Integumentary System Flashcards
where are blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves located
dermis
2 functions of the hypodermis
absorbs mechanical shock
temperature regulation
what layer of the skin contains sweat glands
epidermis
primary lesion
direct result of a disease process
secondary lesion
develop as a consequence of the client’s activities
itching and causing scar
examples of secondary lesiosn
scales
crust
ulcers
scar
what type of condition is psoriasis
chronic autoimmune T-cell mediated inflammatory skin condition
what is Stevens Johnson Syndrome?
cytotoxic t cell drug reaction
keratinocyte cell death
extensive blistering
reaction to drug
what is a diffuse infection of dermis and hypodermis
cellulitis
what causes cellulitis
staph, MRSA or group B strep
what causes impetigo
staph or strep
what is tinea pedis
athletes foot
fungal infection
where is squamous cell carcinoma
very top layer of epidermis
grows out of control
basal cell carcinoma - where?
basal cell layer (bottom layer) of epidermis
do squamous cell carcinomas spread more easily than basal cells?
yes
1st degree burn
superficial
skin in tact
redness
no blisters
2nd degree burn
partial thickness
epidermis and dermis
burns are painful because of nerve endings
blisters
3rd degree
go into hypodermis
full thickness
destroys nerve endings so not as painful
red, tan, black, dry, leathery
fourth degree burns
full thickness, + bone and muscle
dry, dull, leathery
3 stages of burn management
emergent
acute
rehabilitative
how long is the emergent phase
first 24 - 48 hours
what is patient at risk for during emergent phase
hypovolemic shock
electrolyte imbalance
renal failure because of lack of perufsion
what is the priority intervention during emergent phase
fluid!
timing of acute phase of burns
48-72 hours after injury until wound heals
rule of 9s: face
9%
rule of 9s: anterior chest
9%
rule of 9s: anterior abdomen
9%
rule of 9s: each leg
18%
rule of 9s: each arm
9%
rule of 9s: groin
1%
when are patients at risk for burn complications
over 15% of TBSA
what kind of shock can burns lead to
hypovolemic shock
what would potassium levels be with burns
hyperkalemia
injury causes lysis to cells
4 ways to reduce potassium
furosemide
kayexelate
insulin + D5
albuterol
what is the sodium level with burns
hyponatremia
what fluid do you give with burns
LR
parkland burn formula
4ml x TBSA x body weight (kg)
first half of solution over the first 8 hours
rest over next 16 hours
