M of A - American culture

Question 1

when did american cultures become shaped

Answer 1

in the years after 1877

Question 2

which city expanded in the west

Answer 2

chicago

Question 3

when did the worlds fair begin

Answer 3

1892

Question 4

what was the worlds fair

Answer 4

a showcase of american technology

Question 5

why was chicago a powerful image of american success

Answer 5

it had grand architecture with wide streets and towering buildings

Question 6

who wasn’t allowed to take part in the world fair united states display

Answer 6

black americans
native americans

Question 7

how did gov policies change after 1877

Answer 7

became much harsher
many native americans forced to move to reservations and adopt white ways of life

Question 8

what was the ghost dance movement

Answer 8

the last attempt by the plains native americans to resist in the 19th century

Question 9

example of lack of care for reservations

Answer 9

standing rock reservation
had little supplies, medical aid and food

Question 10

how many buffalo killed by 1883

Answer 10

3 million

Question 11

how did the government destroy native american culture

Answer 11

took control of native american courts and made native americans set up gov structures similar to usa

Question 12

how hid ranchers and homesteaders destroy na culture

Answer 12

fenced off areas where pueblo people drove their sheep herds
homesteaders in central plains fenced in water supplies

Question 13

changes in housing affecting na cultures

Answer 13

encouraged to live in houses instead of tipis
tribes split up

Question 14

religious changes destroying na culture

Answer 14

forced to convert to christianity
destruction of buffalo made na beliefs impossible

Question 15

education attempts to destroy na culture

Answer 15

native american children taught how plains indian americans attacked and killed white settlers
children given English names
children who don’t speak english beaten
educated in christian boarding schools away from reservations

Question 16

how did food destroy na culture

Answer 16

big factories paid people to pick wild foods such as berries
deprived nomadic tribes of important food supplies

Question 17

what was set up to help preserve culture

Answer 17

friends of the indian

Question 18

what did the friends of the indian do

Answer 18

report corrupt agents and monitored money spent on reservations
helped na children learn english to access jobs in white america
persuaded government to pass the dawes act

Question 19

when was the dawes act

Answer 19

1887

Question 20

what did the dawes act do

Answer 20

gave native american families 160 acres and citizenship if they gave up their clajm to tribal lands
eroded na culture
by 1900 nearly 2/3 land taken over by white settlers

Question 21

who led the ghost dance

Answer 21

wovoka

Question 22

who led the ghost dance

Answer 22

wovoka

Question 23

what did the ghost dancers believe

Answer 23

if they danced and prayed, the white settles would be swept off the land and the buffalo would return

Question 24

why did the ghost dancers lead to concern

Answer 24

white americans living near reservations worried sitting bull was going to join the movement

Question 25

when were an army sent to stop ghost dance movement and arrest them

Answer 25

1890

Question 26

what were sioux police sent to do

Answer 26

arrest sitting bull
was dragged out of his cabin in the snow and shot through the head

Question 27

where did ghost dancers go

Answer 27

ran away to dakota
tracked down at wounded knee
army killed over 250
in 1891 4000 surrendered

Question 28

which campaigners in the 1890s

Answer 28

frederick douglas
ida b wells

Question 29

what did ida b wells do

Answer 29

born enslaved in 1862 and got education thanks to freedman’s bureau
became a teacher and moved to tennessee
sued a train company in 1884 after train crew ordered her to move to a carriage for black americans
raised awareness about the poor treatment of black americans
founding member of naacp 1909

Question 30

life in the south for black americans

Answer 30

cotton industry collapsed
worked as sharecroppers
economy propped up from money from northern owned railroads

Question 31

challenges in the north for black americans

Answer 31

1887 and 1900 black americans left the south for northern cities to look for work
less likely to get jobs even if more qualified
businesses sometimes used black workers to break strikes

Question 32

opportunities in the west for black americans

Answer 32

homestead act open to black americans
1877 benjamin singleton tried to encourage ex slaves to move to kansas and claim land
over 6000 moved to kansas in 79 and doubled by 80
became known as exodusters

Question 33

education for black americans

Answer 33

1882 booker t washington set up school to train black children to be farmers, craftsmen and house servants
100 washington established negro business league to support black businesses
1900 23866 black teachers, 417 black doctors and 300 black lawyers

Question 34

when were jim crow laws introduced

Answer 34

1890s in southern states

Question 35

what did jim crow laws do

Answer 35

introduced segregation
covered separate seating in trains, theatres , churches, parks

Question 36

what did the surpreme court rule in 1896

Answer 36

providing separate facilities was legal
case known as plessy v ferguson and established principle of separate but equal

Question 37

how many black bishops by 1900

Answer 37

26

Question 38

how many books and journals from black authors between 65 and 93

Answer 38

100 books
206 journals
WEB du bois part of an educated northern black elite

Question 39

features of the redeemers

Answer 39

southern state govs run by ex slave holders
tried to undo changes after civil war and reconstruction
brought literacy tests to stop black americans voting, introduced segregation laws, ignored violence against black americans
louisiana 130,000 to 1300 able to vote

Question 40

features of constitutional changes

Answer 40

black americans continued to campaign for better treatment
13th14th15th amendments still existed
south couldn’t make them slaves again

Question 41

features of kkk

Answer 41

violent group believed black inferior to white
banned in 70s but reformed in 90s
lots of influence among people in power including state politicians and southern police
believed south would have won the civil war

Question 42

features of lynching

Answer 42

hanging someone without a proper trial
1892 - 161 black americans lynched by white mobs mainly in south
hardly any responsible arrested

Question 43

growth of big businesses

Answer 43

1901 united states steel corporation formed
his investment in railroads allowed him to buy a steel plant in pittsburgh

Question 44

growth of workers

Answer 44

formed trade unions
1892 dispute over pay led to strike at carnegies steel company
1893 pullman railroad car company cut wages of workers in chicago causing strikes
president sent troops to break the strike and 26 shot

Question 45

growth of big corporations

Answer 45

1877 to 1900 saw huge businesses run by a president and board of shareholders rather than one person
earliest examples were railroad companies
1850 -1900 5,300 manufacturing firms inn usa absorbed into 334

Question 46

impact of big businesses on industry

Answer 46

number of cotton mills doubled by 1900
southern states could support their own cotton growing industry
american tobacco company controlled 90% tobacco production

Question 47

impact of big businesses on people

Answer 47

more cotton factories meant more demand for cotton which was usually picked by black americans or sharecroppers
new factories created low paid and low skilled jobs
american tobacco company controlled nearly all production and no reason to improve wages