M2. SELECTED COMMUNICABLE DISEASES_part 1

Question 1

Bacterial Diseases (5)

Answer 1

1. Tubercolosis
2. Typhoid Fever
3. Pneumonia
4. Leptospirosis/ Weil’s Disease
5. Gonorrhea

Question 2

• high contagious disease
• also affects the brain, kidneys, intestines, and bones

Answer 2

Tubercolosis

Question 3

causative agent of TB:

Answer 3

Mycobacterium Tubercolosis/ Koch’s Bacillus

Question 4

mode of transmission of TB:

Answer 4

infective droplets

Question 5

Treatment of TB:

Answer 5

Rifampicin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol

Question 6

Preventive Measure (Vaccination) for TB:

Answer 6

BCG Vaccinationor Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin Vaccination

Question 7

Program for TB?

Answer 7

DOTS program - Directly Observed Treatment Scheme

Question 8

Systemic infection characterized by continued:
- fever
- malaise
- anorexia
- involvement of lymphoid tissue
- splenomegaly
- rose spots on trunk
- diarrhea

Answer 8

Typhoid Fever

Question 9

Causative agent of typhoid fever:

Answer 9

salmonella typhi

Question 10

mode of transmission of typhoid fever:

Answer 10

• Direct/indirect contact
• Vehicles
• Contamination (hands)
• Vectors (flies)

Question 11

Source of Infection of Typhoid fever:

common among person over 40 yrs. of age especially females.

Answer 11

• urine and feces
• family contacts

Carrier State (of Typhoid fever)

Question 12

Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever:

Answer 12

• stool culture
• serological tests

Question 13

• acute infection
• pneumoccocus, consolidation of one or more lobes of either one or both lungs.

Answer 13

Pneumonia

Question 14

Causative agent of Pneumonia:

Answer 14

• Streptococcus pneumonia [Diplococcus pneumoniae]
• Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Viruses

• majority causes
• occasional causes

Question 15

One of the management for Pneumonia:
- antibiotics based on…

Answer 15

CARI of DOH
Care of Acute Respiratory Infection

Question 16

Also known as:
- mud/ trench/ flood fever
- spirochetal jaundice
- japanese seven days fever

• worldwide zoonatic disease
• RAT, pigs, cattle, rabbits, & other wild animals
• occupational disease
• damages the liver & kidneys

Answer 16

Leptospirosis/ Weil’s Disease

Question 17

Causative agent of Leptospirosis:

thought to be more virulent and cause leptospirosis.

Answer 17

Leptospira Interorgan

serovar icterohaemorrhagiae

Question 18

Mode of transmission of Leptospirosis:

Answer 18

• skin contact
• wounds on contaminated water, moist soil, or vegetation

Question 19

Signs & Symptoms of Leptospirosis:

Answer 19

1. Leptospiremic phase
2. Immune phase

Question 20

• leptospires present in blood & CSF

abrupt with:
- fever
- headache
- myalgia
- nausea
- vomiting
- cough
- chest pain

Answer 20

Leptospiremic phase

Question 21

correlates w/ the appearance of circulating IgM (immunoglobulin M).

Answer 21

Immune Phase

Question 22

Treatment of Leptospirosis:

Answer 22

• Penicillin & B-lactam antibiotics
• Tetracycline
• Erythromycin

Question 23

a type of STI in bacterial diseases…

only STI prevented by HBV infection…

sexually transmitted infection

Answer 23

Gonorrhea

Question 24

Causative agent of Gonorrhea:

Answer 24

Neisseria gonorrhea

Question 25

Mode of transmission of Gonorrhea:

Answer 25

• sexual contact (adults)
• opthalmia neonatorum (neonates)

Question 26

Signs & symptoms of gonorrhea:

• burning urination and pus discharges from infection of urethra.
• vaginal discharge.

Answer 26

• penis
• cervix
• anus
• throat
• eyes

• males
• females

Question 27

Treatment of Gonorrhea:

Answer 27

• ceftriaxone (uncomplicated cases)
• spectinomycin (resistant cases)

- PPNG - penicillinase producing N. gonorrhea

prophylactic antibiotics should not be taken.