M3a Flashcards
SEVEN PHASES OF UNCONVENTIONAL WARFARE P I_c I O B E T
PHASE I—PREPARATION PHASE II—INITIAL CONTACT PHASE III—INFILTRATION PHASE IV—ORGANIZATION PHASE V—BUILDUP PHASE VI—EMPLOYMENT PHASE VII—TRANSITION
COMPONENTS OF AN INSURGENCY
UNDERGROUND
AUXILIARY
GUERRILLAS
Define: Insurgency
the organized use of subversion and violence by a group or movement that seeks to overthrow or force change of a governing authority. Insurgency can also refer to the group itself.
Define: Resistance movement
An organized effort by some portion of the civil population of a country to resist the legally established government or an occupying power and to disrupt civil order and stability.
Three criteria planners use when deciding to provide UW support
F
A
A
Feasibility
Adequacy
Acceptability
Three possible goals of large-scale involvement
F
F
D
Facilitate the eventual introduction of conventional forces
Facilitate friendly offensive or defensive operations
Divert enemy resources away from other parts of the operational area
Two distinct types of UW efforts
- UW is only one line of operation within the military effort and the military instrument of national power is the dominant effort within the larger context of USG unified action
- UW is employed as the main effort, either as an initiative or as a response to aggression
Title and USC for UW
Title 10, United States Code (USC), Armed Forces, Section 167
Unconventional Warfare Golden Bullets
- UW is not about the U.S. Soldier; it is about leveraging the indigenous partners.
- UW is not about U.S. processes and resources; it is about leveraging indigenous resources.
- If a Soldier cannot articulate how he plans to win “through and with” the indigenous partners, he has failed to demonstrate that he is proficient in UW.
- If a Soldier cannot articulate how UW can be conducted successfully without the U.S. Soldier ever firing a single round in combat, he has failed to demonstrate that he understands UW
Five UW core activities
P I S S N G
PE Intelligence operations Subversion Sabotage NAR Guerrilla warfare
Unconventional warfare defined
- Activities conducted to enable a resistance movement or insurgency
- to coerce, disrupt, or overthrow a government or occupying power
- by operating through or with an underground, auxiliary, and guerrilla force in a denied area
DYNAMICS OF SUCCESSFUL INSURGENCIES
P O L I O_o
Eg
E
Phasing and Timing Objectives Leadership Ideology Organization and Operational Patterns
Environment and Geography
External Support
Phasing and Timing (Phases)
L
G
W
Latent or Incipient (“Strategic Defensive”)
Guerrilla Warfare (“Strategic Stalemate”)
War of Movement (“Strategic Offensive”)
Core Resistance Activities
- Subversion
- Sabotage
- NAR
- Guerilla Warfare
- Intelligence Operations
Internal Logistics sources used by a resistance
- Battlefield recovery
- Purchase
- Levy
- Barter
- Production
- Confiscation (Last option)
2 main categories of US supply to resistance
- Accompanying (what ODA brings)
2. External (Automatic, emergency, on-call)
8 Insurgent support networks F L I R T
M
I
C
Financial Logistical Intel / Propaganda Recruitment Transportation
Medical
Information
Communications
Actions designed to undermine the military, economic, psychological, or political
strength or morale of a governing authority
Subversion
Latent or Incipient
Recruit
Organize
Train
Guerilla Warfare
Degrade the governments security
War of Movement
Collapse the Government
What is the Difference between Insurgency and Resistance?
-Insurgency; A movement aimed at OVERTHROWING a constituted government through the use of
subversion and armed conflict.
-Resistance; A movement aimed at RESISTING a
government or occupying power in order to disrupt civil
order and stability.
Preparation
POTUS/SecDef/ EXORD approval
Feasibility Assessment of UW as primary mission
Initial Contact
- Contact resistance
* Detailed area assessments
Infiltration (Most risk)
- Infiltrate Pilot Teams
- ODA Infils
- Conduct UW Area Assessment
Organization (Most Crucial)
- Develop mutual objectives
- Build rapport
Assess Guerilla force capabilities
Buildup
Gaining popular support
Confidence targets
Defining enemy’s center of gravity and vulnerability
Employment
Expanded scope of offensive operations
Full blown operations
Transition
Mission objectives are met
Protect the newly installed government
Destructively eliminate government entirely
Anarchist
Impose universal equality
Egalitarian
Resist change and return to a perceived norm
Traditionalist
Break a monopoly on political discourse
Pluralist
Break off some section from the polity
Secessionist
Modify the application of laws and mores
Reformist
Safeguard valued institutions from change
Preservationist
Provoke supranational reorganization
Globalist
Act as catalyst for an envisioned end times
Apocalyptic
Impose a theoretical vision of man’s perfection
Utopian
Facilitate greed through violent illegalities
Commercialist
The cells in series provide a division of labor in order to carry out underground and auxiliary functions, such as the manufacture of weapons, supply, escape and evasion, propaganda, and printing of newspapers (division of labor).
Cells in Series
The key idea of parallel cells is that many activities can be conducted that support a goal known only to a higher controlling echelon leader. (Redundancy)
Cells in Parallel
How does understanding dynamics help with core activities?
To counter an insurgency
To support an insurgency during UW efforts.
How does SOF conduct UW?
General war
Limited war
What are the three requirements for the US involvement of Unconventional Warfare (UW)?
Feasibility: Is the population ready for this to happen.
Adequacy: Adequate forces necessary to be successful.
Acceptability: Is it worth it to the U.S., do we share the same ideological goals.
What is the difference between P.E. as a principle task and P.E. as an activity?
PE is to shape the environment for future ops
PE as an activity is to coerce, disrupt, or overthrow the
government, as an activity requires POTUS approval
What are the two effects of Sabotage?
Moral and man power increased
Guerilla force, and underground is responsible for this.
Event known, but the sponsor is not known
Covert
Event unknown, but sponsor is known
Clandestine
What are the Types of Supply in UW?
- Accompanying Supply; what the SFODA brings with them
- External Resupply; Automatic, On-Call or Routine, and Emergency
What is the Insurgent Leadership and Command?
Area Command—command and control element of irregular forces
Area Complex—clandestine, dispersed network of facilities that support resistance activities in a given area; includes medical facilities, safe sites & areas, warehouses to store supplies, communication systems, and transportation networks
The blood diamond guys
Commercialist
The guys that want to succeed from turkey
Secessionist
The communist guys
Egalitarian
The Islamic guys
Traditionalist
