Maternity Flashcards
presumptive signs of pregnancy
period absent (amenorrhea)
really tired
enlarged breasts
sore breasts
urination frequency increases
movement perceived (quickening)
emesis and nausea
probable signs of prengnacy
objective findings!
positive pregnancy test
return of fetus when tapped (ballottement)
outline of fetus is palpable
braxton hicks
softening of cervix (goodells)
bluish color of cervix (chadwick)
lower uterine segment softs (hegars)
enlarged uterus
positive signs of prengancy FETUS
fetal movements felt by HCP
electronic device detects fetal heart sounds
delivery of fetus
ultrasound detects fetus
see movement of fetus
Naegele’s rule
1st day of last menstrual period + 7 days - 3 months + 1 year
how many extra calories per day should pregnant women be consuming
extra 300 per day
what is the indirect coombs test
performed on mother’s blood sample while she is pregnant
when is indirect coombs test done
28 weeks
if rh -, she will get rhogam
when is direct coombs test
once baby is born on newborn’s blood sample
what is the oral glucose tolerance test
done at 28 weeks
50 grams of glucose
1 hour later - blood sugar is checked
what BG level indicates gestational diabetes from oral glucose test
if above >140
mom will need 3 hour glucose tolerance test
do you need to fast for 3 hour glucose tolerance test
8 hours
how do you get diagnosed with gestational diabetes
you fail the 3 hour glucose tolerance test
either failing fasting blood glucose
or you pass fasting blood glucose and fail 2 out of 3 hourly checks
what does a reactive nonstress test mean
2 accelerations of 15 beats per minute for 15 seconds in a 20 minute period
when is contraction stress test done
when you have a non-reactive non stress test
what is a contraction stress test
pitocin is delivered to induce contractions - can baby tolerate labor?
do we want a negative or positive contraction stress test
negative = normal
baby did not have decels in response to contractions
are you looking for variability in a non stress test
no
what are considered abortions in GTPAL
pregnancies ending in abortion prior to 20 weeks
what can result from increased vascularization during pregnancy
bloody noses
swollen tender gums
spider veins
varicose veins
edema
what medications can be given for hyperemesis gravidarum
promethazine
reglan
+fluids
how do you diagnose preeclampsia
> 20 weeks
BP is >140/90, 2 times, 4 hours apart
protein in urine
3 anti-hypertensives for pre-eclampsia
labetalol
nifedipine
hydralazine
why are babies of GDM mothers at risk for hypoglycemia
fetal pancreas produces its own insulin
was used to high levels of glucose from mom
after delivery, no longer has high glucose but pancreas continues to produce a lot of insulin
how to treat GDM
diet and exercise OR insulin
what is maternal cholestasis
bile acids enter blood stream, causing intense itching
dangerous for baby!
tx for maternal cholestassi
ursodiol - helps lower bile acids in blood
s/s of ectopic pregnancy
dizziness/fainting
abdominal pain unilateral
N/V
loss of appetite
