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MTLBE > (M) L3.2: RA 9288 - Newborn Screening Act of 2004 > Flashcards

(M) L3.2: RA 9288 - Newborn Screening Act of 2004 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the full title of RA 9288?

A

An Act Promulgating a Comprehensive Policy and a National System for Ensuring Newborn Screening

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2
Q

The Act ensures the rights of children to _______ and full and healthy ________ as normal individuals

A

Survival; Development

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3
Q

The state shall institutionalize a national newborn screening system that is what?

Clue: 3 adjectives

A
  1. Comprehensive
  2. Integrative
  3. Sustainable
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4
Q

The state shall facilitate collaboration among who at the national and local levels?

A

Government and non-government agencies

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5
Q

The newborn screening system shall ensure that every baby born in the Philippines will be spared from heritable conditions that can lead to what?

A

Mental retardation and death

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6
Q

Objectives of RA 9288:

To ensure that every newborn has access to newborn screening for certain heritable conditions that can result in ________ if left undetected and untreated

A

Mental retardation, serious health complications, or death

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7
Q

Objectives of RA 9288:

To establish and integrate a sustainable newborn screening system within the ________

A

Public health delivery system

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8
Q

Objectives of RA 9288:

To ensure that all ________ are aware of the advantages of newborn screening and of their respective responsibilities in offering newborns the opportunity to undergo it

A

Health practitioners

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9
Q

Objectives of RA 9288:

To ensure that parents recognize their responsibility in promoting their child’s right to health and full development, within the context of responsible parenthood, by protecting their child from preventable causes of ________ through newborn screening

A

Disability and Death

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10
Q

What section talks about the objectives of RA 9288?

A

Section 3

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11
Q

Definition of Terms:

A system that includes the ff.:
- education of relevant stakeholders
- collection and biochemical screening of blood samples from newborns
- tracking and confirmatory testing to ensure accuracy
- clinical evaluation and biochemical/medical confirmation of test results
- drug and medical/surgical management
- evaluation activities to address heritable conditions
- evaluation activities to assess long-term outcomes
- patient compliance and quality assurance

A

Comprehensive Newborn Screening System

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12
Q

Definition of Terms:

Monitoring of a newborn with a heritable condition for the purpose of ensuring that they fully comply with the medicine or dietary prescriptions

A

Follow-up

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13
Q

Follow-ups for newborns ensure that the patient fully complies with the medicine or _________

A

Dietary prescriptions

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14
Q

Definition of Terms:

Means hospitals, health infirmaries, health centers, lying-in centers, or puericulture centers with obstetrical and pediatric services whether public or private

A

Health institutions

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15
Q

T or F: Health institutions refer to only public hospitals, health infirmaries, health centers, lying-in centers, or puericulture centers with obstetrical and pediatric services

A

False (private as well)

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16
Q

Definition of Terms:

Means physicians, nurses, midwives, nursing aides, and traditional birth attendees

A

Healthcare practitioner

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17
Q

T or F: Healthcare practitioners refer to doctors and nurses in the hospital only

A

False (includes midwives, nursing aides, and traditional birth attendants)

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18
Q

Definition of Terms:

Refers to any condition that can result to mental retardation, physical deformity, or death if left undetected and untreated and which is usually inherited from the genes of either or both parents

A

Heritable condition

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19
Q

T or F: Heritable conditions result to mental deformity and physical retardation

A

False (mental retardation and physical deformity)

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20
Q

T or F: Heritable conditions can come from either or both parents

A

True

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21
Q

T or F: Heritable conditions have only been found to come from the mothers

A

False (can be either or both parents)

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22
Q

What does NIH mean?

A

National Institute of Health

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23
Q

It is referred to as a “newborn” from the time of complete delivery to how many days old?

A

30 days

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24
Q

Definition of Terms:

The process of collecting a few drops of blood from the newborn onto an appropriate collection card and performing biochemical testing for the determination of a heritable condition

A

Newborn Screening

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25
Q

Definition of Terms:

A facility equipped with a NBS laboratory that complies with the standards established by the NIH and provides all required lab tests and recall/follow-up programs for newborns with heritable conditions

A

Newborn Screening Center

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26
Q

Definition of Terms:

Refers to the central facility at the NIH that defines testing and follow-up protocols, maintains an external laboratory proficiency testing program, oversees the national testing database and case registries, assists in training activities in all aspects of the program, oversees content of educational materials, and acts as the Secretariat of the Advisory Committee on NBS

A

NBS Reference Center

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27
Q

NBS Center or NBS Reference Center (lifted from the manual)?

