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Science > Mechanics Need To Know For NCEA > Flashcards

Mechanics Need To Know For NCEA Flashcards

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1
Q

V=

A

speed measured in (ms-1)

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2
Q

t=

A

time measured in (s)

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3
Q

d=

A

distance measured in (m)

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4
Q

△=

A

delta=change in…..

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5
Q

Fnet

A

Net force measured in (N)

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6
Q

N=

A

Newtons

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7
Q

m=

A

mass measured in (kg) OR meters

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8
Q

P=

A

Pressure measured Pa or N/㎡ OR Power measured in (W)

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9
Q

Pa=

A

Pascals

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10
Q

A=

A

Area measured in (㎡)

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11
Q

△Ep=

A

gravitational potential energy measured in (J)

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12
Q

g=

A

gravity/10ms−² (ms squared to the negative 2)

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13
Q

Ek=

A

Kinetic energy measured in (J)

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14
Q

W=

A

Work measured in (J)

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15
Q

F=

A

Force measured in (N)

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16
Q

Fg=

A

Weight

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17
Q

How do you write an Energy Chain?

A

You use arrows (Ek→△Ep)

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18
Q

What are the three ways used to describe motion?

A

STATIONARY, CONSTANT SPEED, ACCELERATION

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19
Q

When calculating what are the six steps?

A
  1. State given: d=2m, v=3ms-1, t=?
  2. Copy formula: v=△d/△t
  3. Substitute: 3=2/△t
  4. Re-arrange (if required)
  5. Calculate and ROUND (2 or 3 significant figures)
  6. Write UNIT
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20
Q

When explaining what are the 4 steps?

A
  1. Write appropriate formulas
  2. State definitions
  3. Comment one each QUANTITY/LETTER (e.g SAME, INCREASES/LARGER, DECREASES/SMALLER)
  4. Answer the question
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21
Q

Can you multiply the Force and distance together if they are not parallel?

A

No F&d must be parallel for you to be able to multiply them together.

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22
Q

What is the rule of energy?

A

Conservation of energy (cannot be created or destroyed only transferred) HEAT (waste) caused by FRICTION and DRAG.

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23
Q

Definition of Mass=

A

The number of particles/matter in an object measured in (kg).

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24
Q

Definition of Weight=

A

A downwards force measured in (N).

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25
Q

What are the 6 forces?

A
  1. Weight
  2. Support
  3. Thrust (engines)
  4. Friction, drag/air resistance
  5. Lift (plane)
  6. Push/pull
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26
Q

What is the formula for weight?

A

Fg=mg

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27
Q

What direction does the force weight act?

A

↓ It is a downwards force (90° to the surface)

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28
Q

What direction does the force support act?

A

↑ It is an upwards force (90° to the surface)

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29
Q

What direction does the force thrust act?

A

forward (from the motion occurring)

30
Q

What direction does the forces friction, drag/air resistance act?

A

Opposite to the motion (v) (opposite to the speed)

31
Q

What direction does the force Lift act?

A

↑ An upwards force which acts 90° to the surface

32
Q

What direction does the forces Push/Pull act?

A

from/to the centre (of the motion)

33
Q

When the motion is stationary or constant speed are the forces BALANCED or UNBALANCED?

A

They are BALANCED.

34
Q

When the motion is stationary or constant speed what is the net force?

A

The NET FORCE is ZERO

35
Q

When the motion is accelerating are the forces BALANCED or UNBALANCED?

A

The forces are UNBALANCED

36
Q

When the motion is accelerating what is the NET FORCE?

A

NET FORCE is NOT ZERO (it is in the direction of accelerating). (net force & acceleration are the same direction)

37
Q

What is △Ep?

A

Height

38
Q

What is Ek?

A

Speed

39
Q

What is △E=W

A

The definition of Work (change in Energy=Work)

40
Q

What are the 2 graphs used in Mechanics?

A

d&t (distance & time) and v&t (speed & time)

41
Q

Which axis is time always on?

A

The x axis (bottom horizontal line)

42
Q

What is a distance versus time graph used to work out?

A

The Speed of something.

43
Q

On a distance versus time graph how do you find the speed?

A

gradient=steepness=SPEED=rise/run (rise over run)

44
Q

What does 〳 (a curved upwards line) mean on a distance versus time graph?

A

ACCELERATION

45
Q

What does / mean on a distance versus time graph?

A

CONSTANT SPEED

46
Q

What does _ mean on a distance versus time graph?

A

STATIONARY

47
Q

What is a speed versus time graph used to work out?

A

The ACCELERATION of something

48
Q

On a speed versus time graph how do you find the Acceleration?

A

gradient=steepness=ACCELERATION=rise/run (rise over run)

49
Q

What does / mean on a speed versus time graph?

A

Accelerating

50
Q

What does _ mean on a speed versus time graph?

A

Constant speed

51
Q

How do you find the distance on a speed versus time graph?

A

You find the area of the sections.

52
Q

How do you find the area of a square?

A

b×h (base times height)

53
Q

How do you find the area of a triangle?

A

½b×h (half base times height)

54
Q

What is v=△d/△t and what is it used to work out?

A

Speed equals change in distance over change in time. It is used when working out the speed of something. It is the partner of distance versus time graphs.

55
Q

What is a=△v/△t and what is it used to work out?

A

Acceleration equals change in speed over change in time. It is used to work out the acceleration of something. It is the partner to speed versus time graphs.

56
Q

How do you define acceleration?

A

a=△v/△t, gradient=steepness=ACCELERATION=rise/run.

57
Q

ms–² (ms to the power of negative two.)

A

Acceleration

58
Q

ms-1 (ms to the power of negative one)

A

Speed

59
Q

m²

A

metres squared

60
Q

N/m² (N over m²) is another way to measure?

A

Pressure. Pressure can be measured in Pascals or N over m squared.

61
Q

What is Fnet=ma and what is it used to work out?

A

Net force equals mass times acceleration. Used to work out the forces acting on an object

62
Q

What is this symbol (ΣF)?

A

The sum of the forces (ΣF)

63
Q

What does Fnet mean

A

The sum of all the forces

64
Q

What is P=F/A (P=F over A) and what is it used to work out?

A

Pressure=Force times Area. Used to work out what pressure is being applied to something by something.

65
Q

What is △Ep=mg△h and what is it used to work out?

A

Change in gravitational potential energy=mass times gravity times change in height. Used to work out the height something has (dropped).

66
Q

What is Ek=½mv² and what is it used to work out?

A

Kinetic energy. Used to work out the movement of something.

67
Q

What is W=Fd and what is it used to work out?

A

Work=Force times distance. Used to work out the amount of Work done on something.

68
Q

What is g=10Nkg-1 (squared to the negative one) and what is it used to work out?

A

Gravity and it always stays the same.

69
Q

What is P=W/t (W over t) and what is it used to work out?

A

Power=Work divided by time. Power is the measurement of how quickly Work is done.

70
Q

What do you use to work out the speed of something from the middle of the graph?

A

Vend or Vbeginning.

71
Q

How can the starting Kinetic energy be lower at the end than at the start?

A

Due to waste energies such as heat, sound and light.

72
Q

On a speed versus time graph how do you find the distance?

A

Area. The distance travelled is the area under the line.

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