M2. SELECTED COMMUNICABLE DISEASES_part 2

Question 1

Viral Diseases:

Answer 1

1. Measles
2. Influenza
3. Hepatitis A
4. Rabies
5. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
6. Hepatitis B

Question 2

• acute highly communicable disease
• upper respiratory tract
• fever & rashes

2 days of coryza

maybe found on the **inner surface of cheeks. **

Answer 2

Measles

eruption

Grayish pecks/ Kolpik Spots

Question 3

Causative Agent of Measles:

RNA virus

under what family?

Answer 3

Measles Virus/ Morbillivirus

Paramyxoviridae

Question 4

Source of Infection for Measles:

Answer 4

• secretion of nose
• throat of infective person

Question 5

Mode of transmission of Measles:

Answer 5

• direct contact (droplet spread)
• contaminated articles

Question 6

Methods of Prevention of Measles:

Answer 6

• 5-7 days isolation after onset of rashes
• attenuated & inactivated measles virus vaccine (MMR)

Question 7

• highly communicable disease
• onset of fever 1-6 days
• chills, aches, pain w/ prostrations (back & limbs)

Answer 7

Influenza

Question 8

Causative agent of Influenza:

RNA virus

under what family?

Answer 8

Influenza virus A, B, C

orthomyxoviridae

Question 9

Source of infection of Influenza:

Answer 9

• secretion/ discharges from the mouth & nose.

Question 10

Mode of transmission of Influenza:

Answer 10

• direct contact (droplet/airborne)
• contaminated articles

Question 11

Period of Communicability of Influenza:

Answer 11

3 days (clinical onset)

Question 12

also known as:
- infectious hepatitis
- epidemic hepatitis
- catarrhal jaundice

• sporadically or in epidemics
• virus introduced fecally contaminated water or food.
• young people & children (most affected)

Answer 12

Hepatitis A

Question 13

Causative Agent of Hepa A:

RNA virus

under what family?

Answer 13

Hepatitis A Virus

Picornaviridae

Question 14

Management of Hepatitis A:

IM (intramuscular) injection of gamma globulin.

others:

Answer 14

Prophylaxis

• complete bed rest
• low fat diet but high in sugar

Question 15

also known as:
- hydrophobia
- lyssa

• acute viral encephalomyelitis
• last only for 2-6 days w/o medication.

death due to?

two types of Rabies virus:
1. transmitted by dogs.
2. disease of wild animals.

Answer 15

Rabies

respiratory paralysis

1. Urban/ Canine
2. Sylvatic

Question 16

Causative agent of Rabies:

RNA virus

under what family?

Answer 16

Rabies virus

Rhabdovirus of the genus lyssavirus

Question 17

Modes of transmission of Rabies:

Answer 17

• bites
• scratch or fresh breaks in the skin (rare)
• man to man transmission

Question 18

Incubation period of Rabies:

dependent to:

Answer 18

2-8 days

• severity of wounds
• distance of the bite to the brain
• amount of virus
• clothing protection

Question 19

Susceptibility & resistance from Rabies:

Answer 19

all warm-blooded mammals are susceptible

Natural immunity in man is unknown.

Question 20

Management & prevention of Rabies:
1. induce the body to develop antibodies against rabies up to 3 yrs.

2. immediate protection against rabies.
   - Administered** with the first seven days of active immunization**
   - short-term effect of immunoglobulin

observation of pet is ____ days

Answer 20

1. Active Immunization
2. Passive Immunization

14

Question 21

Etiologic agents of Dengue/ H-fever:

RNA virus

under what family?

Answer 21

Dengue virus types 1, 2, 3, 4

flavivirus

Question 22

Source of infection of H-fever:
- vector mosquito, the…

Answer 22

• Aedes Aegypti
• household mosquito

Question 23

Modes of transmission of H-fever:

Answer 23

• bite of infected female mosquito

Question 24

Signs & Symptoms (clinical manifestations of 3 stages):
1. invasive stage
2. toxic/hemorrhagic stage
3. convalescent/recovery stage

Answer 24

1. first 4 days
2. 4th - 7th day
3. 7th - 10th day

Question 25

Diagnostic test for H-fever:

Answer 25

• tourniquet test/ rumple leads test
• platelet count
• Hct (indicates dehydration)

Question 26

Supportive & Symptomatic treatment for H-fever:
1. for fever, muscle pain, or headache

Answer 26

1. analgesic
2. paracetamol
3. rapid replacement of fluids

NO ASPIRINS

Question 27

viral STI disease…

Answer 27

Hepatitis B

Question 28

Causative agent of Hepa B:

DNA virus

under what family?

Answer 28

HBV - hepatitis B virus

hepadnaviridae

Question 29

Modes of transmission of Hepa B:

Answer 29

• sexual intercourse
• blood
• during birth