M7 Proj Quality Mgmt (43)

Question 1

1) John is managing a new project that is producing injection molded parts with very tight tolerances. This molding system has been designed using a new process that is currently in the testing phase. John is examining his control chart to determine whether this new process is in control. John is pleased to see that all of his data points on the chart are falling between the UCL and the LCL. John assumes the process is in control. Is he correct in this assumption?
a. His assumption is correct because all data points are within +/– 3 sigma from the mean
b. His assumption is false, because all data points must fall within +/– 1 sigma of the mean
c. His assumption is correct unless there are seven consecutive data points above or below the mean
d. His assumption is false unless there are seven consecutive data points above or below the mean

Answer 1

c. His assumption is correct unless there are seven consecutive data points above or below the mean

The best answer choice is C. Because all of the data points are falling between the upper and lower control limits, the process is producing the product according to the specifications. However, in order to determine whether the process is in control, John needs to see if there are at least seven consecutive data points falling above or below the mean, not the control limits.

Question 2

2) To set up a system to make sure the same steps are followed each time a process is conducted, you should create a:

a. Quality Management plan
b. Process improvement plan
c. Checklist
d. Metric matrix

Answer 2

c. Checklist

A checklist facilitates following the same steps each time you do a process.

Question 3

3) Quality control is an important aspect of project success. Which of the following are involved in the Control Quality activities?

a. Sequencing the activities
b. Estimating the time required for the activities
c. Monitoring the results of the activities
d. Scheduling the activities

Answer 3

c. Monitoring the results of the activities

The best answer choice is C. Control Quality is a process in the Monitoring and Controlling process group, hence monitoring the results are necessary in order to determine what needs to be controlled in order to maintain the quality requirements.

Question 4

4) Making sure that the deliverables are built according to the requirements and specifications is part of

a. Validate Scope
b. Control Scope
c. Perform Quality Assurance
d. Control Quality

Answer 4

d. Control Quality

Control Quality is about making sure the deliverables are built correctly according to requirements and specifications.

Question 5

5) You are conducting the Plan Quality Management process. You have done this previously on other projects, but they involved a different type of product than the one in your current project. From the following choices, select the one that is true regarding the Plan Quality Management process.

a. Quality & customer satisfaction are the same thing
b. Project quality mgmt processes don’t change with product type.
c. You need to coordinate with product quality mgmt
d. The project sponsor should be consulted during this process

Answer 5

b. Project quality mgmt processes don’t change with product type.

The best answer choice is B because project quality mgmt processes remain the same in all projects, no matter what the product of the project is.

Question 6

6) Steven is managing a small construction project involving an affordable senior health‐care facility. He is having some issues and needs to determine the root cause. Which of the following tools and techniques can Steven use to help in find the root cause of the problem?

a. Ishikawa diagram
b. Scatter chart
c. Bar chart
d. Design of Experiments

Answer 6

a. Ishikawa diagram

The best answer choice is A. The Ishikawa diagram, also known as the fishbone diagram, is a tool commonly used to determine root cause.

Question 7

7) Roy is managing a project with very high standards on the manufacturing processes involved to create the product. The product is a new hover board that contains an anti‐gravity device filled with a new isotope that allows it to levitate the board. This isotope must be kept at a temperature below 23 degrees Celsius during the process in which the outer electron is removed from its orbit. Temperature is critical in this procedure, and Roy needs to make certain there are systems in place to maintain the requirements necessary for the production process. If the system is not closely monitored, defective parts may be created, which could result in rework or excessive scrap, and would add to the project’s cost. In addition, there may be associated warranty work or lost business. In either of these cases, the cause of this result would be which of the following?

a. Cost of conformance
b. Control limits
c. Cost of nonconformance
d. Design of Experiments

Answer 7

c. Cost of nonconformance

The best answer choice is C. This scenario describes the cost of nonconformance, which may result in rework, scrap, liabilities, warranty work, or lost business revenue.

Question 8

8) In which process would you determine if your quality processes are effective?

a. Plan Quality
b. Improve Quality
c. Perform Quality Assurance
d. Control Quality

Answer 8

c. Perform Quality Assurance

Perform Quality Assurance is where you identify whether the processes are working and if there are ways to improve them.

