CLASSES OF ABX: TETRACYCLINES Flashcards
Examples
- Doxycycline
- Demeocycline
- Lymecycline
- Minocycline
- Oxytetracycline
- Tetracycline
- Tigecycline
MOA
Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
Binds to ribosomal 30S subunit
What spectrum
broad-spectrum bacteriostatic action.
mino is most broad
indications
- Chlamydia
- Rickettsia
- Acne
- Rosacea
Doxycycline
Malaria + Chlamydia
OD
Taken with food
Tigecycline
Antibiotic that is structurally related to tetracyclines
Side effects
- DNV
- Antibiotic-associated colitis
- Dysphagia, Oesophageal irritation
- Hepatotoxicity
- Blood disorders
- Photosensitivity, hypersensitivity.
- Lupus-erythrematous-like syndrome and irreversible pigmentation
- Benign intracranial hypertension
- Teeth discoloration and bone deposit
Lupus-erythrematous-like syndrome and irreversible pigmentation
Highest risk of minocycline
Benign intracranial hypertension
Headaches
Visual disturbances
STOP
Teeth discoloration and bone deposit
Do not give children under 12 or pregnant women
Under 12 doxy
Do not give
- Deposits in growing bone and teeth.
- Causes teeth discolouration + dental enamel (hypoplasia)
Contraindications and cautions
- Hepatic and renal
- Photosensitivity
- Mysasthenia gravis
- Children < 12
- Preg bf
Photosensitivity
Avoid exposure to sunlight or sunlamps
DD
- Doxycycline
- Demeclocycline
Dysphagia
Tablets should be swallowed whole with plenty of fluid whilst sitting or standing
Mysasthenia gravia
May increase muscle weakness in patients with myasthenia gravis and exacerbate systemic lupus erythematosus.
Renal impairment
Avoid tetracyclines EXCEPT
- Doxycycline
- Minocycline
Hepatic impairment
Hepatotoxic
Avoid or use with caution, ESPECIALLY with concomitant hepatotoxic drugs
Counselling points
- Antacids and aluminium, calcium, iron, magnesium and zinc salts decrease the absorption of tetracyclines;
- milk also reduces the absorption of demeclocycline, oxytetracycline and tetracycline.
- Tetracycline tablets, doxycycline capsules, minocycline tablets or capsules should all be swallowed whole with plenty of fluid while sitting or standing.
do not take milk, indigesition remedies or medicines containing iron or zinc 2 hours before or after taking this medicine
Apart from DLM (does like milk)
Doxy
Lyme
Mino
Avoid milk
DOT
- Demeclocycline
- Oxytetracycline
- Tetracycline
Oesophageal irritation
DMT
- Doxycycline (caps)
- Minocycline (caps/tabs)
- Tetracycline (tabs)
Swallow whole with plenty of fluid during meals whilst sitting or standing upright
What gap is required between doxycycline and the typhoid vaccine
3 days
