M2. SELECTED COMMUNICABLE DISEASES_part 2 Flashcards
Viral Diseases:
- Measles
- Influenza
- Hepatitis A
- Rabies
- Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
- Hepatitis B
- acute highly communicable disease
- upper respiratory tract
- fever & rashes
2 days of coryza
maybe found on the **inner surface of cheeks. **
Measles
eruption
Grayish pecks/ Kolpik Spots
Causative Agent of Measles:
RNA virus
under what family?
Measles Virus/ Morbillivirus
Paramyxoviridae
Source of Infection for Measles:
- secretion of nose
- throat of infective person
Mode of transmission of Measles:
- direct contact (droplet spread)
- contaminated articles
Methods of Prevention of Measles:
- 5-7 days isolation after onset of rashes
- attenuated & inactivated measles virus vaccine (MMR)
- highly communicable disease
- onset of fever 1-6 days
- chills, aches, pain w/ prostrations (back & limbs)
Influenza
Causative agent of Influenza:
RNA virus
under what family?
Influenza virus A, B, C
orthomyxoviridae
Source of infection of Influenza:
- secretion/ discharges from the mouth & nose.
Mode of transmission of Influenza:
- direct contact (droplet/airborne)
- contaminated articles
Period of Communicability of Influenza:
3 days (clinical onset)
also known as:
- infectious hepatitis
- epidemic hepatitis
- catarrhal jaundice
- sporadically or in epidemics
- virus introduced fecally contaminated water or food.
- young people & children (most affected)
Hepatitis A
Causative Agent of Hepa A:
RNA virus
under what family?
Hepatitis A Virus
Picornaviridae
Management of Hepatitis A:
IM (intramuscular) injection of gamma globulin.
others:
Prophylaxis
- complete bed rest
- low fat diet but high in sugar
also known as:
- hydrophobia
- lyssa
- acute viral encephalomyelitis
- last only for 2-6 days w/o medication.
death due to?
two types of Rabies virus:
1. transmitted by dogs.
2. disease of wild animals.
Rabies
respiratory paralysis
- Urban/ Canine
- Sylvatic
Causative agent of Rabies:
RNA virus
under what family?
Rabies virus
Rhabdovirus of the genus lyssavirus
Modes of transmission of Rabies:
- bites
- scratch or fresh breaks in the skin (rare)
- man to man transmission
Incubation period of Rabies:
dependent to:
2-8 days
- severity of wounds
- distance of the bite to the brain
- amount of virus
- clothing protection
Susceptibility & resistance from Rabies:
all warm-blooded mammals are susceptible
Natural immunity in man is unknown.
Management & prevention of Rabies:
1. induce the body to develop antibodies against rabies up to 3 yrs.
- immediate protection against rabies.
- Administered** with the first seven days of active immunization**
- short-term effect of immunoglobulin
observation of pet is ____ days
- Active Immunization
- Passive Immunization
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Etiologic agents of Dengue/ H-fever:
RNA virus
under what family?
Dengue virus types 1, 2, 3, 4
flavivirus
Source of infection of H-fever:
- vector mosquito, the…
- Aedes Aegypti
- household mosquito
Modes of transmission of H-fever:
- bite of infected female mosquito
Signs & Symptoms (clinical manifestations of 3 stages):
1. invasive stage
2. toxic/hemorrhagic stage
3. convalescent/recovery stage
- first 4 days
- 4th - 7th day
- 7th - 10th day
Diagnostic test for H-fever:
- tourniquet test/ rumple leads test
- platelet count
- Hct (indicates dehydration)
Supportive & Symptomatic treatment for H-fever:
1. for fever, muscle pain, or headache
- analgesic
- paracetamol
- rapid replacement of fluids
NO ASPIRINS
viral STI disease…
Hepatitis B
Causative agent of Hepa B:
DNA virus
under what family?
HBV - hepatitis B virus
hepadnaviridae
Modes of transmission of Hepa B:
- sexual intercourse
- blood
- during birth
