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Women's Health > Bleeding disorders > Flashcards

Bleeding disorders Flashcards

1
Q

door of the uterus

A

cervix

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2
Q

another word for bleeding disorders

A

hemorrhagic disorders

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3
Q

termination of pregnancy
before 20 wks
fetus is <500 g

A

abortion

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4
Q

social reasons for abortion (choice)

therapeutic reasons for abortion (illness to mother)

A

elective abortion

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5
Q

abortion due to natural causes

A

spontaneous

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6
Q

cervix is closed

spotting occurs

A

threatened abortion

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7
Q

cervix dilated

contents come out of uterus

A

inevitable abortion

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8
Q

fetus comes out but placenta is contained

problem for risk of infection (retained POC)

A

incomplete abortion

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9
Q

no POC retained

A

complete abortion

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10
Q

3 or more successive abortions

A

habitual

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11
Q

what could be the cause of habitual

A

cervical incompetence/insufficiency

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12
Q

cervix opens for no reason

can put in small suture to attempt to keep it closed

A

cervical incompetence

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13
Q

when do ectopic pregnancies usually occur

A

first trimester only

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14
Q

fertilized ovum s implanted outside uterine cavity

usually tubal but not always

A

ectopic pregnancy

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15
Q

what is the only place capable for developing a fetus

A

body of uterus

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16
Q

can an ectopic pregnancy be transferred

A

no, will not carry to term

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17
Q

what are the types of ectopic pregnancies

A

cervical, abdominal, ovarian, interstitial, isthmic, ampullar, fimbrial, tuboovarian

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18
Q

what are the CC of ectopic pregnancies

A

unilateral sharp abdominal pain (if tubal preg)

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19
Q

what will happen if ectopic pregnancy not identified

A

will rupture which will lead to SHOCK or massive hemorrhage

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20
Q

what are women with ectopic pregnancies given to terminate the pregnancy

A

methotrexate

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21
Q

what does FHT stand for

A

fetal heart tones

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22
Q

what is another word for trophoblastic disease

A

hydatidiform mole

23
Q

what is important to remember for hydatidiform mole

A

NO embryo NO fetus

24
Q

benign degenerative process of placenta

chronic villi degenerate into edematus, cystic, avascular transparent vesicles that hang in grape like clusters

A

trophoblastic disease

25
Q

does trophoblastic disease count as a pregnancy

A

YES
even though no fetus
chromosomes were incorrect

26
Q

fertilization of egg with no nucleus and no DNA
sperm nucleus duplicates itself
mole grows rapidly
created degenerative placenta

A

complete mole

27
Q

what can happen to a degenerative placenta

A

can rupture uterus

can cause vaginal expulsion of vesicles

28
Q

FERTILIZATION of normal egg with two sperm
mole grows rapidly
may have embryonic or fetal parts

A

partial mole

29
Q

what are two sperms (too much) called

A

triploid

30
Q

S/S of trophoblastic disease

A 
abnormal uterine bleeding
uterus larger than dates
anemia from blood loss
 excessive vomitting
abdominal cramps
preeclampsia prior to 20 wks
no FHT or fetal skeleton
31
Q

sequelae of trophoblastic disease

A

high risk for choriocarcinoma

malignancy, 15-20 % of women have evidence of persistent gestational trophoblastic

32
Q

what are choriocarcinoma patients given

A

prohoylactic chemo

methotrexate

33
Q

what position do we want the placenta in

A

high in fundus

34
Q

what lead to pregnancy loss

A

abortion, ectopic, and molar

35
Q

women with pregnancy loss need what

A

support and counseling

36
Q

placenta is malpositioned and attached in the lower uterine segment rather than the fundus

A

placenta previa

37
Q

placenta may migrate upward during pregnancy

extends to cervical OS

A

marginal/low lying (placenta previa)

38
Q

placenta partially covers cervical OS

A

partial (placenta previa)

39
Q

placenta completely covers cervical OS

A

total (placenta previa)

40
Q

what do you need to do if placenta previa found

A

C section

CANNOT deliver placenta before baby as baby will not have oxygen

41
Q

S/S of placenta previa

A

bright red vaginal bleeding
uterine tone is normal
PAINLESS

42
Q

premature separation of the placenta BEFORE birth

A

abruptio placenta

43
Q

small tear on placenta which clotted off

no clotting and no apparent vaginal bleeding

A

partial abruptio placenta

44
Q

placenta completely off uterine wall

may be concealed or frank bleeding

A

complete abruptio placenta

45
Q

S/S of abruptio placenta

A

dark uterine bleeding (concealed or apparent)
RIGID boardlike abdomen
PAINFUL-uterine/abdominal tenderness

46
Q

is abruptio placenta a medical emergency

A

YES, URGENT

may cause loss of life to mother and fetus

47
Q

this is a key hint of hemorrhage

A

Wide pulse (catch BEFORE escalates)

48
Q

first bleeding assessment

A

where is the bleeding coming from

49
Q

second bleeding assessment

A

how much blood is coming out?

measure in peripad saturation over time

50
Q

third bleeding assessment

A

change in vital signs?

51
Q

what vital signs are you watching for when bleeding?

A

1) widened pulse pressure (increase in BP?)
2) elevated HR (tachy)
3) change in BP (decrease in BP, systolic and diastolic)

52
Q

interventions for bleeding

A

1) call for help
2) give O2 per 10 L non rebreather
3) start IV lines and hang fluid replacement
4) monitor for FHT and be ready for potential surgery
5) monitor VITALS

53
Q

MAJOR responsibility of nurse during bleeding

A

start 1 or 2 large bore IV lives and hang fluid replacements

Women's Health (31 decks)

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