A facility equipped with a NBS laboratory

A

NBS Center

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28
Q

NBS Center or NBS Reference Center (lifted from the manual)?

Complies with the standards established by the NIH

A

NBS Center

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29
Q

NBS Center or NBS Reference Center (lifted from the manual)?

Provides all required lab tests and recall/follow-up programs for newborns with heritable conditions

A

NBS Center

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30
Q

NBS Center or NBS Reference Center (lifted from the manual)?

The central facility at the NIH that defines testing and follow-up protocols

A

NBS Reference Center

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31
Q

NBS Center or NBS Reference Center (lifted from the manual)?

Maintains an external laboratory proficiency testing program

A

NBS Reference Center

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32
Q

NBS Center or NBS Reference Center (lifted from the manual)?

Oversees the national testing database and case registries

A

NBS Reference Center

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33
Q

NBS Center or NBS Reference Center (lifted from the manual)?

Assists in training activities in all aspects of the program

A

NBS Reference Center

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34
Q

NBS Center or NBS Reference Center (lifted from the manual)?

Oversees content of educational materials

A

NBS Reference Center

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35
Q

NBS Center or NBS Reference Center (lifted from the manual)?

Acts as the Secretariat of the Advisory Committee on Newborn Screening

A

NBS Reference Center

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36
Q

The NBS Reference Center acts as the _________ on Newborn Screening

A

Secretariat of the Advisory Committee

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37
Q

Definition of Terms:

The various means of providing the parents/legal guardians information about newborn screening

A

Parent Education

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38
Q

Definition of Terms:

Procedure for locating a newborn with a possible heritable condition for purposes of providing them with appropriate laboratory tests to confirm the diagnosis and provide treatment

A

Recall

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39
Q

Recall is a procedure that locates a newborn with a possible _________

A

Heritable condition

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40
Q

Definition of Terms:

The provision of prompt, appropriate, and adequate medicine; medical, and surgical management or dietary prescription for the purpose of treating or mitigating adverse health consequences of the heritable condition

A

Treatment

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41
Q

It is imperative to health practitioners to inform the soon to be parents the importance of what?

A

Newborn Screening

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42
Q

T or F: Any health practitioner who delivers, or assists in the delivery, of a newborn in the Philippines shall inform the parents/legal guardians of the availability, nature, and benefits of newborn screening after delivery

A

False (prior to delivery)

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43
Q

T or F: The health practitioner who delivered the newborn is the only one authorized to inform the parents/legal guardians of the NBS

A

False (also those who have assisted)

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44
Q

Appropriate notification and education regarding the obligation to inform the parents/guardians about NBS shall be the responsibility of what?

A

DOH

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45
Q

What section states that “appropriate notification and education regarding the obligation to inform the parents/guardians about NBS shall be the responsibility of DOH”?

A

Section 5

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46
Q

In the case of a complete delivery, when should the NBS be performed?

A

After 24 hours of life but not later than 3 days from delivery date

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47
Q

T or F: Babies classified under complete delivery shall undergo NBS within the first 24 hours of life

A

False (AFTER 24 hours)

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48
Q

For babies placed in the ICU/NICU, when should the NBS be performed?

A

Within 7 days from delivery

49
Q

Give the appropriate timeframe wherein babies can undergo NBS for those with a complete delivery vs. those that were sent to the NICU

A

Complete delivery - after 24 hours of life but not more than 3 days

NICU baby - within 7 days

50
Q

A baby who underwent complete delivery shall be subjected to NBS after how many hours of life?

A

24 hours

51
Q

A baby who underwent complete delivery shall be subjected to NBS not exceeding how many days?

A

3 days

52
Q

Which type of patient is exempted from the requirement to undergo NBS within the first 3 days?

A

Those sent to the NICU

53
Q

Whose JOINT responsibility is it to ensure that NBS is performed on the patient?

