Massage

Question 1

What are the mechanical effects?

Answer 1

Mobilisation of tissue:

skin, remove dead surface cells
contractile + non-contractile,
scar, stimulate collagen to stimulate from type 3 to type 1 and influence lines of fibres

Movement of fluid:

oedema, stimulate histamine activating mask cells
lymph/blood, increase blood flow to tissues
mucus, vibrations loosen mucus

Question 2

What are the msk physiological effects?

Answer 2

Decrease tone
Decrease oedema 
Decrease discomfort 
Increase flexibility 
Enhance new tissue flexibility

Question 3

What are the neuro physiological effects?

Answer 3

Somatic: stimulate mechanoreceptors in c fibres to block pain (pain gate theory)

Autonomic: fluid balance increase/decrease HR. Receptor sensitivity make mechanoreceptors more sensitive

Question 4

What are the circulatory physiological effects?

Answer 4

Venous and lymphatic flow, push toxins away and increase blood flow thus nutrients

Skin reddening, increase blood flow

Question 5

What are the psychological effects of massage?

Answer 5

Reduce anxiety
Reduce muscle tension
Reduce perceived pain
Increase mood
Increase relaxation

Question 6

What are some ethical considerations?

Answer 6

Consent - verbally and physically 
Contra transference and  transference 
Maintain boundaries 
Maintain privacy 
Clear communication 
Respect 
Notice emotional responses

Question 7

Indications for massage?

Answer 7

Soft tissue damage
Oedema
Venous ulcers
Pain

Question 8

Contraindications for massage

Answer 8

Open wound
Early bruising
Fungal infection
Febrile (fever) conditions 
Acute inflammation
Active bone growth 
Over foreign body
Undiagnosed cancer 
Active malignancy

Question 9

What three effects does massage have

Answer 9

Mechanical
Physiological: msk, neuro and circulatory
Psychological

Question 10

What are the massage techniques

Answer 10

Stroking
Effleurage
Petrissage

Question 11

What effect does stroking have

Answer 11

Application of massage medium 
Habituation of touch 
Desensitisation 
Relaxation when slow 
Stimulation when fast 
Decrease muscle tone

Question 12

What effect does effleurage have

Answer 12

Aid venous and lymph return 
Aid tissue fluid interchange 
Aid removal of chemical irritants 
Improve tissue mobility
Deep - increase muscle tone
Light - decrease muscle tone 
Passively stretch muscle fibres

Question 13

What effect does petrissage have

Answer 13

(Kneading, wringing, rolling, picking up, shaking)

Aid venous and lymph return
Aid tissue fluid interchange 
Aid removal of chemical irritants 
Improve tissue mobility 
Increase mobility of fibrous tissue
Increase connective tissue strength 
Reflex effects