Question 9

9) Blake is an avid fisherman and has recently been named project manager for a new project involving the design and manufacture of a new state‐of‐the‐art fishing rod based on the performance of various materials used in the rod. Blake has contracted the services of several nationally recognized fishing champions and has provided them with tournament style rods made with various materials, including graphite, copper, steel, polycarbonate, and aluminum. After the fishing season ended, Blake received the reports from the field tests. After reviewing them, Blake ranked the issues and found that the aluminum rod was responsible for most of the issues found. This is an example of which of the following?

a. Cause and effect diagrams
b. Benchmarking
c. Pareto principle
d. Design of Experiments

Answer 9

c. Pareto principle

The best answer choice is C. The Pareto principle is based on the theory that a few vital factors are responsible for creating the majority of the problems.

Question 10

10) A histogram that displays types of defects in descending order is a

a. Flow chart
b. Ishikawa diagram
c. Tornado diagram
d. Pareto diagram

Answer 10

d. Pareto diagram

Pareto diagrams are a type of histogram that creates a graphic display of events (such as causes of defects or types of defects) in descending order. The objective is to rank problems based on the frequency of occurrence to determine the order in which to resolve them.

Question 11

11) Conformance to standards and fitness for use defines which of the following?

a. Scope baseline
b. Customer satisfaction
c. Cost of quality
d. Quality management

Answer 11

b. Customer satisfaction

The best answer choice is B. Customer satisfaction requires a combination of conformance to requirements to ensure the project produces what is was created to produce, as well as fitness for use such that the product or service satisfies the real needs.

Question 12

12) What percent of values fall within 3 sigma?

a. 95.73
b. 99.77
c. 95.45
d. 99.85

Answer 12

d. 99.85

16% of the data points fall between 0 and –1σ from the mean; 84% of the data points fall between 0 and +1σ from the mean; 97.75% of the data points fall between 0 and +2σ from the mean; 99.85% of the data points fall between 0 and +3σ from the mean.

Question 13

13) Which would be included in the contents of a process improvement plan?

a. Variable sampling
b. Pareto diagram
c. Force field analysis
d. Process metrics

Answer 13

d. Process metrics

The contents for a process improvement plan should include process description, process metrics, and targets for improvement.

Question 14

14) Amanda is managing a new project involving the analysis of a new manufacturing process that is designed to reduce defects and speed up the production of the product components. She has been examining the control charts on this new process and has noticed several situations in which seven or more data points are falling above or below the mean. What does this indicate?

a. The upper control limit is too low
b. The process is in control
c. The process is out of control
d. The lower control limit is too high

Answer 14

c. The process is out of control

The best answer choice is C. Seven consecutive data points above or below the mean indicate a process that is out of control.

Question 15

15) A category or rank used to distinguish items that have the same function use is called

a. Quality
b. Grade
c. Precision
d. Mode

Answer 15

b. Grade

Grade is a category or rank used to distinguish items that have the same functional use but do not share the same requirements for quality.

Question 16

16) The act of reviewing a project’s performance for compliance with company procedures is a

a. Quality audit
b. Performance review
c. Quality assurance review
d. Procedures conformance examination

Answer 16

a. Quality audit

Quality audits are used to perform a structured review of the project to determine whether the team is complying with project and organization policies, procedures, and processes.

Question 17

17) The point where 50% of the results are above the center point and 50% of the results are below the center point is the

a. Mode
b. Median
c. Mean
d. Standard deviation

Answer 17

c. Mean

The mean is the average where half the measurements are greater, and half are less.

Question 18

18) Given the following estimated values: Optimistic 10, Pessimistic 6, Most realistic 7, what is the PERT distribution mean?

a. 7.33
b. 7.66
c. 8.04
d. 7.40

Answer 18

a. 7.33

The PERT mean is calculated by (Optimistic +

4 × Realistic + Pessimistic) / 6. In this case, PERT Mean = (10 + 4 × 7 + 6) / 6 = 7.33

Question 19

19) Which of the following best describes customer satisfaction?

a. Correct quality and grade
b. Appropriate accuracy and precision
c. Conformance to standards and fitness for use
d. On time and on budget

Answer 19

c. Conformance to standards and fitness for use

The best answer choice is C because it provides the best description of customer satisfaction.

Question 20

20) Within the quality mgmt system, what is an assessment of correctness?

a. Precision
b. Accuracy
c. Grade
d. Quality

Answer 20

b. Accuracy

Within the quality mgmt system, accuracy is an assessment of correctness.

Question 21

21) Control charts are one of the seven basic quality tools. They are used as a quality assurance tool in a project and can be used to demonstrate how a process behaves over time, relative to the number of data points above or below the central line. Which of the following statements about a control chart is true?
a. The upper control limit is typically set at +–1 sigma
b. Seven consecutive points above or below the central line indicates a process is out of control
c. Seven consecutive points above or below the central line indicates a process is in of control
d. The lower control limit is typically set at +–4 sigma

Answer 21

b. Seven consecutive points above or below the central line indicates a process is out of control

The best answer choice is B. Seven consecutive data points above or below the central line indicates a process is out of control.

