Makeup exam Flashcards
Parallel lines that run away from the viewer seem to get closer together
Linear perspective
As distance increases, a texture gradually becomes denser and less detailed
Texture gradient
The shapes of near objects overlap or mask those of more distant ones
Interposition
If separate objects are expected to be of the same size, the larger ones are seen as closer
Relative size
Near objects are low in the visual field; more distant ones are higher up
Height in plane
Patterns of light and dark suggest shadows that can create an impression of 3-D forms
Light and shadow
The neural tissue lining the inside back surface of the eye; it absobrs light, processes images, and sends visual information to the brain
Retina
The greater the ____ of sound waves, the louder the sound is percieved. It is also the principal determinant of loudness.
Amplitude
Amplitude is measured in …
Frequency is measured in …
Amplitude = hertz
Frequency = decibals
The purity or complexity of a sound influences how _ is percieved
The difference you percieve in sound is a difference in this as well
Timbre
The _ is the thing being looked at. It also has more substance and shape
The _ is the background against which it stands
Figure and Ground
Things that are close to one another seem to belong together
Proximity
- Grouping certain elements together
- Completing a a figure by filling in the gaps
Closure
People tend to group stimuli that are similar
Similarity
Viewers tend to organize elements in the simplest way possible
Simplicity
Viewers tend to see elements in ways that produce smooth continuation
Continuity
What are the structures of the limbic system?
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Part of limbic system involved in learning and memory
Hippocampus
Part of limbic system involved in emotion and aggression
Amygdala
Part of the limbic system, relay centre for cortex, handles incoming and outgoing signals
Thalamus
Part of the limbic system, responsible for regulating basic biological needs; hunger, thirst, temperature control
Hypothalamus
Responsible for regulating largely unconscious functions such as breathing and circulation
Medulla
Group of fibres that carry stimulation related to sleep and arousal through brainstem
Reticular formation
Responsible for sensing, thinking, learning, emotion, consciousness, and voluntary movement
Cerebrum
A hormone released by the pituitary gland, which regulates reproductive behaviours
Increases trust, sense of security, feelings of safety, openness and warmth which promotes social bonding between people
Oxytocin
Nerves to voluntary muscles, sensory receptors
Somatic nervous system
Nerves to heart, blood vessels, smooth muscles, glands
Autonomic nervous sytem
What are the subdivisions of the peripheral nervous system?
Somatic and autonomic nervous systems
Mobilizes bodily resources
Sympathetic division
Conserves bodily resources
Parasympathetic division
What are the subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic division and parasympathetic division
- A neurotransmitter that contributes to the regulation of attention, arousal, and memory
- Associated with Alzheimer’s disease if there isn’t an adequate supply, memory loss
Acetylcholine
- A neurotransmitter that contributes to the control of voluntary movement
- Plays a role in pleasure and reward
- Associated with Parkinson’s disease, schitzophrenic and addictive disorders, if there isn’t an adequate supply
Dopamine
- A neurotransmitter that contributes to the modulation of mood, arousal and stress reactions
- Associated with depressive disorders if there’s not enough in the brain
Norepinephrine
- A neurotransmitter involved with regulation of sleep and wakefulness, eating, aggression
- Depressive disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorders, and eating disorders if not enough
Serotonin
- A neurotransmitter that serves as a widely distributed inhibitory transmitter, contributing to the regulation of anxiety and sleep or arousal
- Causes anxiety disorders if not enough
GABA
- A neurotransmitter that resembles opiate drugs in structure and effect
- Play a role in pain relief and response to stress
- Contributes to the regulation of eating behaviour
Endorphins
Made up of all the nerves that lie outside the brain and spinal cord
Can be subdivided into the somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
