Male Reproductive System Terms Flashcards by Anna Duren

functions of male reproductive system

produces and delivers sperm and secretes male sex hormones

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organs of male system

bulbourethral glands, epididymis, penis, prostate gland, seminal vesicles, testes, vas deferens

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testes

oval-shaped organs in scrotum that produces sperm and secretes testosterone. singular is testis; also called testicles

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testosterone

necessary for proper development of sperm, male reproductive and secondary sexual characteristics

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spermatogenesis

process that produces sperm and occurs within seminiferous tubules of testes. testes must maintain proper temp. for sperm to survive. lower temp. levels are achieved by suspending testes in scrotum outside body

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epididymis

coiled tube-shaped organ that lies on top of testes within scrotum and location for sperm maturation and storage. releases sperm into vas deferns

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shaft of penis

contains urethra

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glans penis

tip of penis protected by prepuce.

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prepuce

covering of skin that can be removed during circumcision

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penis

contains erectile tissue; increased blood flow during sexual stimulation results in erection which allows it to be placed within vagina and ejaculate semen

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urethra

male urethra extends from bladder to tip of penis. serves to eliminate urine and ejaculate semen. sphincter closes during ejaculation to prevent urine escaping

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vas deferens

carries sperm from epididymis up into pelvic cavity (travels in front of, over, and down the bladder) and empties into urethra

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spermatic cord

cord-like structure between pelvic cavity and scrotum that consists of 2 vas deferntia, nerves, arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels

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seminal vesicles

two glands at base of urinary bladder that secrete fluid rich in glucose to nourish sperm. are connected to vas deferens just before it empties into urethra

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semen

seminal vesicle fluid and sperm

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prostate gland

single gland located just below urinary bladder that secretes alkaline fluid to neutralize pH of urethra and vagina critical for sperm survival. surrounds urethra. enlargement causes problems with urination and ejaculation

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bulbourethral gland

cowper’s gland, 2 small glands on either side of urethra just below prostate that secrete a mucus-like lubricating fluid

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balanic

pertaining to the glans penis

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epididymal

pertaining to epididymis

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penile

pertaining to penis

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prostatic

pertaining to prostate gland

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spermatic

pertaining to sperm

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testicular

pertaining to testes

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vasal

pertaining to vas deferens

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vesicular

pertaining to seminal vesicles

urology

branch of medicine that treats urinary and male reproductive system

aspermia

condition of having no sperm

balanorrhea

discharge from the glans penis

oligospermia

condition of having too few sperm

spermatolysis

anything that destroys sperm

anorchism

the absence of testes

cryptochidism

failure of testes to descend into scrotum before birth

hydrocele

accumulation of fluid around testes or along spermatic cord

orchitis

inflammation of one or both testes

sterility

inability to father children due to a problem with spermatogenesis

testicular carcinoma

malignant tumor of testes

testicular torsion

twisting of spermatic cord

varicocele

varicose veins of the spermatic cord

epididymitis

inflammation of epidiymis

benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)

noncancerous enlargement of prostate gland; common in older men

prostate cancer

malignant tumor of prostate gland

prostatitis

inflammation of the prostate gland

balanitis

inflammation of the glans penis

epispadias

congenital opening of urethra on dorsal surface of penis

erectile dysfunction (ED)

inability to engage in sexual intercourse due to inability to maintain erection; impotence

hypospadias

congenital opening of urethra on underside of penis

phimosis

narrowing of prepuce; constricts glans penis

priasism

persistent and painful erection; caused by pathology not sexual stimulation

chancroid

highly infectious non-syphilitic venereal ulcer

chlamydia

bacterial genital infection in males and females

genital herpes

viral infection that appears like blisters

genital warts

warts on genitalia of both sexes; caused by virus

gonorrhea (GC)

bacterial infection of mucous membranes of males and females

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

sexually transmitted virus that attacks immune system

sexually transmitted disease (STD)

disease usually acquired as a result of sexual intercourse; formerly called venereal disease (VD)

syphilis

chronic bacterial infection; attacks multiple organs including brain

trichomoniasis

genitourinary infection caused by a protist in both males and females

prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

blood test to screen for prostate cancer

semen analysis

part of ferility workup; analyzed for number, swimming strength, and shape

digital rectal exam (DRE)

manual examination for enlarged prostate

balanoplasty

surgical repair of glans penis

castration

removal of testes

circumcision

removal of prepuce

epididymectomy

surgical removal of a testis

orchidectomy

surgical removal of a testis

orchidopexy

surgical fixation to pin undescended testes in scrotum

orchiectomy

surgical removal of a testis

orchiotomy

cutting into testis

orchioplasty

surgical repair of a testis

prostatectomy

surgical removal of prostate gland

sterilization

process of rendering a male or female unable to conceive children

transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR, TURP)

removal of prostate tissue by inserting device through urethra

vasectomy

removal of a segment of vas deferens to prevent sperm from ejaculating

vasovasostomy

reconnects end of vas deferens to reverse a vasectomy

androgen therapy

replacement of male hormones

antiprostatic agents

shrinks benign prostatic hypertrophy

erectile dysfunction agents

temporarily produces erection

spermatocide

destroys sperm