MARY I FOREIGN POLICY

Question 1

WHAT were Mary I’s main foreign policy aims?

Answer 1

1) Restore England to papal supremacy
2) Marry Philip, heir to the Spanish throne

Question 2

WHAT prevented Mary I from achieving her foreign policy aims?

Answer 2

There was a conflict between the two: by marrying Philip, England couldn’t be neutral in the Franco-Spanish conflict. England was dragged into a war against France, and the anti-Spanish Pope Paul IV was on France’s side.

Question 3

WHEN did war against France start during Mary I’s reign?

Answer 3

1557

Question 4

WHAT were the successes and failures of England’s war with France 1557-58?

Answer 4

SUCCESSES:
- Successful siege of St. Quentin with the Spanish
- England successfully dealt with a minor incursion by Scotland.
FAILURES:
- January 1558: England lost Calais, and made no attempts to recapture it
- Other minor failures

Question 5

WHEN did England lose Calais?

Answer 5

1558

Question 6

WHAT reforms were made to the navy under Mary I?

Answer 6

• Reorganisation of administration and finance
• 6 new ships built and many repaired
• Crown finances budgeted for peacetime allocation of £14,000 (reduced under E)

Question 7

WHAT reforms did Mary I make to the military?

Answer 7

• Reformed methods for raising troops at the end of her reign, using Parliament
• Nobles appointed by the Crown were now being used to raise troops in each county, rather than the traditional feudal system

Question 8

HOW successful were the navy/militia reforms made under Mary I?

Answer 8

While they were less successfully implemented during her reign, they worked effectively and efficiently. In long term, they laid basis for the navy that defeated the Spanish Armada under Elizabeth.