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Nursing Exam Study - Rasmussen > MDC 2 Exam - upper GI > Flashcards

MDC 2 Exam - upper GI Flashcards

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1
Q

What is stomatitis?

A

inflammation within the oral cavity

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2
Q

What are some examples of primary stomatitis?

A

aphthous stomatitis (non-infectious), herpes simplex, traumatic ulcers

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3
Q

What are some examples of secondary stomatitis?

A

from infection, fungi, bacteria, viruses, in immunocompromised patients (chemo, radiation, steroid drug therapy)

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4
Q

The most common type of secondary stomatitis

A

Candida albicans

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5
Q

Nursing interventions for stomatitis

A

avoid alcohol-based mouthwashes, increase oral hygiene to q2h if uncontrolled

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6
Q

Drug therapy for stomatitis

A

clotrimazole, nystatin suspension, chlorohexidine, viscous lidocaine

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7
Q

What is the most common type of oral cancer?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of lesions that would be suspected of oral cancer?

A

red, raised and eroded lesions in the mouth

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9
Q

What cancer primarily occurs on the lips?

A

basal cell carcinoma, primarily due to sun exposure

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10
Q

Key features of oral cancer

A

bleeding from mouth, poor appetite, difficulty chewing or swallowing, unplanned weight loss

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11
Q

Nursing interventions for oral cancers

A

airway maintenance, prevent aspirations, oral hygiene q2h, monitor nutrition status

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12
Q

What is GERD?

A

backwards flor of stomach contents in the esophagus

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13
Q

What factors contribute to GERD?

A

caffeine, peppermint, chocolate, citrus, alcohol, nitrates, smoking, NG tube placement, anticholinergic drugs, calcium channel blockers

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14
Q

Signs and symptoms of GERD

A

Dyspepsia, dysphagia, coughing, hoarseness, wheezing, chest pain

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15
Q

Nursing interventions for GERD

A

balance nutrition status, eat 4-6 small meals a day, avoid eating 3 hours before bed, sit up for 1 hour after meals

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16
Q

Drug therapy for GERD

A

antacids, histamine blockers, and proton pump inhibitors

17
Q

Sliding hernia

A

hernia can slide back and forth through perforation in the diaphragm

18
Q

rolling hernia

A

the hernia creates a ball that sits on top of the diaphragm

19
Q

How is a sliding hernia treated?

A

The same as GERD, if reflux becomes severe a Nissen fundoplication may be performed

20
Q

Rolling hernia signs and symptoms

A

feeling of fullness, breathlessness, feeling of suffocation (all after eating)

21
Q

what is gastritis?

A

inflammation of the stomach lining

22
Q

What can prevent gastritis?

A

eat a well balanced diet, exercise regularly, avoid excessive NSAID use, smoking cessation, safe food practices

23
Q

Signs and symptoms of gastritis

A

epigastric pain, dyspepsia, hematemesis, melena

24
Q

What most commonly causes gastritis?

A

H. Pylori

25
Q

What is peptic ulcer disease?

A

when GI defenses become impaired and no longer protect the epithelium from the effects of acid and pepsin

26
Q

What is the main cause of peptic ulcer disease?

A

H. Pylori

27
Q

What are the complications of peptic ulcer disease?

A

hemorrhage, perforation, pyloric obstruction, intractable disease

28
Q

What are the key features of a GI bleed?

A

hematemesis, melena, low bp, low hub and hct, increased HR

29
Q

What type of cancer is most gastric cancer?

A

adenocarcinomas

30
Q

signs and symptoms of gastric cancer

A

dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, weight loss, positive occult blood test, CEA elevated

31
Q

What is dumping syndrome?

A

occurs after eating in a patient post gastrectomy

32
Q

what happens in dumping syndrome?

A

rapid emptying of food in the small intestine

33
Q

education for gastric cancer

A

eat small frequent meals, avoid liquids with meals, no caffeine or alcohol, lie flat for a short time after eating

34
Q

what causes candida Albicans?

A

antibiotics, steroids, radiation, antirejection medications

35
Q

What test rules out H. pylori infection?

A

rapid urease testing

Nursing Exam Study - Rasmussen (11 decks)

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