A

The parents and the practitioner/other person who delivered the newborn

54
Q

An appropriate informational brochure for parents to assist in fulfilling the responsibility to have their children undergo NBS shall be made available by what?

A

DOH

55
Q

“When should NBS be performed?” falls under what section?

A

Section 6

56
Q

A parent or legal guardian may refuse testing on the grounds of ________

A

Religious Beliefs

57
Q

Parents/guardians who refuse to test their newborns shall acknowledge that their refusal places their newborn at risk for undiagnosed heritable conditions in what form?

A

In writing

58
Q

A copy of the document acknowledging the refusal for NBS shall be made part of the newborn’s _______

A

Medical Record

59
Q

Refusal to test shall be indicated in the national newborn screening _______

A

Database

60
Q

T or F: Consenting to NBS shall appear in the newborn screening database

A

False (refusal)

61
Q

T or F: The original NBS refusal document shall be made part of the newborn’s medical record

A

False (a copy)

62
Q

“Refusal to be tested” is under what section?

A

Section 7

63
Q

What are the 2 governing bodies of the newborn screening programs in the country?

A

DOH and NIH

64
Q

T or F: The NIH shall be the lead agency in implementing this Act with assistance from the DOH

A

False (reverse)

65
Q

The DOH shall be assisted in implementing this act by the NIH and what other organizations?

A
  1. Other government agencies
  2. Professional societies
  3. Non-governmental organizations
66
Q

T or F: The DOH shall conduct continuing information, education, re-education, and training programs for parents on the rationale, benefits, and procedures of newborn screening

A

False (health personnel)

67
Q

The DOH shall disseminate information materials on newborn screening at least how many times a year to all health personnel involved in maternal and pediatric care?

A

Annually (once a year)

68
Q

What shall the DOH disseminate annually to all health personnel involved in maternal and pediatric care?

A

Information materials on NBS

69
Q

“Continuing information, education, re-education, and training programs for health personnel” fall under what section?

A

Section 8

70
Q

What 2 agencies require health institutions to provide newborn screening services as a condition for licensure or accreditation?

A

DOH and PHIC

71
Q

DOH and PHIC requires health institutions to provide newborn screening services as a condition for what?

A

Licensure or accreditation

72
Q

“Licensing and accreditation” fall under what section?

A

Section 9

73
Q

Who shall ensure that NBS Centers are strategically located in order to be accessible to the relevant public?

A

DOH

74
Q

Who shall provide services that comply with the standards approved by the Committee upon the recommendation of the NIH?

A

NBS Center

75
Q

The DOH shall provide services that comply with the standards approved by the _______

A

Committee

76
Q

The DOH shall provide services that comply with the standards approved by the Committee upon the recommendation of the ______

A

NIH

77
Q

No NBS Center shall be allowed to operate unless it has been duly accredited by who?

A

DOH

78
Q

Every NBS Center shall have a certified ______ performing all tests included in the program

A

Laboratory

79
Q

Every NBS Center shall have recall/follow up programs for infants found _______ for any and all of the heritable conditions

A

Positive

80
Q

Every NBS Center shall have ________ programs for infants found positive for any and all of the heritable conditions

A

Recall/Follow-up

81
Q

Every NBS Center shall be supervised and staffed by _________ who have been duly qualified by the NIH

A

Trained personnel

82
Q

Every NBS Center shall be supervised and staffed by trained personnel who have been duly qualified by the _____

A

NIH

83
Q

T or F: Every NBS Center shall be supervised and staffed by trained personnel who have been duly qualified by the DOH

A

False (NIH)

84
Q

Every NBS Center shall submit to periodic announced or unannounced _______ by the Reference Center in order to evaluate and ensure quality performance

A

Inspections

85
Q

Every NBS Center shall submit to periodic announced or unannounced inspections by the ________ in order to evaluate and ensure quality performance

A

Reference Center

86
Q

“Establishment of accreditation of NBS Centers” falls under what section?

A

Section 12

87
Q

Who shall establish a Newborn Screening Reference Center?

