Level 1 Physical Science Chemistry Internal Flashcards
What are the 4 chemical reactions you will need to investigate?
1) Combination reaction
2) Precipitation reaction
3) Displacement reaction
4) Thermal decomposition reaction
What are the 4 things you will need to do in the internal?
1) Decide the type of reaction
2) Link your observations to the chemical equation
3) Write a balanced chemical equation
4) Justify your observation using the chemical rules
What is a combination reaction
When two elements are combined to form a compound.
What is this reaction:
Mg + O₂ —-> MgO
Combination
How would you explain this combination reaction:
Mg + O₂ —-> MgO
Magnesium ATOM has lost 2e⁻ forming Mg²⁺. The 2e⁻ have been gained by the oxygen atom forming O²⁻. Balanced equation: 2Mg + O₂ —-> 2MgO
How would you explain this combination reaction:
Fe + O₂ —-> Fe₂O₃
4Fe atoms have lost 12 electrons forming 4Fe³⁺ ions. The 12e⁻ have been gained by 6 oxygen atoms. Forming 6O₂ ions. Balanced symbol equation: 4Fe + 3O₂ —-> 2Fe₂O₃
What is this reaction:
Fe + O₂ —-> Fe₂O₃
Combination reaction
How do you know if a reaction is a combination reaction?
If its an element being mixed with an element to form a compound
How do you know if a reaction is a Precipitation reaction?
Two aqueous solutions
How do you know if a reaction is a thermal decomposition reaction?
A metal compound breaks apart into elements or simpler compounds using heat
How do you know if a reaction is a displacement reaction?
When a metal replaces another metal in a compound
What is a precipitate?
a solid formed by a change in a solution, often due to a chemical reaction or change in temperature that decreases solubility of a solid.
What is a soluble substance?
capable of being dissolved especially in water
What is a insoluble substance?
a substance (solid) that will not dissolve in a solvent even after mixing
What is a spectator ion?
A spectator ion is an ion that doesn’t participate in a reaction.
What is the metal activity series?
The activity series for metals lists the metals, in order, from most reactive metal to least reactive metal
What does the atomic number of an element tell you?
It tells us the position on the periodic table, the number of protons it has and it DEFINES the ELEMENT
What is an ion
An atom or group of atoms that have gained or lost electrons
What does the relative atomic mass tell us?
It tells us the number of protons & neutrons together
What is a precipitation reaction?
When two aqueous solutions (ionic compounds dissolved in water) are mixed to create an insoluble precipitate (ionic solid) and a soluble product.
What are the 7 things you need to do with a precipitation reaction?
1) Define a Precipitation reaction
2) Name the 2 solutions you mixed
3) Observations of the reaction
2) Word equation
3) (balanced) Symbol equation
4) Spectator ions
5) Name the precipitate formed (refer to solubility rules)
6) Name the other product formed say why its not precipitate via solubility rules
7) Ionic equation
When will a solute dissolve in a solvent?
A solute WILL dissolve in a solvent if the forces of attraction between the solvent and solute are great enough to overcome the forces of attraction between the solute particles.
When will a solute NOT dissolve in a solvent?
A solute WILL NOT dissolve if the forces of attraction between the solute and solvent are weaker than the forces of attraction between the solute particles.
What will happen when a ionic substance dissolves in water
When an ionic substance dissolves in water it will dissociate into its constituent ions.