Manual Muscle Testing Grades

Question 1

Zero (0/5)

Answer 1

Demonstrates no palpable muscle contraction

Question 2

Trace (1/5)

Answer 2

Muscle contraction can be palpated but there is no joint movement

Question 3

Poor Minus (2-/5)

Answer 3

Cannot complete ROM in a gravity-eliminated position

Question 4

Poor (2/5)

Answer 4

Can complete ROM in a gravity-eliminated position

Question 5

Poor Plus (2+/5)

Answer 5

Able to initiate movement against gravity

Question 6

Fair Minus (3-/5)

Answer 6

Does not complete ROM against gravity, but does complete more than half of the range

Question 7

Fair (3/5)

Answer 7

Completes ROM against gravity without manual resistance

Question 8

Fair Plus (3+/5)

Answer 8

Completes ROM against gravity with only minimal resistance

Question 9

Good Minus (4-/5)

Answer 9

Completes ROM against gravity with minimal-moderate resistance

Question 10

Good (4/5)

Answer 10

Completes ROM against gravity with moderate resistance

Question 11

Good Plus (4+/5)

Answer 11

Completes ROM against gravity with moderate-maximal resistance

Question 12

Normal (5/5)

Answer 12

Completes ROM against gravity with maximal resistance