Maternal and Child Health Programs and Services

Question 1

What is the goal of the Safe Motherhood Program?

Answer 1

To decrease maternal mortality.

Question 2

How many routine antenatal visits did WHO recommend in 2010?
At least 4 visits:
1st visit:

2nd visit:

3rd visit:

4th visit:

Answer 2

1st visit: Before 4 months

2nd visit: At 6 months

3rd visit: At 8 months

4th visit: At 9 months

Question 3

What is the current WHO recommendation for antenatal visits?

Answer 3

At least 8 visits.

Question 4

Prenatal Care (Antenatal Visits)
What is the minimum number of prenatal visits?

Answer 4

4 visits.

Question 5

What are key activities done at prenatal visits?

Answer 5

Home-based mother’s record

Encourage facility-based delivery

Question 6

What assessments are done during prenatal visits?
Age:

Height and weight:

Menstrual history:

CBC:

Answer 6

Age: High-risk pregnancies occur in mothers younger than 18 or older than 35.

Height and weight: Obese mothers are at risk for macrosomia, cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD), and uterine atony.

Menstrual history: Assesses gestational age.

CBC: Screens for anemia and infections.

Question 7

High-Risk Pregnancies (5 Too’s)

Answer 7

Too young

Too old

Too many pregnancies

Too close pregnancies

Too sick

Question 8

What vaccine is given to pregnant women to protect against tetanus?

Answer 8

Tetanus Diphtheria (TD).

Question 9

When is the first TD shot given?

Answer 9

At least 2 weeks before delivery.

Question 10

How many TD shots are needed for a fully immunized mother (FIM)?

Answer 10

5 shots (minimum of 3 for partial protection).

Question 11

What should be done if a child <5 years old reacts to the pentavalent vaccine after the first dose?

Answer 11

The 2nd and 3rd doses are no longer given; the child can receive the TD shot instead.

Question 12

Why is Vitamin A given to mothers?

Answer 12

To prevent Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD).

Question 13

Why should Vitamin A not be given early in pregnancy?

Answer 13

It can cause congenital defects.

Question 14

Can a pregnant woman take Vitamin A if she is already taking multivitamins?

Answer 14

No

Question 15

What is the highest dose of Vitamin A that can be given to a child?

Answer 15

200,000 IU (except for pregnant women).

Question 16

What is the preparation and Dose/Duration of giving Vitamin A to Pregnant Women?

Answer 16

Preparation: 10,000 IU
Dose/Duration: 1 cap (within 4 weeks after delivery)

Question 17

What is the preparation and Dose/Duration of giving Vitamin A to Postpartum Women?

Answer 17

Preparation: 200,000 IU
Dose/Duration: 1 cap (within 4 weeks after delivery)

Question 18

Why is iodine supplementation not commonly taken?

Answer 18

Because iodine is already present in food.

Question 19

What is the preparation and dose/duration of iodine supplementation to School-age?

Answer 19

Preparation: Iodized oil capsule (200mg iodine)
Dose/Duration: 1 cap per year

Question 20

What is the preparation and dose/duration of iodine supplementation to Pregnant Women?

Answer 20

Preparation: Iodized oil capsule (200mg iodine)
Dose/Duration: 1 cap per year

Question 21

What is the preparation and dose/duration of iodine supplementation to Postpartum Women?

Answer 21

Preparation: Iodized oil capsule (200mg iodine)
Dose/Duration: 1 cap per year

Question 22

What are the EINC practices during labor and delivery?

Answer 22

Continuous maternal support by a companion of choice

Mobility during labor

Position of choice during labor and delivery

Non-drug pain relief before offering anesthesia

Spontaneous pushing in a semi-upright position

Episiotomy only if necessary

Active management of the third stage of labor

Monitoring labor progress using a partograph

Question 23

What is the minimum number of postnatal visits?

Answer 23

2 visits.

Question 24

1st Visit and 2nd Visit according to WHO/UNICEF/DOH/CPG 2005-2006

Answer 24

1st Visit - First 24–48 hours
2nd Visit - 6 weeks after delivery

Question 25

1st Visit and 2nd Visit according to PIH 2007 Book

Answer 25

1st Visit - Within 3–5 days 2nd Visit - 6 weeks after delivery

Question 26

RA 11148 – The First 1000 Days Why is the first 1000 days important?

Answer 26

It is a period of rapid growth where nutrient deficiencies can have long-term consequences on learning, health, and success.

Question 27

How does good nutrition during the first 1000 days benefit a child?

Answer 27

Maximizes growth, learning, and development Prevents malnutrition-related diseases Supports national and global development goals

Question 28

EINC: Unang Yakap What is the goal of Unang Yakap?

Answer 28

To reduce neonatal mortality, especially from infections, hypothermia, and hypoglycemia.

Question 29

When was Unang Yakap implemented?

Answer 29

December 1, 2009.

Question 30

What policy established Unang Yakap?

Answer 30

AO 2009-0025.

Question 31

What are the four time-bound interventions of EINC?

Answer 31

Immediate drying: Done within 30 seconds to 1 minute to warm and stimulate breathing. Skin-to-skin contact: Prevents hypothermia, infection, and hypoglycemia. Properly timed cord clamping and cutting: Done 1–3 minutes after birth to prevent anemia and brain hemorrhage. Non-separation for early breastfeeding: Protects infants from infection and provides colostrum, the baby’s first immunization.

Question 32

Newborn Screening (NBS) What law mandates newborn screening?

Answer 32

RA 9288 – Newborn Screening Act of 2004.

Question 33

What is the purpose of NBS?

Answer 33

To detect congenital metabolic disorders that may cause mental retardation or death if untreated.

Question 34

What is the difference between Basic and Expanded NBS?

Answer 34

Basic NBS: Screens for 6 diseases. Expanded NBS: Screens for 28 diseases.

Question 35

When should newborn screening ideally be done?

Answer 35

Between 48–72 hours (2–3 days) of life, but at least 24 hours after birth.

Question 36

What is the process of newborn screening?

Answer 36

Heel prick method to collect blood. Blood dried for 4 hours and sent to the NBS center. Results available within 7 working days. If positive, a confirmatory test is done within 24 hours, and the baby is referred to a specialist.

Question 37

Newborn Hearing Test What law mandates newborn hearing screening?

Answer 37

RA 9709.

Question 38

What is the purpose of the newborn hearing test?

Answer 38

To detect and prevent hearing disabilities that may impair learning.

Question 39

When is the otoacoustic emission test done?

Answer 39

One day after birth.

Question 40

Breastfeeding TSEK (Tama, Sapat, Eksklusibo) When was Breastfeeding TSEK launched?

Answer 40

February 23, 2011.

Question 41

What is the goal of Breastfeeding TSEK?

Answer 41

To encourage mothers, especially in urban areas, to exclusively breastfeed for the first 6 months.

Question 42

Why is exclusive breastfeeding recommended for 6 months?

Answer 42

Provides complete nutrition Strengthens immunity Promotes bonding Cost-efficient

Question 43

What is the recommended breastfeeding frequency? At least 8 times in 24 hours:

Answer 43

6 times during the day 2 times at night

Question 44

When should supplementary feeding start?

Answer 44

At 6 months, while continuing breastfeeding up to 2 years or beyond.

Question 45

What can help increase milk production?

Answer 45

consumption of galactagogues like malunggay.