D C - Physical features Flashcards
what was a palisade
strong fence made of solid timber driven deep into the ground
strong and quick to build
sometimes a double fence with earth packed between
what was a keep
a strong wooden tower providing a lookout point
an elevated attack position for archers to defend the whole area of the castle
final point of defence from attack
what was a gatehouse
controlled access into castle
sometimes a drawbridge over the ditch could be pulled up to defend the gatehouse from attack
what was a bailey
the enclosure below the motte and protected the palisade and outer defences
where stables and barracks would be for garrison of troops
during attacks local people and livestock could take shelter here
what was a ditch
a cut that surrounded both the bailey and motte
sometimes filled with water, protecting the palisade
what was the motte
a large mound of earth typically 5-7m high
it was fire proof as it was earth
with enough peasant labour a motte was quick to build
how was access to the keep controlled
either up steep steps cut into the motte
or in some castles up a bridge
physical impacts of durham castle
stones making castle very strong so hard to destroy
english people did not like construction due to heavy taxes implemented to pay for construction
english forced to build castles and a lord could build then wherever he liked meaning some villages were cleared
castles positioned on large hills
the stone walls a few metres thick so hard to knock down, forcing enemies towards the gate where attackers could kill
psychological impact of durham castle
construction for castles for new norman lords who replaced old saxon earls causing tension
castles a symbol of norman strength and showed military power of norman army
english had not seen castles before and were intimidated by them
features of the norman arch
extremely detailed chevron design and more detailed than any other in country
arch now inside of castle after tunstall gallery added so it is protected from weather
