machinery

Question 1

tools

Answer 1

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Question 2

try square

Answer 2

used to mark a line 90 degrees from the edge

Question 3

marking gauge

Answer 3

used to mark a line parallel to an edge because the scribing point scratches a line into the timber

Question 4

pillar drill

Answer 4

drill is held flat on a table and drills accurate 90 degree holes that are straight

Question 5

hand drill

Answer 5

good for use on pieces that are hard to move

Question 6

drilling

Answer 6

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Question 7

twist drill

Answer 7

flutes in the bit lift waste out of the hole.
pros - readily available in many sizes from very small up
cons - usually only up to 13mm, deep holes can block flutes

Question 8

flat bit

Answer 8

drilling larger holes in wood
pros - centre spur gives an accurate starting point, drills quickly
cons - can not be used to make an existing hole bigger

Question 9

forstner bit

Answer 9

drilling flat bottomed holes in wood
pros - can bore deep holes in wood
cons - slower than a flat bit

Question 10

auger

Answer 10

drilling deep holes in wood
pros - can boor deep holes, screw on the front is self centring
cons - needs to be used at a slow speed so takes a long time

Question 11

hole saw

Answer 11

cutting large holes
pros - can make large holes in a sheet of wood
cons - only good for quite thin material because it can only cut to the height of the saw, limited in range of sizes available

Question 12

cutting

Answer 12

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Question 13

hand saw

Answer 13

used to cut large pieces of wood
pros - can cut long deep cuts through large planks
cons - blade can bend so it is hard to make a straight cut, harder work than a power saw

Question 14

tenon saw

Answer 14

used to cut smaller pieces of wood and accurate detail eg. joints
pros - stiffened blade makes it easier to cut precise and straight lines
cons - stiffened blade means it cant cut deeper than the blade as the spine is thicker than the blade

Question 15

coping saw

Answer 15

used to cut curves out of thin wood and boards
pros - thin blade can go through curves, blade can be taken out and put through holes to cut internal shapes
cons - blade can snap easily, small teeth means it saws slowly

Question 16

scroll saw

Answer 16

used to cut shapes out of thin bits of wood and boards
pros - can cut fine, accurate detail
cons - can only cut thin bits of wood

Question 17

jigsaw

Answer 17

the blade goes up and down and is used to cut large boards that are clamped down
pros - can cut quite quickly, thin blade can cut curved shapes
cons - difficult to cut straight lines, blade can move in thicker materials

Question 18

shapers

Answer 18

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Question 19

plane

Answer 19

has a sharp blade which protrudes from a base plate to remove wood from edges of timber
pros - can be in many lengths, easy to adjust depth of cut
cons - blade must be kept sharp

Question 20

chisel

Answer 20

has a sharp edge to slice off pieces of timber but is hard work especially across the grain

Question 21

lathe

Answer 21

turns a piece of timber and an operator can hold a chisel against it to chisel wood away creating a circular shape

Question 22

file

Answer 22

circular, half circle, square in shape
pros - good for smoothing and shaping
cons - small teeth are slow in wood

Question 23

rasp

Answer 23

circular, half circle, square in shape
pros - large teeth make shaping quick, good for roughly shaping
cons - big teeth leave marks which need removing after

Question 24

surform

Answer 24

a frame holed a blade with pressed teeth like a cheese grater
pros - good for rough shaping of soft materials, blade can easily be removed and replaced
cons - teeth leave a rough surface, hard to use on hard woods

Question 25

Milling

Answer 25

Using rotary cutters to remove material from a workpiece by feeding the part into a cutter, means it is very precise

Tee slot bit, the cutter is cylindrical but larger than the part that slots into the chuck

Slot drill, the cutter is the same size as the part that slots into the chuck

Dovetail cutter, the cutter bows out at the bottom

Question 26

Centre lathe

Answer 26

Used to manufacture cylindrical shaped, either by computers or human operators using a tungsten carbide cutting bit

Knurling - using two marked cylinders to press a criss cross pattern onto the work

Parting off - cutting a part off using a parting tool to cut all the way through

Wood lather has a tool bar to rest chisels on rather than an inbuilt cutting bit

Question 27

Flame cutting

Answer 27

Uses oxyacetylene gas to create a flame of 3500 degrees

This is used to cut through very thick sheets of metal

(Oxypropane is much safer)

Question 28

Laser cutting

Answer 28

• used laser to cut materials and is typically used for industrial manufacture
• cant cut metal plate unless a fibre optic laser is used

Pros - fast and high accuracy, can be used with cnc, higher quality finish than flame cutting

Cons - can only cut things that fit in it, can only cut thin metal plate even with fibre optics

Question 29

Stamping

Answer 29

A large cookie cutter is pressed into the metal sheet to cut out the required shape, can only cut the shape it is set to and another stamp must be made to change the cut