

A

instrument for viewing

136
Q

-spasm

A

involuntary muscle contraction

137
Q

-stenosis

A

narrowing

138
Q

-tension

A

pressure

139
Q

-tic

A

pertaining to

140
Q

-tonic

A

pertaining to tone

141
Q

-ule

A

small

142
Q

de-

A

without

143
Q

endo-

A

inner

144
Q

extra-

A

outside of

145
Q

hyper-

A

excessive

146
Q

hypo-

A

insufficient

147
Q

inter-

A

between

148
Q

intra-

A

within

149
Q

per-

A

through

150
Q

peri-

A

around

151
Q

trans-

A

across

152
Q

ultra-

A

beyond

153
Q

aortic

A

pertaining to the aorta

154
Q

arterial

A

pertaining to an artery

155
Q

atrioventricular

A

pertaining to the atrium and ventricle

156
Q

cardiac

A

pertaining to the heart

157
Q

coronary

A

pertaining to the heart

158
Q

interatrial

A

pertaining to between the atria

159
Q

interventricular

A

pertaining to between the ventricles

160
Q

myocardial

A

pert. to heart muscles

161
Q

valvular

A

pert. to a valve

162
Q

vascular

A

pert. to a blood vessel

163
Q

venous

A

pert. to a vein

164
Q

ventricular

A

pertaining to a ventricle

165
Q

venule

A

a small vein

166
Q

cardiology

A

branch of medicine with diseases of cardiovascular system

167
Q

cardiovascular technologist/technician

A

healthcare professional trained to perform diagnostic testing on heart

168
Q

angiitis

A

inflammation of a vessel

169
Q

angiospasm

A

involuntary contraction of smooth muscle in wall of a vessel; narrows it

170
Q

angiostenosis

A

narrowing of vessel

171
Q

embolus

A

obstruction of blood vessel by blood clot that has broken off from a thrombus in another site

172
Q

infarct

A

area of necrotic tissue due to loss of blood supply

173
Q

ischemia

A

local and temporary deficiency of blood supply dueto a circulatory obstruction

174
Q

murmur

A

sound, in addition to normal heart sounds, may or may not indicate an abnormality

175
Q

orthostatic hypotension

A

sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up suddenly

176
Q

palpitations

A

pounding, racing heartbeats

177
Q

plaque

A

yellow, fatty deposit of lipids in an artery; hallmark of atherosclerosis

178
Q

regurgitation

A

to flow backwards, backflow through valve

179
Q

thrombus

A

blood clot within a blood vessel; may partially or completely occlude blood vessel

180
Q

angina pectoris

A

severe pain and sensation of constriction around heart; caused by myocardial ischemia

181
Q

arrhythmia

A

irregular heartbeat; ranges from mild to severe

182
Q

bundle branch block

A

electrical impulse is blocked from traveling down bundle branches; results in ventricles beating at diff. rate than atria; also called heart block

183
Q

cardiac arrest

A

complete stopping of heart activity

184
Q

cardiomegaly

A

abnormally enlarged heart

185
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

myocardial disease; may be caused by viral infection, congestive heart failure, alcoholism; common reason for heart transplant

186
Q

congenital septal defect

A

hole in heart septum; allowing mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

187
Q

congestive heart failure

A

left ventricle muscle too weak to efficiently pump blood; results in weakness, breathlessness, and edema

188
Q

coronary artery disease

A

poor blood supply to heart muscle du to obstruction of coronary arteries; may cause angina pectoris and heart attack

189
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of lining membranes of heart; can have bacterial colony form called vegetation if caused by bacteria

190
Q

fibrillation

A

extremely serious arrhythmia characterized by quivering of heart fibers; cardiac arrest and death can occur

191
Q

flutter

A

arrhythmia in which atria beats too rapidly, but in regular pattern

192
Q

heart valve prolapse

A

cusps are too loose and fail to shut tightly; allowing regurgitation

193
Q

heart valve stenosis

A

cusps are too stiff; unable to shut tightly; allowing regurgitation

194
Q

myocardial infarction

A

occlusion of coronary artery; results in a myocardial infarct; heart attack

195
Q

myocarditis

A

inflammation of heart muscle layer

196
Q

pericarditis

A

inflammation of pericardial sac

197
Q

tetralogy of fallot

A

combo of 4 congenital anomalies; pulmonary stenosis, interventricular septal defect, improper placement of aorta, hypertrophy of right ventricle; requires immediate surgery

