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Head and neck anatomy > Major blood vessels in the neck : their branches and tributaries > Flashcards

Major blood vessels in the neck : their branches and tributaries Flashcards

1
Q

What does the common carotid artery run with?

A

The common carotid artery runs with the internal jugular and vagus nerve in the carotid sheath

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2
Q

What does the internal carotid artery arise from?

A

The internal carotid artery from the common carotid at the superior border of the thyroid cartilage

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3
Q

The internal carotid artery has no…

A

branches in the neck

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4
Q

Where does the internal carotid enter?

A

The internal carotid enters the skull; becomes the main artery of the brain and the orbit

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5
Q

What does the external carotid artery supply?

A

The external carotid artery supplies the structures external to the skull

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6
Q

Where does each artery[external carotid artery] run?

A

Each artery runs between the neck of the mandible & lobule of auricle

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7
Q

The carotid sinus is the :

A

Dilatation of the proximal part of the internal carotid artery

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8
Q

What does the carotid sinus contain?

A

The carotid sinus contains receptors sensitive to changes in blood pressure

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9
Q

The carotid body is a :

A
  • small mass of tissue located at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery
  • chemoreceptor; responds to changes in chemical composition of blood
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10
Q

Branches of the external carotid artery :

A
  • Superior thyroid
  • Ascending pharyngeal *Lingual
  • Facial
  • Occipital
  • Posterior auricular
  • Maxillary
  • Superficial temporal
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11
Q

The superior thyroid artery is the most…

A

inferior of all the branches

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12
Q

Where does the superior thyroid artery run?

A

The superior thyroid artery runs deep to the infrahyoid muscles to reach thyroid

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13
Q

Which structures does the superior thyroid artery supply?

A

Branches to the thyroid gland, sternocleidomastoid, infrahyoid muscles

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14
Q

What does the superior thyroid artery give rise to?

A

The superior thyroid artery gives rise to superior laryngeal artery that supplies the larynx

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15
Q

The ascending pharyngeal artery ascends on…

A

the pharynx deep to the internal carotid artery

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16
Q

The ascending pharyngeal artery sends…

A

branches to the pharynx, prevertebral muscles, middle ear, cranial meninges

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17
Q

The lingual artery passes deep to the…

A

hypoglossal nerve, stylohyoid & posterior belly of digastric muscles

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18
Q

What does the lingual artery become when it passes deep to the hyoglossus muscle?

A

The lingual artery passes deep to the hyoglossus muscle where it becomes deep lingual artery

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19
Q

What does the facial artery give off?

A

The facial artery gives off tonsillar branch, branches to palate & submandibular gland

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20
Q

Where does the facial artery pass?

A

The facial artery passes under the digastric, stylohyoid muscles & angle of mandible

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21
Q

How does the facial artery loop and where does it enter?

A

The facial artery loops anteriorly and enters the deep groove in the submandibular gland

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22
Q

What does the facial artery hook around?

A

The facial artery hooks around inferior border of mandible and enters the face

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23
Q

Where does the posterior auricular artery ascend?

A

The posterior auricular artery ascends posterior to external
acoustic meatus

24
Q

Which structures does the posterior auricular artery supply?

A

The posterior auricular artery supplies adjacent muscles,
parotid gland, structures in
temporal bone, auricle, scalp

25
Q

Where does the occipital artery pass?

A

The occipital artery passes along the inferior border of

posterior belly of digastric

26
Q

Where does the occipital artery end?

A

The occipital artery ends in the posterior part of the scalp

27
Q

Name the terminal branches of the external carotid artery.

A
  • Maxillary artery

* *Superficial temporal artery

28
Q

Where does the maxillary artery arise?

A

The maxillary artery arises posterior to the neck of the mandible & deep to its condyle

29
Q

Where does the maxillary artery pass?

A

The maxillary artery passes deep to lateral pterygoid muscle- enters infra-temporal fossa

30
Q

The maxillary artery is divided into 3 parts. State which structures each part supplies.

A

1st : supplies tympanic membrane, dura, mandibular teeth
2nd : muscles of mastication
3rd : maxillary teeth, face, orbit, palate, nasal cavity

31
Q

Where does the superficial temporal artery emerge?

