Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

Question 1

which trimester is most critical in terms of development

Answer 1

first

Question 2

what is very important prior to conception

Answer 2

folic acid

Question 3

how much folic acid is recommended

Answer 3

0.4 mg in fortified foods recommended

Neural tube defects can occur with poor intake

Question 4

what can occur in pregnant women if they do not intake enough iron

Answer 4

Physiologic anemia-

Question 5

describe Physiologic anemia

Answer 5

All women are in a state of physiologic anemia due to the blood volume components of pregnancy. Increased blood volume of 1500ml is comprised of 500ml RBCs and 1000 Plasma

Question 6

what is another name of physiologic anemia

Answer 6

hemodilution

Question 7

nutrient needs during pregnancy

Answer 7

Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Zinc, Omega-3 fatty acids, Fluids, Minerals and vitamins (ie iron), protein, fluids

Question 8

water soluble vitamins

Answer 8

Folate and folic acid
Vitamin C
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B12

Question 9

how many extra calories per fetus

Answer 9

330

Question 10

Hgb less than 10mg/dl

Answer 10

Physiologic anemia

Question 11

what should you take a prenatal vitamin with

Answer 11

orange juice (absorbic acid) to increase iron absorption

Question 12

what substances should you not consume during pregnancy

Answer 12

alcohol, caffeine, artificial sweetners

Question 13

what is pica

Answer 13

abnormal cravings
ask pt “are you eating any non food substances”
this occurs due to anemia (lack of iron)

Question 14

pica examples

Answer 14

cotton balls, dirt, detergent, baking soda, corn starch

Question 15

what is normal weight gain

Answer 15

25-35 lbs if healthy BMI when starting

Question 16

factors to consider prior to exercise during pregnancy

Answer 16

Dehydration

Calorie intake

Question 17

nutrition related discomforts during pregnancy

Answer 17

Nausea and vomiting
Constipation
Heartburn (pyrosis)

Question 18

what are safe postpartum weight loss goals

Answer 18

Nonlactating women—0.5 to 0.9kg per week

Lactating women—1 kg per month

Question 19

Women who are pregnant should consume seafood that is

Answer 19

low in methylmercury (fetal brain damage)

Question 20

what common foods should pregnant women not eat

Answer 20

Do not eat non-pasteurized meats and cheese due to listeria risks (maternal/neonatal infection- miscarriage/preterm delivery)

Question 21

pregnancy complications related to nutrition

Answer 21

anemia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, and IUGR

Question 22

A woman in week 34 of gestation reports that she is very uncomfortable because of heartburn. The nurse suggests that the woman

Answer 22

eat five small meals daily