198
Q

valvulitis

A

inflammation of heart valve

199
Q

aneurysm

A

weakness and ballooning of arterial wall; commonly seen in abdominal and cerebral arteries

200
Q

arteriorrhexis

A

a ruptured artery

201
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening and loss of elasticity of arteria walls; often due to atherosclerosis

202
Q

atheroma

A

deposit of fatty substance in wall of artery, bulges into and narrows artery; also called a plaque

203
Q

atherosclerosis

A

most common form of arteriosclerosis; lipid plaques form in arterial wall

204
Q

coarctation of the aorta

A

severe congenital narrowing of aorta

205
Q

hemorrhoid

A

varicose veins in anal region

206
Q

hypertension

A

high blood pressure; primary HTN= cv disease, secondary from another

207
Q

hypotension

A

decrease in blood pressure; may be due to shock or anemia

208
Q

patent ductus arteriosus

A

congenital heart anomaly where fetal connection b/w pulmonary artery and aorta fails to close at birth

209
Q

peripheral vascular disease

A

abnormal condition affecting any blood vessel outside the heart; symptoms may include pain, pallor, and blocked circulation

210
Q

phlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein

211
Q

polyarteritis

A

inflammation of several arteries

212
Q

Raynaud’s phenomenon

A

periodic ischemic attacks affecting extremities; they become cyanotic; triggered by cold

213
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of vein resulting in blood clots within a vein

214
Q

varicose veins

A

swollen and distended veins; often in the legs

215
Q

auscultation

A

listening to sounds within body using a stethoscope

216
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

blood pressure cuff; measures blood pressure

217
Q

stethoscope

A

instrument for listening to body sounds

218
Q

cardiac enzymes

A

blood test determines level of enzymes specific to heart muscle in blood; an increase may indicate heart muscle damage such as a myocardial infarction

219
Q

serum lipoprotein level

A

blood test measures amount of cholesterol and triglycerides in blood; indicator or atherosclerosis risk

220
Q

angiogram

A

x-ray record of a vessel

221
Q

angiography

A

x-rays taken after injection of opaque dye into blood vessel

222
Q

cardiac scan

A

nuclear medicine scan using radioactive thallium; especially useful in determining myocardial damage

223
Q

Doppler ultrasonography

A

using ultrasound to produce an image of blood flowing through blood vessels in order to determine velocity; indicates blood clots or deep vein thromboses

224
Q

echocardiography

A

use of ultrasound to visualize internal cardiac structures; especially valves

225
Q

catheter

A

flexible tube inserted in body to move fluids into or out of body; may be used to place dye into a vein to view blood vessels

226
Q

cardiac catheterization

A

catheter is threaded through blood vessel to heart; detects abnormalities, collects cardiac blood samples, and determines blood pressure inside heart

227
Q

electrocardiogram

A

hardcopy record produced by electrocardiography

228
Q

electrocardiography

A

process of recording electrical activity of heart; able to diagnose arrhythmias and myocardial damage

229
Q

holter monitor

A

portable ecg monitor worn by patient up to a few days to assess heart activity as person goes through daily activities

230
Q

stress testing

A

evaluates cardiovascular fitness; patient exercises on treadmill or bicycle with a steadily increasing work load; ekc and oxygen levels are monitored throughout the test

231
Q

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

A

procedure to restore cardiac output and oxygenate air for person in cardiac arrest; uses chest compressions and artificial respiration

232
Q

defibrillation

A

procedure that converts irregular heartbeats, such as fibrillation, using an electric shock

233
Q

extracorporeal circulation

A

routing blood to a heart-lung machine during a surgical procedure

234
Q

implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

A

device implanted into the heart to deliver an electric shock to restore normal heart rhythm; especially helpful for ventricular fibrillation

235
Q

pacemaker implantation

A

device implanted into the heart to substitute for the natural pacemaker; especially helpful for bradycardia

236
Q

thrombolytic therapy

A

use of drugs, such as streptokinase or tissue-type plasminogen activator, to dissolve clots and restore blood flow

237
Q

aneurysmectomy

A

surgical removal of aneurysm

238
Q

arterial anastomosis

A

surgical joining of two arteries when an artery is severed or a damaged section is removed

239
Q

atherectormy

A

surgical removal of an atheroma

240
Q

coronary artery bypass graft

A

blood vessel from another location (often leg vein) is grafted to route blood around a blocked coronary artery