A

NIH

88
Q

T or F: The DOH shall establish a NBS Reference Center which shall be responsible for the national testing database and case registries, training, technical assistance, and continuing education for laboratory staff in all NBS Centers

A

False (NIH)

89
Q

The NIH shall establish a _________ which shall be responsible for the national testing database and case registries, training, technical assistance, and continuing education for laboratory staff in all NBS Centers

A

NBS Reference Center

90
Q

“Establishment of a NBS Reference Center” falls under what section?

A

Section 13

91
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

The lead agency in implementing this Act

A

DOH

92
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

Conduct continuing information, education, re-education and training programs for health personnel on the rationale, benefits, and procedures of newborn screening

A

Both

93
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

Disseminate information materials on newborn screening at least annually to all health personnel involved in maternal and pediatric care

A

Both

94
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

Requires health institutions to provide newborn screening services as a condition for licensure or accreditation

A

Neither (it’s DOH and PHIC)

95
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

Shall ensure that Newborn Screening Centers are strategically located in order to be accessible to the relevant public

A

DOH

96
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

This agency shall recommend services that comply with the standards approved by the Committee

A

NIH

97
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

This agency shall approve of the standards to be followed in providing NBS services

A

Neither (Committee)

98
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

No NBS Center shall be allowed to operate unless duly accredited by this entity

A

DOH

99
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

NBS Reference Centers shall be established by this entity

A

NIH

100
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

NBS Reference Centers are the central facilities at this agency

A

NIH

101
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

Every NBS Center shall be supervised and staffed by trained personnel who have been duly qualified by this entity

A

NIH

102
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

This shall have a certified laboratory performing all tests included in the newborn screening program

A

Neither (an NBS Center)

103
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

This shall have a recall/follow up program for infants found positive for any and all of the heritable conditions

A

Neither (an NBS Center)

104
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

This shall be supervised and staffed by trained personnel who have been duly qualified

A

Neither (an NBS Center)

105
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

This shall submit to periodic announced or unannounced inspections by the Reference Center in order to evaluate and ensure quality performance

A

Neither (an NBS Center)

106
Q

DOH, NIH, both, or neither?

Shall establish a Newborn Screening Reference Center, which shall be responsible for the national testing database and case registries, training, technical assistance, and continuing education for laboratory staff in all Newborn Screening Centers

A

NIH

107
Q

This AO provides for the “Revised Guidelines on the Implementation of the Expanded Newborn Screening Program”

A

AO 52 s. 2020

108
Q

What is the title of AO 52 s. 2020?

A

“Revised Guidelines on the Implementation of the Expanded Newborn Screening Program”

109
Q

AO 52 s. 2020 shall apply to all DOH Centers for what?

A

Health Development (CHD)

110
Q

Aside from NBS Centers and NBS Reference Centers, where does AO 52 s. 2020 also apply to?

Clue: There’s 4 specific ones

A
  1. All DOH-CHDs
  2. The Ministry of Health (MOH) of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM)
  3. Institute of Human Genetics
  4. Newborn Screening Facilities (NSFs)

+ all other agencies/stakeholders concerned in the implementation of the program

111
Q

T or F: NBS Centers and NBS Reference Centers fall under the scope of AO 52 s. 2020

A

True

112
Q

T or F: The Department of Health of BARMM falls under the scope of AO 52 s. 2020

A

False (MINISTRY of health)

113
Q

T or F: DOH-CHDs fall under the scope of AO 52 s. 2020

A

True

114
Q

T or F: The Institute of Newborn Genetics falls under the scope of AO 52 s. 2020

A

False (Human Genetics)

115
Q

T or F: NBS Facilities fall under the scope of AO 52 s. 2020

A

True

116
Q

How many disorders in the expanded newborn screening panel are included?

A

28 (and more)

117
Q

Use this as a reviewer for the types of disorders included in NBS in the manual

A
  1. hemoglobinopathies
  2. amino acid disorders
  3. organic acidurias
  4. disorders of fatty acid oxidation
  5. disorders of carbohydrate metabolism
  6. disorders of biotin metabolism
  7. cystic fibrosis
  8. endocrine disorders
118
Q

2 AOs were repealed/rescinded with AO 52 s. 2020, what are those?

A
  1. AO 45 s. 2014
  2. AO 45 s. 2014-A

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