material properties Flashcards

Question

layout paper

Answer 1

50 gsm pros - translucent so can be used to trace, accepts most media cons - quite expensive

Answer 2

>50 gsm used for industrial use pros - stronger than copier, durable, high quality surface, cheap cons - has a water mark

Answer 3

70-300 gsm pros - coated with clay to make a smooth surface, range of finishes eg. matte/gloss cons - relatively expensive

Answer 4

bleached white outer layer - unbleached yellowy middle layer - bleached inner layer Pros - excellent for scoring, accepts print well Cons - not as strong as solid white board

Answer 5

2 or more layers of fluted paper between two paper liners Pros - impacts resistant, cheap Cons - looks cheap, not water resistant, deforms under pressure

Answer 6

thick layer of pure bleached wood pulp Pros - strong, rigid, accepts print well Cons - expensive

Answer 7

1000-1500 microns thick board with only one side having a colour pros - thick, high quality, strong, rigid cons - expensive

Answer 8

laminated with foil pros - strong, retains heat, excellent moisture barrier cons - expensive

Answer 9

contain iron

Answer 10

iron and 1-3% carbon - melts at 1400 c

Answer 11

tough, ductile, malleable, magnetic, poor corrosion resistance, easily joined

Answer 12

steel, 10.5-18% chromium, 8% nickel and 8% manganese - melts at 1400 c

Answer 13

corrosion resistant, hard, tough

Answer 14

iron 2-6% carbon - melts 1200 c

Answer 15

hard skin, soft core, brittle, corrosion resistant

Answer 16

don't contain iron

Answer 17

pure metal - melt at 600 c

Answer 18

malleable, corrosion resistant, ductile, easily machined, good strength to weight ratio

Answer 19

pure metal - 1100 c

Answer 20

ductile, malleable, dense, good conductor, corrosion resistant, tough, easily machined

Answer 21

65% copper 35% zinc - melts at 900/940 degrees

Answer 22

harder than copper, easily machined, easily casted, corrosion resistant

Answer 23

once set if heated they can be reformed because there are less links in the chain to be broken

Answer 24

flexible, tough, excellent chemical resistance

Answer 25

higher strength to weight ratio than LDPE and harder

Answer 26

tough, flexible, excellent fatigue resistance so wont break when bent

Answer 27

hard, tough, high PH resistance

Answer 28

can be rigid or flexible if plasticiser is added

Answer 29

easily scratched, brittle, food safe, easily cleaned

Answer 30

stiff, lightweight, tough/impact resistant, easily scratched, brittle in UV

Answer 31

lightweight, insulator, degrades over time, can be injection moulded and vacuum formed

Answer 32

once set cant be reheated and reformed because there are too many links in the polymer chains that they burn before the links are broken

Answer 33

rigid, brittle, chemical resistant, excellent bonding agent

Answer 34

rigid, hard, good electrical insulation, glossy

Answer 35

clear, hard, tough, chemical resistance, good joinability, must be mixed with a catalyst to harden

Answer 36

dichloromethane which dissolves the surface of hard plastics and causes them to "weld" together and is used for edge gluing meaning the parts are already together and you run a bead down the joint pros - strong bond and rapid initial bonding cons - messy, relatively expensive and contains volatile organic compounds (VOC's)

Answer 37

melts the plastic and bonds them together and is good for ABS or HIIP's pros - fast bond and can be applied with a brush so is neater than acrylic cement cons - contains VOC's

Answer 38

water based adhesive that soaks into the wood and knits the grain together making a very strong bond pros - strong joint, relatively cheap and water based cons - takes a long time to set and needs to be clamped for a good bond, only works on porous materials and can degrade when wet

Answer 39

thermo forming polymer that is heated up and pushed through a heated nozzle to increase accuracy pros - very fast and holds most materials for modelling cons - messy and doesn't have strong bond

Answer 40

made of an acrylic resin that sets when it is in contact with moisture and is a single component resin that provides and instant bond pros - has many different viscosities and is strong as well as fast cons - short shelf life, glues skin incredibly fast and can only bond materials that have moisture in them or that moisture can be applied to

Answer 41

warp and weft are 90 degrees from each other creating a criss-cross pattern

Answer 42

stiff, good printability, hardwearing, strong, cheap to produce

Answer 43

each weft goes over two or more warp and then only goes over one to make a diagonal pattern

Answer 44

thick, hangs well, frays, more interesting to look at than plain weave

Answer 45

a material that changes due to stimuli in the external environment such as heat, light electricity, pressure etc.

