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CPHM 121 > M2. SELECTED COMMUNICABLE DISEASES_part 3 > Flashcards

M2. SELECTED COMMUNICABLE DISEASES_part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Parasitic Diseases:

A
  1. Schistosomiasis
  2. Paragonimiasis
  3. Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis
  4. Filariasis
  5. Malaria
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2
Q

also known as:
- bilharziasis
- snail fever
- caused by blood fluke
- manpower losses & lessened agricultural productivity [rural areas]

transmitted by a tiny snail called?

A

Schistosomiasis

oncomelania hupensis quadrasi

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3
Q

Causative Agent of Schistosomiasis:

A

Schistosoma japonicum

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4
Q

Modes of transmission of Schistosomiasis:

free-swimming larval form of the parasite that penetrates the skin…

A
  • skin contact w/ contaminated water
  • defecate water (naihian)

Cercaria

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5
Q

Treatment of Schistosomiasis:
1. drug choice
2. alt. drug for S. Manzoni
3. alt. drug for S. Haematobium

A
  1. praziquantel
  2. oxamniquine
  3. metrifonate
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6
Q

also known as: pulmonary distomiasis
- Chronic parasitic infection
- eating fresh or inadequately cooked crabs
- closely resemble PTB
- misdiagnosed in endemic areas

A

Paragonimiasis

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7
Q

Endemic areas identified?

A

Mindoro
Camarines Norte/Sur
Sorsogon
Samar
Negros Islands
Albay
Basilan
Cebu

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8
Q

Causative agent of Paragonimiasis:
- lung fluke
- most common important causative agent in Asia

A

Paragoni Westermani

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9
Q

Intermediate hosts (vector) of Paragonimiasis:
1. freshwater snail
- antemelania asperata
2. small, freshwater crab
- sundathelphusa philippina
- varuna litterata

A
  1. first intermediate host (IH)
  2. second intermediate host (SH)
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10
Q

Diagnosis of Paragonimiasis:

eosinophilia in CSF?

A
  1. Sputum collection
  2. Serological tests
  3. Cerebral Paragonimiasis
  4. PTB-like symptoms

Cerebral paragonimiasis

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11
Q

Treatment of Paragonimiasis:
1. drug of choice (25mg/g body weight three times daily for three days)
2. alt. drug

A
  1. praziquantel
  2. Bithionol
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12
Q
  • common with children.
  • soil helminthes
    geofactors/primary factors of distribution:
    **- temp.
  • humidity
  • wind**
  • unsanitary disposal of human stool
A

Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis

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13
Q

Causative agents of Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis:
1. giant intestinal roundworms
2. whipworm
3. old & new world hookworm

A
  1. ascaris lumbricoides
  2. trichuris trichuria
  3. ancylostoma duodenale & necator americanus
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14
Q

Treatment for Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis:
it depends on what parasite is present…

A
  1. piperazine citrate
  2. pyrantel pamoate
  3. mebendazole
  4. aldendazole
  5. levamisole
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15
Q

also known as: elephantiasis
- vector-borne
- Public health concern in many endemic areas in the Ph.

A

Filariasis

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16
Q

Causative agent of Filariasis:
1. aedes poecilus - anopeles minimus flavirostris - culex fatigans

  1. mansonia bonneae - mansonia uniformis
A
  1. Wuchereria bancrofti
  2. Brugia malayi
17
Q

Filariasis

  • presence of microfilariae in the peripheral blood.
    • No clinical signs and symptoms of the disease
A

Asymptomatic Stage

18
Q

Filariasis

Acute stage:
1. inflammation of the lymph nodes
2. inflammation of the lymph vessels

male genitalia sometimes affected

A
  1. Lymphadenitis
  2. Lymphangitis
19
Q

Filariasis

Chronic stage - 10-15 years from the onset
1. swelling of the scrotum
2. swelling of the upper & lower extremities
3. enlargement/thickening of the skin of the lower or/and upper extrimities, scrotum, breast.

A
  1. Hyrdrocoele
  2. Lymphedema
  3. Elaphantiasis
20
Q

Blood examination for Filariasis

  • thick blood smear about the size of?
  • wucheriria blood collection time?
  • brugia malayi blood collection time?
A
  • 25 centavo
  • 10pm - 2am blood collection
  • anytime/ preferred night time
21
Q

Treatment for Filariasis:
drug of choice?

A

DEC - diethylcarbamazine

22
Q
  • vector borne
  • major public health concern having an annual parasite incidence of 5.1 per 1000 population.
A

Malaria

23
Q

Causative Agents of Malaria:

A
  • Plasmodium falciparum.
  • Plasmodium malariae.
  • Plasmodium vivax.
  • Plasmodium ovale.
  • Plasmodium knowlesi.
24
Q

Modes of Transmission of Malaria:
- bite of an infected female mosquito called?
- containing?

A
  • anopeles flavirostris
  • erythrocytic parasites
25
Q

Malaria

Laboratory examinations:
1. look for the presence of malarial parasites.
2. dipstick test for simple & rapid diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum.
3. Serological test (2)
IHA
ELISA

A
  1. thick & thin blood smear
  2. para sight F-test
  3. Indirect haemagglutination
    enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
26
Q

Treatment for Malaria:
1. drug of choice
2. combination may be used in areas w/ high levels of resistance to chloroquine.

A
  1. chloroquine
  2. pyrimethamine/ sulfadoxine

CPHM 121 (9 decks)

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