m11 + 12 lab - urine analysis

Question 1

how is color determined?

Answer 1

-level of hydration
should be: light yellow

Question 2

what does clarity determine?

Answer 2

• not clear = may indicate problems/dehydration
  should be: clear

Question 3

presence of glucose may indicate?

Answer 3

glucosuria - diabetes mellitus

Question 4

presence of bilirubin may indicate?

Answer 4

bilirubinuria - abnormal
caused by: liver Dz, blocked duct
symptoms: severe jaundice

Question 5

presence of ketones may indicate?

Answer 5

ketonuria - diabetes mellitus, starvation, extreme diets (like fat based)

Question 6

presence of specific gravity may indicate?

Answer 6

density - 1.001 — 1.035 hydration

Question 7

presence of blood may indicate?

Answer 7

hematuria - trauma, kidney stones, nephritis
mensurating = non-hemolyzed

Question 8

presence of abnormal pH may indicate?

Answer 8

around = 6 (acidic urine kills bacteria)
- is the most acidic bodily secretion
(cranberries raise acidity, good for UTIs)

Question 9

presence of protein may indicate?

Answer 9

proteinuria - nephritis, pregnancy

Question 10

presence of urobilinogen may indicate?

Answer 10

normal = trace amounts (makes urine yellow)

Question 11

presence of nitrates/WBCs may indicate?

Answer 11

pyuria - UTI