Answer 46

don't occur naturally but are existing materials that have been altered to improve their properties

Answer 47

made from a reinforcing material and a bonding agent called a matrix

Answer 48

often deciduous tress that lose their leaves and take up to 100 years to grow

Answer 49

strong, durable, attractive aesthetics, finishes well. expensive, hard to work with, corrodes steel and iron

Answer 50

dark red/brown in appearance attractive finish, easy to work. expensive, hard to sustainably source, oils cause skin and breathing problems

Answer 51

tough, doesn't crack or splinter because it is very stable, hard, expensive, not moisture resistant

Answer 52

light, easy to work. weak, soft

Answer 53

close even grain, easy to cut and shape. soft and not strong so mainly used for models and moulds

Answer 54

regular even grain, easy to work. low resistance to insects and rot used to make plywood

Answer 55

strong, tough, flexible, finishes well. low resistance to insects and rot used for steam bending

Answer 56

usually coniferous and take up to 25 years to grow

Answer 57

yellowy in colour very durable, easy to work, reasonably strong but light weight, relatively cheap. can warp and crack and is prone to splintering

Answer 58

natural oils make it resistant to water and fungal growth more expensive than pine and isn't as strong

Answer 59

orange colour and fades to silvery grey tough, durable, and water resistant. costs more than other softwoods

Answer 60

Pros - warm, absorbent, breathable, durable Cons - dries slowly, can feel itchy, washes poorly, prone to insect attack

Answer 61

Pros - cool, absorbent, soft, durable Cons - creases easily, burns, slow drying, shrinks

Answer 62

Pros - strong when wet or dry, dries quick, soft, hangs well Cons - damaged by acids, low warmth, does not breath, not eco friendly

Answer 63

Pros - warm, dries quick, drapes well, durable Cons - poor absorbency, feels stiff, can irritate skin

Answer 64

Simple cotton cloth, warp and weft criss cross Pros - strong, hardwearing, cheap to make, good background for printing Cons - quality can vary

Answer 65

The weft goes over two or more warp threads to make a diagonal pattern. Denim is blue in the warp and white in the weft Pros - hardwearing, strong, less stiff, hangs well. Cons - frays, thickness makes it hard to use

Answer 66

Wet wool fibres are rubbed to tangle them together and then bonded with heat and pressure Pros - resists chemicals and fire, doesn’t fray, excellent sound insulation, eco friendly. Cons - expensive, doesn’t drape, deforms when wet.

Answer 67

Fabric is bonded together by chemical mechanical heat or solvents. Pros - doesn’t fray, cheap to produce, retains shape Cons - not strong, weaker when wet, doesn’t drape

Answer 68

Formed by vertical loops like a series of chains, can only be made by machine Pros - stretchy, retains heat, doesn’t unravel Cons - can lose shape, curls at the edges

Answer 69

A single yarn creates interlocking loops across the fabric, if a loop breaks a hole forms and ladders. Can be hand or machine made Pros - stretchy, comfortable, fast to make Cons - ladders easily

Answer 70

Wood chips are mixed with glue Pros - uses waste material Cons - looks ugly, glue destroys saw blades and tools, surface is very rough, not strong as there is no grain

Answer 71

Tree trunk is cut into veneers these are layered at different angles and glued while supplying heat and pressure to bond Pros - flat, structurally strong as fibres going in both directions, looks nice as natural grain, resistant to warping cracking and twisting Cons - quite expensive, can deform when wet, edges look rough

Answer 72

Wood dust and fibres are glued together and pressed into flat sheets Pros - uses waste material such as saw dust, cheap, smooth surface with no grain good for finishes, easy to machine Cons - weak when wet, looks cheap, glue clogs up machinery, no structural integrity

Answer 73

Glass reinforced plastic Boat hulls and flooring Pros - easily formed, sand able smooth, colour can be added Cons - fibres cause respiratory problems so requires ppe

Answer 74

Carbon fibre reinforced plastic Plastic with free or woven carbon sheets Propellers, body armour Pros - easily formed, sand able smooth, colour can be added, excellent strength to weight ratio Cons - fibres cause respiratory problems so ppe is required

Answer 75

Resins are combined with cotton fabrics to make inflammable laminated plastics Gears and bearings and timber substitute for outside Pros - strong, tough, insulator, lightweight Cons - can be expensive

Answer 76

Cement, aggregate, sand and water and can also have rebar Pros - compressive strength, can last 100 years, rebar increases tensile strength Cons - low tensile/ shear strength, steel corrosion damage, fire and freezing damage

Answer 77

Laminated wood glued together Construction beams Pros - lighter than steel or concrete, span larger gaps than solid beams, can be curved to shape Cons - requires treatment to be used