Question 22

22) What are the two aspects of quality mgmt?

a. Project quality and product quality
b. Product quality and process quality
c. Project quality and product satisfaction
d. Process improvement and product satisfaction

Answer 22

a. Project quality and product quality

There are 2 aspects of quality mgmt—project quality and product quality. Project quality has to do with how you manage the project. Product quality is dependent on the nature of the product.

Question 23

23) As a result of looking at reasons why your organization’s projects come in late, you identify seven main causes that explain 95% of late deliveries. You created a bar chart that ranks them in order of occurrence. What tool did you use to do this?

a. Histogram
b. Checksheet
c. Pareto diagram
d. Scatter diagram

Answer 23

c. Pareto diagram

A rank‐ordered bar chart that shows the causes of defects is a Pareto diagram. If you did not put the bars in order, it would be a histogram.

Question 24

24) Examining process problems and conducting a root‐cause analysis is part of

a. Process changes
b. Process improvement
c. Process analysis
d. Process implementation

Answer 24

c. Process analysis

Examining process problems and their root cause are part of process analysis.

Question 25

25) A tool and technique for showing the relationships between changes observed in two variables is a

a. Run chart
b. Pareto chart
c. Control chart
d. Scatter diagram

Answer 25

d. Scatter diagram

A scatter diagram is used to show the relationships between changes observed in two variables.

Question 26

26) A testing sample value is considered “out of control” if

a. It exceeds the standard deviation
b. It has 7 points above the mean
c. It has 7 continuous points above or below the mean
d. It exceeds two standard deviations

Answer 26

c. It has 7 continuous points above or below the mean

Rule of Seven is a process said to be out of control if there are 7 data points on one side of the mean, or 7 data points that are trending in one direction.

Question 27

27) If you wanted to determine whether investing in more rigorous prevention costs would result in less rework and scrap, and ultimately be more cost effective, which tool would you use?

a. Cost of Quality
b. Benchmarking
c. Cause‐and‐effect diagram
d. Statistical sampling

Answer 27

a. Cost of Quality

The cost of quality would help you identify whether the costs associated with prevention are more cost effective than the costs associated with internal failure.

Question 28

28) Which of the following is defined as the process of monitoring and controlling results of executing the quality activities to assess performance and recommend necessary changes?

a. Earned Value mgmt
b. Cost of Quality
c. Prevention over inspection
d. Control Quality

Answer 28

d. Control Quality

The best answer choice is D because it is the process defined in the question.

Question 29

29) The key stakeholders on Craig’s project have expressed concerns regarding whether the project has the procedures and quality control measurements in place to ensure that the project meets the requirements and standards of the requirements documentation. Which of the following processes should Craig use in order to make certain the project meets those requirements?

a. Perform Quality Assurance
b. Perform Quality Control
c. Plan Quality Management
d. Plan Stakeholder Management

Answer 29

a. Perform Quality Assurance

The best answer choice is A because Perform Quality Assurance is the process of auditing the quality requirements and the results from quality control measurements to ensure that appropriate quality standards and operational definitions are used.

Question 30

30) Joshua is managing a project involving critical electrical components that will be used in a GPS instrument for commercial aircraft. The control charts show a minor deviation and a trend of points above the UCL, resulting in an excessive amount of defects and additional costs in labor and material. In order to bring the future project performance in line with the project mgmt plan, which of the following should be Joshua’s first step?

a. Corrective action
b. Preventive action
c. Change request
d. Change control board meeting

Answer 30

a. Corrective action

The best answer choice is A. A corrective action realigns the project performance with the project mgmt plan and the requirements.

Question 31

31`) Of the following choices, which one is not an input to the Control Quality process?

a. Statistical sampling
b. Quality checklists
c. Approved change requests
d. Organizational process assets

Answer 31

a. Statistical sampling

The best answer choice is A because statistical sampling is a tool and technique of this process.

Question 32

32) One of your project team members has been collecting data relative to a quality issue that has surfaced in your project. She has produced a bar chart representing these findings, which she has presented to you at a recent meeting. Which of the following defines this type of chart?

a. Ishikawa diagram
b. Monte Carlo simulation
c. Pareto diagram
d. Scatter diagram

Answer 32

c. Pareto diagram

The best answer choice is C because it is the only option containing a bar chart.

