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Bio 472 > Blood and Body Fluids > Flashcards

Blood and Body Fluids Flashcards

1
Q

Body Fluid % of body weight

A

60% of body weight

42L

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2
Q

Intracellular Fluid % of Body weight

A

40% of body weight

28L

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3
Q

Extracellular Fluid % Body weight

A

20% of body weight

14L

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4
Q

Extracellular Fluid Types

A

Interstitial Fluid(15%), Plasma(5%)

% are of total body weight

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5
Q

Blood and Hematopoietic Tissue Classification

A

Specialized Connective Tissue

Bone Origin

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6
Q

Blood and Hematopoietic Tissue Functions

A
  1. Gas Exchange
  2. pH Regulation (7.35-7.45)
  3. Electrolyte Balance
  4. Nutrient Transport
  5. Hormone Transport
  6. Thermoregulation (100.4 F)
  7. Immune System
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7
Q

Amount of Blood in the Body

A

5-6 L in men
4-5 L in women

8% of body weight

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8
Q

Plasma Component

A

55% of blood volume,

made of water, proteins, and ions,

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9
Q

Proteins in Plasma

A

Albumins and Globulins, Fibrinogen

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10
Q

Albumins and Globulins

A

from the liver, carrier function

located in plasma

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11
Q

Fibrinogen

A

clotting

located in plasma

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12
Q

Ions in Plasma

A

mostly Na+

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13
Q

Oncotic Pressure

A

pressure that causes fluid to move into capillaries

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14
Q

Formed Elements (Cellular Component)

A
  1. Erythrocytes
  2. Leukocytes
  3. Platelets

45% of blood volume

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15
Q

Erythrocytes

A

contians hemoglobin

Red Blood Cells

lacks nuclei, biconcave disc, 120 day life cycle

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16
Q

Hematocrit

A

volume percentage of red blood cells in blood

40%-50%

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17
Q

Reticulocytes

A

immature red blood cells

erythrocyte precursor

made in the bone marrow and sent to the bloodstream, lasts one day before turning into a erythrocyte

18
Q

Erythropoietin

A

stimulates red blood cell production in bone marrow

secreted by the Kidneys in response to cellular hypoxia

19
Q

hemoglobin

A

red protein responsible for transporting oxygen

2/3 of body iron, other 1/3 is in the liver,

20
Q

Ferritin

A

stores and releases iron

in the liver

21
Q

Transferritin

A

proteins that bind to and mediate transport of Iron through plasma

from Liver to Bone Marrow

22
Q

Kuffler Cells

A

break down RBCs into iron and Bilirubin

in the liver

23
Q

Bilirubin

A

binds to albumin

24
Q

Interstital Fluid

A

small transcellular compartment

synovium, pericardium, CFS, eye

25
Q

Thrombus

A

stational clot

26
Q

Embolus

A

clot that migrates

27
Q

Vessel Reaction to clot

A
  1. Platelets swell, release Thromboxanes
  2. Platelets aggregate and adhere
  3. Fibrin reaction
  4. Vasoconstriction, clot retraction
28
Q

Basic Fibrin Mechanism

A
  1. Prothrombin + Ca++, + prothrombin activator yields thrombin
  2. Thrombin activates Fibrinogen to be converted to Fibrin
  3. Fibrin is further stabilized by Factor XIII
29
Q

plasminogen

A

Produces plasmin, can disolve fibrin clots

plasmin is a natural body anticoagulant

activates by factor XIII

30
Q

Extrinsic Pathway

A
  1. Tissue factors activate Factor VII
  2. Factor VII activates Factor X
  3. Factor X + Ca + Factor V activates prothrombin cascade

damage to tissue

31
Q

Intrinsic Pathway

A
  1. Collagen or wettable surface activate Factor XII
  2. activates Factor XI
  3. activates Factor IX
  4. activates Factor VIII
  5. activates Factor X with V and Ca, activates prothrombin cascade
32
Q

What factor do Hemophiliacs lack?

A

Factor VIII

33
Q

Heparin

A

activates antithrombin III

anticoagulant

34
Q

Ca++ Chelators

A

sodium citrate

anticoagulant

35
Q

Siliconized Glass

A

prevents platelet response

anticoagulant

36
Q

Warfarin/Coumarin

A

competes at liver with vitamin K

vitamin K is essential for prothrombin, VII, IX, and X assembly

can be reversed with Vitamin K administration, diet can interfere, time tested, anticoagulant

37
Q

Elliquis/Xarelto

A

Factor Xa inhibitor

blocks thrombin formation

38
Q

Pradaxa

A

direct thrombin inhibitor

39
Q

All new Anticoagulant agents have these traits

A
  1. Block Thrombin Formation
  2. Not immedietly reversible
  3. emergency surgery implicaitons
  4. 3-4x more expensive, but easier to use

Elliquis, Xarelto, Pradaxa

40
Q

t-PA

A

tissue Plasminogen Activator

Clot Buster

Produces Plasmin (natural body anticoagulant) from vascular epithelium

41
Q

Streptokinase

A

clot buster made from Streptococci bacteria

Clot Buster

42
Q

Septic Shock

A

bacteria endotoxins trigger clotting mechanism

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

plugs small vessels but bleeding may be triggered

Bio 472 (23 decks)

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