(F) L1.1: Intro to Bioethics and Professional Ethics (Part 1) Flashcards
(104 cards)
1
Q
Referred to as the “ethics of life”
A
Bioethics
2
Q
Etymology of Ethics:
The Greek work which means “characteristic way of living”
A
Ethos
3
Q
Etymology of Ethics:
The Latin equivalent of ethos
A
Mos/Mores
4
Q
Etymology of Ethics:
The Latin word/s for “tradition” or “custom”
A
Mos/Mores
5
Q
One must _____ their actions and ______ their thoughts in order to gain a balance in ethics
A
Analyze actions & Internalize thoughts
6
Q
Ethics
Man is endowed by nature with a ______ sense
A
Moral
7
Q
Ethics
Man is self-conscious of his ______ and submits to the study of doing what is good and avoiding what is wrong
A
Dignity
8
Q
Defined as the science of the morality of human acts, and because actions reflect the motives of the doer
A
Ethics
9
Q
Ethics is defined as the science of the _______ of human acts
A
Morality
10
Q
Defined as the study of human motivation and rational behavior
A
Ethics
11
Q
Ethics is defined as the study of human _________ and rational behavior
A
Motivation
12
Q
Defined as the study of human motivation and _______ behavior
A
Rational
13
Q
Defined as the practical science of morality of human conduct
A
Ethics
14
Q
Ethics is defined as the _______ science of morality of human conduct
A
Practical
15
Q
Refers to actions performed by man, knowingly and freely
A
Human Acts
16
Q
These are also called as deliberate, intentional, or voluntary actions
A
Human Acts
17
Q
These are differentiated from the “acts of man” which are instinctive and involuntary
A
Human Acts
18
Q
What is the difference between “human acts” and “acts of man”?
A
Human Acts are performed knowingly and freely (deliberate, intentional, or voluntary) while Acts of Man are instinctive and involuntary
19
Q
This is the quality of human acts by which they are constituted as good, bad, or indifferent
A
Morality
20
Q
Morality
Whatever is good is described as ______
A
Moral
21
Q
Morality
Whatever is bad is described as ______
A
Immoral
22
Q
Morality
Whatever is indifferent is described as ______
A
Amoral (in between)
23
Q
This is the quality of human acts whereby it measures up to what it should be as a step towards the objective last end of human action, or fails so to measure up
A
Morality
24
Q
Morality consists of the relation existing between ______ and ________
A
Human Acts & Norm of Morality Ethics
25
Refers to the standards of morality
Norms
26
Refers to the standards or norms of ethics in general
Morality
27
These reveal the thoughts and inclinations of a person doing them
Human Acts
28
These are manifestations of one's character/moral conduct
Human Acts
29
Norms of Morality:
A person with the habit/inclination to do good is said to be _______
Virtuous
30
Norms of Morality:
A person with the habit/inclination to do wrong is said to be _______
Vicious
31
Norms of Morality:
This word came from the word "vices" which describes a person with the habit/inclination to do wrong
Vicious
32
Norms of Morality:
This word came from the word "virtues" which describes a person with the habit/inclination to do good
Virtuous
33
This pronounces on individual human acts in a word of conscience
Human Reason
34
Constituents of the Norm of Morality:
A law which describes divine reason (from God)
Eternal Law
35
Constituents of the Norm of Morality:
An internal entity which describes human reason
Conscience
36
Human acts are _____ when they agree with the dictates of reason
Good
37
Human acts are _____ when they do not agree with the dictates of divine and human reasons
Evil
38
Morality is a human standard based on what law?
Natural Law
39
This law is embedded in man's conscience and which guides him to do good or avoid evil
Natural Law
40
Refers to doing an act which is contrary to a good conscience
Immorality
41
Refers to everything which is done contrary to justice or good morals
Moral Turpitude (corruption)
42
Refers to the conduct which is willful, flagrant, and which shows a moral influence to the opinion of the good and respectable members of the community
Immoral Conduct
43
This is distinguished from good reputation and is not a subjective term but rather corresponds to objective reality
Moral Character
44
This is what a person really is not what he or other people think he is
Moral Character
45
What are the bases of MT ethics?
1. 1968 Code of Ethics of Medical Technologists
2. Professional Code of Ethics
3. RA 5527
4. 1992 Revised Code of Ethics of Medical Technologists
46
What organization came up with the 1968 Code of Ethics of Medical Technologists?
PAMET
47
When was the 1968 Code of Ethics of Medical Technologists FIRST revised?
1992
48
The 1992 Code of Ethics of Medical Technologists revision was made under whose PAMET presidency?
Mrs. Marilyn Atienza (a board examinee)
49
Refers to the supreme law of the land to which all laws, rules, and regulations must conform
Philippine Constitution
50
Present Basis of the MT Ethics:
The 1997 Revised MT Code of Ethics was done under whose PAMET presidency?
Norma Nuñez Chang
51
Present Basis of the MT Ethics:
When was the MT Code of Ethics under Chang's presidency revised?
March 7, 1997
52
Present Basis of the MT Ethics:
In 2012, an in-depth review and analysis was done by the PRC committee's two members, which are?
1. Hon. Marian Tantingco
2. Hon. Marilyn Atienza
53
Present Basis of the MT Ethics (give the names corresponding of their position):
1. Past PAMET president
2. Current PASMETH president
3. Past PASMETH president
4. Past PASMETH president and presented the analysis based on ethical principles and theories
1. Dr. Leila Florento
2. Mr. Bernard U. Ebuen
3. Dr. Magdalena F. Natividad
4. Dean Zenaida Capistrano-Cajucom
54
Committee on Ethics and Professional Practice (2018-2021):
Who are the advisers?
