MALARIA Flashcards
Bite protection
- Mosquito nets impregnated with permethrin
- Diethyltoluamide (DEET) 20-50% (50% lasts longer protection)
DEET
o Suitable for anyone over 2 months old
o Avoid ingestion - was hands before eating
o Suitable for pregnancy and breastfeeding (wash breast before feeding)
o Apply DEET after sunscreen
DEET reduces SPF of sunscreen - use high SPF lotion
DEET and pregnancy
Suitable for pregnancy and breastfeeding (wash breast before feeding)
DEET and sunscreen
DEET reduces SPF of sunscreen - use high SPF lotion
DEET after sunscreen
Prophylaxis treatment
Malarone
Chloroquine
Proguanil
Mefloquine
Doxycycline
Malarone
1-2 days before travel
1 daily
1 week after travel
Max use: 1 year
Chloroquine
1 week before travel
1 weekly
4 weeks after travel
long term
proguanil
1 week before travel
1 daily
4 weeks after travel
long term
mefloquine
2-3 weeks before travel
1 weekly
4 weeks after travel
Max use: 1 year
Doxycycline
1-2 days before travel
1 daily
4 weeks after travel
max use: 2 yrs
prophylaxis should be continued for 4 weeks after leaving the area, except for the following which should be stopped one week after leaving
atovaquone with proguanil hydrochloride
Illness occurring within 1 year, especially 3 months of return
might still be malaria – see doctor early, mentioning malaria
Proguanil in pregnancy
can no longer be used in malaria prophylaxis in pregnant patients. Only chloroquine now licenced
Pregnancy
- Avoid traveling to malarious regions
- Chloroquine can be given - avoid other medications
Folic acid and antimalarials
give folic acid (dosed as a pregnancy at high risk of neural tube defects) for the length of time that it is used during pregnancy
5mg OD