MDC2 Exam 2 Flashcards
What does fully compensated mean?
pH will be normal both CO2 and HCO3 will be out of range
What does partial compensation mean?
ALL values will be out of range
What does uncompensated mean?
Abnormal pH and either CO2 or HCO3 will be out of range
What are the causes of respiratory alkalosis?
Hyperventilation, low CO2, anxiety, fear, heat exhaustion, mechanical ventilation, hypoxia
What are the signs and symptoms of respiratory alkalosis?
fast shallow breaths, tachycardia, breathlessness, anxious, lightheaded, agitation
What is the treatment for respiratory alkalosis?
drug therapy (sedation), managing the causes (mechanical ventilation, anxiety, pain)
What causes respiratory acidosis?
too much CO2 in the lungs, hypoventilation, COPD and asthma, pneumonia, sleep apnea
What are the signs and symptoms of respiratory acidosis?
Low O2, barrel chested, cyanosis, cough, wheezing
What is the treatment for respiratory acidosis?
oxygen therapy, drug therapy (neb, bronchodilator), sleep apnea (CPAP/BIPAP), raise HOB, mechanical ventilation
What causes metabolic alkalosis?
Vomiting due to loss of HCL, antacids, excessive diuretic use, blood transfusions
What are the signs and symptoms of metabolic alkalosis?
vomiting, dehydration, loss of bicarb through the GI tract
What is the treatment for metabolic alkalosis?
IV fluids, calcium supplements, potassium sparing diuretics, treating the cause
What causes metabolic acidosis?
hypo-perfusion, diarrhea, losing bicarb through GI tract
What are the signs and symptoms of metabolic acidosis?
diarrhea, abdominal pain, increase in HR and drop in BP, difficulty breathing, kussmal respirations, hyperkalemia
What is the treatment for metabolic acidosis?
IV fluids, treating the cause, disease precautions