Board of MT
55
Committee on Ethics and Professional Practice (2018-2021):
Who is the chairman?
Razel Kawano
56
Committee on Ethics and Professional Practice (2018-2021):
Who is the vice chairman?
Zenaida C. Cajucom
57
Committee on Ethics and Professional Practice (2018-2021):
Where are the members from?
PAMET and PASMETH
58
Currently, the PRC is working on the finalization of the revision of the code of ethics composed of who?
(3 answers)
1. PRC Board of MT
2. Marilyn Barza (chairman)
3. Marian Tantingco (member)
59
This is the branch of moral science that deals with the duties of a MT to his patient, colleagues, the profession, and the public
Medical Technology Ethics
60
What are the 4 important kinds of ethics that we have to apply in our lives?
1. Normative Ethics
2. Personal Ethics
3. Social Ethics
4. Professional Ethics
61
This word is etymologically related to the Anglo-Saxon word for "healing, holiness, and wholeness"
Health
62
The root of the word "health" denotes _________
Completeness
63
Referred to as a structure with all its parts each properly proportioned and in their places
Completeness/Whole
64
Health can be considered dynamically as a functional _______ where all necessary functions are present and acting cooperatively and harmoniously
Whole
65
This is a state of being in which an individual does the best with the capacities he has and acts in ways that maximize it
Health
66
Health in medicine today is commonly defined in terms of standard _________ parameters
Physiological
67
Defined by a model of what is physiologically usual or average
Health
68
T or F: What is identifiably healthy for one individual does not indicate a state of health for another
True
69
Health is better as _______ functioning
Optimal
70
In health, each organ and system is functioning well and together to form what?
A single life form
71
T or F: Health strictly refers to the absence of disease/infirmity
False (it is a state of complete physical, mental, and social being)
72
T or F: Disease and infirmity are exact contraries to health
False (health is optimal functioning)
73
T or F: An organism can be healthy in a narrow sense without actually being used to its full capacity
True
74
T or F: An organism cannot fall short of optimal functioning without actually being diseased or infirmed
False (can be)
75
Less than optimal functioning of health can soon lead to what?
Dysfunction (bad function)
76
Concepts of Disease:
This regards diseases as separate entities that can be classified and named like plants and animals
Ontological
77
Concepts of Disease:
This supports the theory that the organism constantly fights to throw off such diseases as alien invaders which disturb homeostasis
Ontological
78
Concepts of Disease:
This views disease as a breakdown of the internal harmony of the organic system due to the hyper or hypofunctioning of an organ
Physiological
79
Concepts of Disease:
This leads an organism to be attacked by external agents
Dysfunction
80
Concepts of Disease:
The central tradition of medicine has always tried to reconcile ontological and physiological concepts according to who?
Greek Physician, Hippocrates
81
Concepts of Disease:
Health is an internal ______ or harmony while disease is an _________
Homeostasis and Imbalance
82
Concepts of Disease:
Death is always the result of ______
Disease
83
Concepts of Disease:
T or F: Death is said to be natural
False (in the Greek sense, natural means optimal functioning or health)
84
Concepts of Disease:
Death is viewed to be due to injuries done to organisms from the _______ and not from intrinsic tendencies
Environment
85
Ontological Theory of Disease:
One that maintains itself perpetually when not disturbed but has its limits to its power of self-maintenance
Homeostatic System
86
Ontological Theory of Disease:
When the environment is altered beyond a certain normal range, the organism is unable to _______
Survive
87
Why is ethics a practical science:
It is ______ because it implies direction
Practical
88
Why is ethics a practical science:
It is a ______ because it deals with a complete and systematically arranged body of data and presents the reasons which show these data to be true
Science
89
Why is ethics a practical science:
It is ______ because it is related to the dictates of reason and how it should be
Moral
90
Why is ethics a practical science:
It is ______ because it deals with deliberate and free human activity and how one should act
Of Human Conduct
91
"Bio" and "ethics" mean what in order to form "bioethics"?
"Bio" = life while "ethics" = morality
92
This is a branch of ethics that deals with the problems of life and dying, of health and healing
Bioethics
93
Bioethics focuses our attention to the need for a ______ world in accordance with the dictates of reason
Healthier
94
Who stated that our main concern and perspective should be the promotion of healthy relationships and of co-responsibility in creative liberty and fidelity?
Bernard Haring
95
This is an attempt to rationalize application and use of the many advantages of medicine and in paramedical sciences
Bioethics
96
Bioethics:
A _______ of thinking is called for because no field can claim the territory of life, many specialties and disciplines are needed
Revolution
97
A division of ethics that relates to human life as the ethics of the life sciences and health care, both delivery and research
Health Ethics (old term) or Bioethics (current term used)
98
T or F: Bioethics and Health Ethics are not viewed as synonymous
False
99
Which is more limited between health ethics and bioethics?
Health Ethics (it continues itself to the moral behavior in relation to health)
100
A division of ethics that relates to professional behavior
Professional Ethics
101
T or F: The practice of a profession cannot be regulated entirely by a legislation
True (hence why each profession subscribes to a set of moral codes)
102
This guides the actuation of a professional where the law is silent/inadequate
Code of Ethics
103
This implies that before anything else, a professional is a person who has the obligation to listen to the dictates of reason
Code of Ethics
104
The Code of Ethics implies that before anything else, a professional is a person who has the obligation to listen to what?
Dictates of Reason