A

The superficial temporal artery emerges on the face between the temporomandibular joint and the ear

32
Q

Where does the superficial temporal artery end?

A

The superficial temporal artery ends in the scalp by dividing into frontal & parietal branches

33
Q

What does the superficial temporal artery give off?

A

The superficial temporal artery gives off the transverse facial artery within the parotid gland

34
Q

Which structures does the superficial temporal artery supply?

A

The superficial temporal artery supplies the parotid gland, duct, masseter muscle, skin of face

35
Q

The veins of the neck which return blood from the head and the face are :

A

External Jugular; Anterior Jugular; Posterior External Jugular; Internal Jugular; Vertebral

36
Q

Where does the external jugular vein receive blood?

A

The external jugular vein receives the greater part of blood from the exterior of the cranium & deep parts of the face

37
Q

What is the external jugular vein formed by?

A

The external jugular vein is formed by the junction of posterior division of retromandibular with posterior auricular vein

38
Q

Where does the external jugular vein begin?

A

The external jugular vein begins in the substance of the parotid gland

39
Q

What does the external jugular vein cross?

A

The external jugular vein crosses the sternocleidomastoid obliquely; perforates deep fascia, ends in subclavian vein

40
Q

List the tributaries of the external jugular vein.

A
  • Posterior external jugular
  • Transverse cervical
  • Transverse scapular
  • Anterior jugular veins
41
Q

Where does the posterior external jugular vein begin?

A

The posterior external jugular vein begins in the occipital region

42
Q

Where does the posterior external jugular vein return blood?

A

The posterior external jugular vein returns blood from the skin and superficial muscles in upper & back part of neck

43
Q

What does the posterior external jugular vein run down?

A

The posterior external jugular vein runs down the back part of the neck

44
Q

What does the posterior external jugular vein open into?

A

The posterior external jugular vein opens into the external jugular vein just below the middle of its course

45
Q

Where does the anterior jugular vein begin?

A

The anterior jugular vein begins near the hyoid bone by confluence of several superficial veins from submaxillary region

46
Q

Where does the anterior jugular vein descend?

A

The anterior jugular vein descends between median line & anterior border of Sternocleidomastoid

47
Q

What does the anterior jugular vein open into?

A

The anterior jugular vein opens into the termination of external jugular or subclavian vein

48
Q

List the tributaries of the anterior jugular vein.

A
  • Laryngeal veins
  • Thyroid vein
  • Two anterior jugular veins communicate by a transverse trunk - venous jugular arch (receive tributaries from inferior thyroid veins; each also communicates with internal jugular)
49
Q

Where does the internal jugular vein collect blood?

A

The internal jugular vein collects blood from brain from superficial parts of face & neck

50
Q

Where does the internal jugular vein begin?

A

The internal jugular vein begins in the posterior compartment of jugular foramen at base of skull

51
Q

What does the internal jugular vein run down?

A

The internal jugular vein runs down the side of the neck in a vertical direction

52
Q

List the tributaries of the internal jugular vein.

A
  • Inferior petrosal sinus.
  • Common facial
  • Lingual
  • Pharyngeal
  • Superior& middle thyroid veins
53
Q

Where is the vertebral vein formed?

A

The vertebral vein is formed in the suboccipital triangle from numerous small tributaries which spring from internal vertebral venous plexuses

54
Q

List the tributaries of the vertebral vein.

A
  • Vertebral vein communicates with transverse sinus by a vein which passes through the condyloid canal
  • Occipital vein
  • Internal & external vertebral venous plexuses
  • Anterior vertebral & deep cervical veins
55
Q

Where does the anterior vertebral vein commence?

A

The anterior vertebral vein commences in a plexus around transverse processes of upper cervical vertebrae

56
Q

What does the anterior vertebral vein descend with?

A

The anterior vertebral vein descends with the ascending cervical artery between scalenus anterior, longus capitis muscles

57
Q

What does the anterior vertebral vein open into?

A

The anterior vertebral vein opens into the terminal part of the vertebral vein

Head and neck anatomy (22 decks)

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