Question 33

33) Lauren is managing a project tasked with improving energy efficiency for a steel manufacturing plant in which several metallurgical and chemical processes are carried out in the preparation of the raw material and the final production of the finished product. In order to reduce the energy consumption and improve the quality resulting from the different processes, Lauren has documented specific boundaries for each process. In addition, she has set specific targets for performance improvement in each process. In this scenario, which of the following is Lauren creating?
a. Process improvement plan in the Plan Quality Management process
b. Process improvement plan in the Control Quality process
c. Quality control metrics in the Control Quality process
d. Quality checklists in the Plan Quality Management process

Answer 33

a. Process improvement plan in the Plan Quality Management process

The best answer choice is A. Because Lauren has set the process boundaries and the targets for improved performance, she is involved with process improvement in the Plan Quality Management process.

Question 34

34) Identifying industry best practices to measure your results against is an example of

a. Networking
b. Brainstorming
c. Appraisal costs
d. Benchmarking

Answer 34

d. Benchmarking

Benchmarking can include setting targets using best practices, best in class, or results from in‐house projects.

Question 35

35) Quality assurance is the process of
a. Measuring the results from QC measurements and comparing them to QC standards
b. Auditing the QC procedures to see that they follow the QA program
c. Auditing the quality requirements and results from QC measurements to ensure appropriate quality standards are used
d. Enforcing QC procedures

Answer 35

c. Auditing the quality requirements and results from QC measurements to ensure appropriate quality standards are used

Perform Quality Assurance is the process of auditing the quality requirements and the results from quality control measurements to ensure that appropriate quality standards and operational definitions are used.

Question 36

36) Your organization has an initiative to attain Level 3 Capability Maturity Model Integrated (CMMI) this year. You have a new team member who is very smart, but she’s not been through training on CMMI, and you need to make sure everyone is up to speed. From a quality perspective, training the new employee is:

a. Prevention cost
b. Appraisal cost
c. Internal failure cost
d. External failure cost

Answer 36

a. Prevention cost

Training is a prevention cost.

Question 37

37) Continuous improvement, prevention over inspection, and cost of quality are related to which of the following?

a. Quality mgmt approaches
b. Quality assurance inputs
c. Quality control tools and techniques
d. Quality metrics analysis

Answer 37

a. Quality mgmt approaches

The best answer choice is A. Quality mgmt approaches recognize the importance of continuous improvement, prevention over inspection, and the cost of quality.

Question 38

38) You create a chart that shows a strong correlation between adding staff and increased customer satisfaction. This is an example of

a. Positive correlation
b. Random correlation
c. Negative correlation
d. Curvilinear correlation

Answer 38

a. Positive correlation

Positive correlation means that as one variable increases, the other variable increases.

Question 39

39) Cost of conformance refers to

a. A financial analysis tool
b. Costs to rework products
c. Comparison of costs at comparable organizations
d. Prevention and appraisal costs

Answer 39

d. Prevention and appraisal costs

Cost of conformance refers to the cost of not allowing defects to occur. In other words, all the costs associated with having an acceptable end result.

Question 40

40) A car with many features is said to be high ______. If those features don’t work very well, it is said to be low ______.

a. Quality, grade
b. Quality, standards
c. Grade, quality
d. Fidelity, grade

Answer 40

c. Grade, quality

Lots of features indicates high grade. Features that don’t work too well are low quality.

Question 41

41) An “Ishikawa diagram” is a

a. Histogram
b. Cause and effect diagram
c. Control chart
d. Scatter diagram

Answer 41

b. Cause and effect diagram

An Ishikawa diagram is a cause and effect diagram that is also known as a fishbone diagram (because when drawn it looks like a fish).

Question 42

42) CMMI stands for

a. Capability Maturity Model Information
b. Capacity Model Integrated
c. Capability Maturity Model Integrated
d. Capability Modern Model Integrated

Answer 42

c. Capability Maturity Model Integrated

Capability Maturity Model Integrated (CMMI) is a propriety methodology of Quality Management.

Question 43

43) Wanda is reviewing the quality requirements & the quality control measurement results she has just received in order to determine whether the project team is using the appropriate quality standards. In which of the following processes is Wanda involved?

a. Perform Quality Assurance
b. Plan Quality Management
c. Control Quality
d. Validate Scope

Answer 43

a. Perform Quality Assurance

The best answer choice is A because the Perform Quality Assurance process is designed to ensure the use of appropriate quality tools and standards in the project execution.