241
Q

embolectomy

A

surgical removal of an embolus

242
Q

endarterectomy

A

removal of the diseased inner lining of an artery; using to remove atherosclerotic plaues

243
Q

heart transplant

A

replacement of a diseased heart with a donor heart

244
Q

intracoronary artery stent

A

placing a stent within coronary artery; treats coronary ischemia due to atherosclerosis

245
Q

ligation and stripping

A

removal of varicose veins; damaged vein is tied off (ligation) and then removed (stripping)

246
Q

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

A

balloon catheter is inserted through skin into coronary artery; inflated to dilate the narrow blood vessel

247
Q

stent

A

stainless steel tube placed within blood vessel to widen the lumen

248
Q

valve replacement

A

removal of diseased valve and replacement with an artificial valve

249
Q

valvoplasty

A

surgical repair of a heart valve

250
Q

ACE inhibitor drugs

A

produce vasodilation to decrease blood pressure

251
Q

antiarrhythmic

A

reduces or prevents cardiac arrhythmias

252
Q

anticoagulant

A

prevents blood clot formation

253
Q

antilipidemic

A

reduces blood cholesterol level

254
Q

antiplatelet agents

A

inhibit ability of platelets to clump together in a blood clot

255
Q

beta-blocker drugs

A

lowers heart rate to treat hypertension and angina pectoris

256
Q

calcium channel blocker drugs

A

decreases force of heart beat to treat hypertension, angina pectoris, and congestive heart failure

257
Q

cardiotonic

A

increases force of heart contraction to treat congestive heart failure

258
Q

diuretic

A

increases urine production to reduce plasma volume to lower blood pressure

259
Q

thrombolytic

A

dissolves existing blood clot

260
Q

vasoconstrictor

A

contracts smooth muscle in wall of blood vessel to raise blood pressure

261
Q

vasodilator

A

relaxes smooth muscle in wall of blood vessel to reduce blood pressure and increase blood flow to ischemic area

262
Q

AED

A

automated external defibrillator

263
Q

AF

A

atrial fibrillation

264
Q

AMI

A

acute myocardial infarction

265
Q

AS

A

arteriosclerosis

266
Q

ASD

A

atrial septal defect

267
Q

ASHD

A

arteriosclerotic heart disease

268
Q

AV, A-V

A

atrioventricular

269
Q

BBB

A

bundle branch block

270
Q

BP

A

blood pressure

271
Q

bpm

A

beats per minute

272
Q

CABG

A

coronary artery bypass graft

273
Q

CAD

A

coronary artery disease

274
Q

cath

A

catheterization

275
Q

CC

A

cardiac catherization, chief complaint

276
Q

CCU

A

coronary care unit

277
Q

CHF

A

congestive heart failure

278
Q

CoA

A

coarctation of the aorta

279
Q

CP

A

chest pain

280
Q

CPR

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

281
Q

CSD

A

congenital septal defect

282
Q

CV

A

cardiovascular

283
Q

DVT

A

deep vein thrombosis

284
Q

ECC

A

extracorporeal circulation

285
Q

ECG, EKG

A

electrocardiogram

286
Q

ECHO

A

echocardiogram

287
Q

GOT

A

glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase

288
Q

HTN

A

hypertension

289
Q

ICD

A

implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

290
Q

ICU

A

intensive care unit

291
Q

IV

A

intravenous

292
Q

LVH

A

left ventricular hypertrophy

293
Q

MI

A

myocardial infarction, mitral insufficiency

294
Q

mm Hg

A

millimeters of mercury

295
Q

MR

A

mitral regurgitation

296
Q

MS

A

mitral stenosis

297
Q

MVP

A

mitral valve prolapse

298
Q

P

A

pulse

299
Q

PAC

A

premature atrial contraction

300
Q

PDA

A

patent ductus arteriosus

301
Q

PTCA

A

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

302
Q

PVC

A

premature ventricular contraction

303
Q

S1

A

first heart sound

304
Q

S2

A

second heart sound

305
Q

SA, S-A

A

sinoatrial

306
Q

SGOT

A

serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase

307
Q

SK

A

streptokinase

308
Q

tPA

A

tissue-type plasminogen activator

309
Q

V fib

A

ventricular fibrillation

310
Q

VSD

A

ventricular septal defect

311
Q

VT

A

ventricular tachycardia

Med term (15 decks)

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