Labor

Question 1

cervical change and contractions increase in frequency and duration

Answer 1

true labor

Question 2

no cervical change and no contraction pattern

Answer 2

false labor

Question 3

what do you do when membranes rupture (water breaks)

Answer 3

you first listen to the fetal heart tones to assess for a change. Many times the cord may become compressed after ROM which may cause cord compression and hence, fetal hypoxia will result in fetal bradycardia (<110 beats per minute). Next, evaluate the color. Should be clear or straw colored with white flecks. If green or brown, this is meconium staining because of fetal hypoxia.

Question 4

what to assess for during membrane rupture

Answer 4

COLOR- want clear/straw color
ODOR- want no odor
AMOUNT- varies depending on how the head is applied to the cervix
TIME- do not want a term patient to go more than 18-24 hours ruptured due to risk for infection

Question 5

At what are the critical hours regarding ruptured membranes

Answer 5

Do not want a term mom to go more than 18-24 hours with ruptured membranes because this allows an increase in the risk for infection. 18 hours after the patient’s membranes have ruptured, give her antibiotics to decrease the risk of infection.

Question 6

What is the sequella for mom and baby for prolonged ruptured membranes without antibiotics?

Answer 6

without antibiotics include: fetal tachycardia due to infection (amnionitis), chorioamnionitis which may induce maternal fever, maternal and fetal tachycardia, uterine tenderness, and foul odor of amniotic fluid.

Question 7

nursing interventions after water breaks

Answer 7

temperature q1hr and antibiotics after 18 hrs

general hygeine, nutrient/fluid intake, elimination every 2 hrs, cath, bowel elimination

Question 8

what fetal positions make a c section necessary

Answer 8

Complete breech, single footling breech, shoulder presentation, or if cord between head and external OS

Question 9

what fetal station do you want baby at

Answer 9

≥ 0

Question 10

the contracting of the uterus back down

occurs in 4th stage of labor

Answer 10

uterine involution

Question 11

do not like to show any signs of weakness, women are extremely stoic during childbirth

Answer 11

somalia

Question 12

natural childbirth methods practiced; may labor silently; may not eat during labor; father may be present

Answer 12

japan

Question 13

Stoic response to pain; father usually not present; side-lying position is preferred for labor and birth because this position is thought to reduce infant trauma.

Answer 13

china

Question 14

natural childbirth methods preferred; father not usually present; female relatives usually present

Answer 14

india

Question 15

father not present; female support and female caregivers preferred

Answer 15

iran

Question 16

may be stoic about comfort until the second stage, and may then request pain relief; father and female relatives may be present

Answer 16

mexico

Question 17

may use squatting position for birth; father may or may not be present; female attendants preferred

Answer 17

laos

Question 18

Normal labor pattern called a partogram or Friedman’s graph

Answer 18

Friedman’s curve just addresses the trees/rocks or the highway. The primigravida graph is longer (trees, scrubs bushes) than the multipara graph (paved highway). First-time mom- it will be slower, if you’re are a multip, it is faster. The graph is important because if you are not laboring in the expected timeline, the baby may be too big or malpositioned. This may indicate a need for surgical intervention.

Question 19

breathing techniques can promote relaxation of the abdominal muscles and increase the size of the abdominal cavity which helps with discomfort

Answer 19

first stage breathing

Question 20

breathing is used to increase abdominal pressure and thereby assist in expelling the fetus

Answer 20

second stage breathing

Question 21

most associated with prepared childbirth and includes slow-paced, modified-paced, and patterned-paced (pant-blow) breathing techniques

Answer 21

paced breathing

Question 22

how many breaths per min

Answer 22

6-8 breaths per minute

Question 23

shallow and faster than her normal rate of breathing, but should not exceed twice her resting respiratory rate

Answer 23

modified paced breathing

Question 24

It is performed at the same rate as modified-paced breathing and consists of panting breaths combined with soft blowing breaths at regular intervals

Answer 24

Patterned-paced (pant-blow) breathing

Question 25

Undesirable reaction to pattern-paced breathing is

Answer 25

HYPERVENTILATION which can cause RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS

Question 26

Symptoms of respiratory alkalosis

Answer 26

Lightheadedness, dizziness, tingling of the fingers, circumoral numbness

Question 27

Relaxed breath in through nose and out through mouth. Used at the beginning and end of each contraction

Answer 27

cleansing breath

Question 28

(Approximately 6 to 8 Breaths per Minute): Performed at approximately half the normal breathing rate (number of breaths per minute divided by 2);

Answer 28

slow paced breathing