Male Reproductive System

Question 1

Penis

Answer 1

1. Corpus Spongiosum (surrounds urethra)
2. Corpus Cavernosum (sponge-like erectile tissue)

Question 2

Scrotum

Answer 2

Cremaster Muscle(skeletal muscle)
Dartos (fascia and smooth muscle)
Pampiniform Plexus
Temp Regulation (3 degrees celcius below body temp)

Question 3

Testis

Answer 3

seminiferous tubules
rete testis
epididymis (capacitation)
vas deferens (smooth muscle for propulsion of sperm)
spermatic cord (vas deferens + spermatic Art +Vein)

Question 4

Seminal Vesicle

Answer 4

ejaculatory duct

Question 5

Cowpers gland function

Answer 5

mucous production

Question 6

Leydig or Interstitial Cells

Answer 6

produce testosterone, stimulated by LH from the Ant. Pit. Test is negative feedback to Ant. Pit. and hypothalamus

95% of testosterone is produced in the Tesis Leydig cells

outside the seminferous tissue

Question 7

Basal Lamina

Answer 7

makes up the blood/testis barrier

Question 8

Sertoli Cells

Answer 8

nutrition of spermatozoa, helps the blood/testis barrier, produces Androgen Binding Protein, Produces inhibin hormone(negative feedback to Ant. Pit.)

stimulated by FSH

Question 9

Spermatogenesis

Answer 9

64 day cycle
1. Spermatogonia
2. Primary spermatocyte
3. secondary spermatocyte
4. spermatids
5. spermatozoa

Question 10

Spermatogonia

Answer 10

46 chromosomes, XY

Question 11

Primary Spermatocyte

Answer 11

46 chromosomes, XY, replicated

Question 12

Secondary Spermatocyte

Answer 12

23 chromosomes, XY, replicated

Question 13

Spermatids

Answer 13

23 chromosomes, XY, haploid

Question 14

Spermatozoa

Answer 14

spermatids with flagella

48 hr lifespan

underwent a morphology change, 23 chromosomes, XY, haploid

Question 15

Spermiogenisis

Answer 15

change from Spermatids to Spermatozoa,
1. acrosoma cap forms
2. flagellum form
3. mitochondria group around the flagella
4. excess cytoplasm is discharged
5. chromatin condenses

Question 16

Hormonal Control of the Male Reproductive Syndrome

Answer 16

1. GnRH from the hypothamus is released
2. stimulated the release of LH and FSH from the Ant. Pit.

GnRH - gonadal peptide releaseing hormone

mostly happens at night

Question 17

Androgen Binding Protein

Answer 17

Testosterone Magnet

Question 18

Testosterone Forms

Answer 18

the principle circulating form is testosterone, the most potent activated form is Dihydrotestosterone,

testosterone is primarily converted in peripheral tissues

Question 19

Circulitory Transport of Testosterone

Answer 19

1. 38% is bound to Albumin transporters
2. 60% is bound to SHBG(sex hormone binding globulin)
3. 2% is unbound and able to be exchanged with bound plasma fractions

Question 20

Cellular Action of Testosterone

Answer 20

1. plasma exchange between protein bound and free testosterone
2. free T travels through membrane
3. binds to cytoplasmic enzyme 5a reductase(converts T to dihydrotestosterone)
4. stimulates nuclear transcription

Question 21

Proscar

Answer 21

benign prostate hypertrophy

Question 22

Propecia

Answer 22

male pattern baldness

Question 23

General Effects of Testosterone

Answer 23

1. skeletal and muscle growth
2. stimulates erythropoeisis
3. stimulates metablic rate
4. stimulates sebaceous gland activity
5. growth and distribution of body hair

Question 24

Anabolic Effects of Testosterone

Answer 24

1. increase in nitrogen, phosphorus and sodium
2. enlargement of genitalia
3. accessory reproductive glands gametogenesis
4. maturation of sperm and ducts
5. increases dominance and aggressive behavior

Question 25

Semen

Answer 25

100 million spermatozoa per ml, about 6-8ml, basic pH, made of fructose, vitamin C, Hormones, Acid Phosphotase, zinc, cholesterol

seminal vesicle holds 60% of volume, prostate gland holds 40%

Question 26

Erection

Answer 26

response to erotic stimuli, higher brain centers activated, parasympathetic response, dilation of ateries, venous outflow blocked

Question 27

Ejaculation

Answer 27

spinal reflex, contraction of Vas Deferns and Bulbocavernosus muscle