(F) L1.2: Intro to Bioethics and Professional Ethics (Part 2)

Question 1

Importance of Bioethics:

Ethics is an ________ knowledge

Answer 1

Indispensable

Question 2

Importance of Bioethics:

Without this, man is only an animal

Answer 2

Moral Perception

Question 3

Importance of Bioethics:

Without this, man as a rational being is a failure

Answer 3

Morality

Question 4

Importance of Bioethics:

Because _____ is too essential to be dismissed, the creator has seen it fit to fight man with the natural insight of it

Answer 4

Moral Knowledge

Question 5

Importance of Bioethics:

A ______ who finds inconvenient reasons to turn his back from ethics will discover that he is the center of it

Answer 5

Modern Man

Question 6

Importance of Bioethics:

This is the only true measure of what man is ought to be

Answer 6

Moral Integrity

Question 7

Importance of Bioethics:

Philosophers speak of ethics as the only what?

Answer 7

Necessary knowledge

Question 8

Importance of Bioethics:

Who stated this quote: “Forgetting that man’s greatness, perfection, and happiness, his whole meaning, consists in transcending the commonly accepted human good”

Answer 8

Jacques Leclercq

Question 9

Importance of Bioethics:

This is the foundation of every human society

Answer 9

Morality

Question 10

Importance of Bioethics:

Who stated this: “Without civic morality, communities perish, without personal morality, their survival has no value”

Answer 10

Russell

Question 11

Importance of Bioethics:

According to Russell, without this, communities will perish

Answer 11

Civic Morality

Question 12

Importance of Bioethics:

According to Russell, without this, a human’s survival has no value

Answer 12

Personal Morality

Question 13

Importance of Bioethics:

T or F: Every culture admits the importance of morality as a standard of behavior, so when moral foundations are threatened, the society is preserved from the threats

Answer 13

False (society is also threatened)

Question 14

Importance of Bioethics:

This should be the priority on who is to get what and how much, in terms of financial and human forces

Answer 14

Finitude of Resources

Finitude: State of having limits

Question 15

Importance of Bioethics:

Tales of abuse of rights and autonomy arouse what emotions?

Answer 15

Shame and indignation

Question 16

Importance of Bioethics:

Healthcare is NOT morally ______

Answer 16

Neutral

Question 17

Importance of Bioethics:

Every healthcare provider is a _______ who must judge the goodness or evil of his goals and actions

Answer 17

Moral Agent

Question 18

Importance of Bioethics:

Healthcare providers cannot depend on __________ as it can only judge the effectiveness of the means to achieve the goal

Answer 18

Scientific Knowledge

Question 19

Importance of Bioethics:

Goodness must be determined by what 3 considerations of man?

Answer 19

1. Needs
2. Values
3. Ultimate Ends

Question 20

Importance of Bioethics:

T or F: Science is safe in the hands of those who don’t match their scientific knowledge with their ethical knowledge and sensitivity

Answer 20

False (not safe)

Question 21

Needs of the Person:

Healthcare professionals make technical decisions, but because medicine involves human needs and values, it also becomes what type of decision?

Answer 21

Ethical Decision

Question 22

Needs of the Person:

Nothing is more human and personal than _____ because when you’re concerned about this, it goes beyond physical well-being (emotional and psychological as well)

Answer 22

Health

Question 23

Needs of the Person:

Every human person has an inner ______ and inherent ______ because he is a human person

Answer 23

Inner worth and Inherent dignity

Question 24

Needs of the Person:

The human being is not a static entity, but rather a ______ system of needs

Answer 24

Dynamic

Question 25

Needs of the Person: Decisions about health must aim at the _______ integrated satisfaction of a human's needs

Answer 25

Maximum

Question 26

Needs of the Person: Certain actions may never be done because performing them would constitute a violation against a person's ______, both to whom the action is directed and the one performing it

Answer 26

Dignity

Question 27

The Human Act: This entity is creative because he possesses tremendous bodily and spiritual powers

Answer 27

Si batman char, "man" ang sagot

Question 28

The Human Act: A man acts to ______ himself in the world around him for every minute of his life

Answer 28

Transform

Question 29

The Human Act: ______ constitute a person; someone who is in control of himself and is accountable

Answer 29

Actions

Question 30

The Human Act: What a person is and what becomes of him is largely dependent on the type of ______ he performs

Answer 30

Actions

Question 30

Refers to actions where man knows what he is doing and freely chooses to do what he does

Answer 30

Human Acts

Question 31

Refers to actions that are instinctive and are not within the control of the will; these are biological and physiological movements such as metabolism, respiration, fear, anger, love, and jealousy

Answer 31

Acts of Man

Question 32

Characteristics of an Act to be Considered as a Human Act: - What it is about and what it means - Performed by a conscious agent who is aware of his actions and its consequences - Children below the age of reason are incapable of acting knowingly

Answer 32

Knowledge

Question 33

Characteristics of an Act to be Considered as a Human Act: These types of people are referred to being incapable of acting knowingly (3 answers)

Answer 33

1. Children 2. Insane 3. Senile

Question 34

Characteristics of an Act to be Considered as a Human Act: - To do or leave it undone without coercion or constraint - It implies voluntariness which rationally chooses the object by deliberate will - Performed by an agent who is acting freely by his own volition and powers

Answer 34

Freedom

Question 35

Characteristics of an Act to be Considered as a Human Act: T or F: Voluntariness implies freedom

Answer 35

False (does not)

Question 36

Characteristics of an Act to be Considered as a Human Act: - Performed by an agent who intentionally decides to perform the act - Resolve to perform an act here and now or in some future time

Answer 36

Willfulness

Question 37

Conscience: This is the proximate norm of morality

Answer 37

Conscience

Question 38

Conscience: Conscience is the _______ norm of morality because it confronts an action good or bad

Answer 38

Proximate

Question 39

Conscience: Conscience is derived from the Latin word "conscientia" which means what?

Answer 39

"Trial of oneself" (both in accusation and in defense)

Question 40

Conscience: Conscience is the personal practical judgement of ______ upon a particular act as good (to be performed) and evil (to be avoided)

Answer 40

Reason

Question 41

Conscience: T or F: Conscience involves reasoning

Answer 41

True

Question 42

Conscience: T or F: Conscience is about moral principles

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Conscience: Conscience is about teaching a specific ______ which declares something to be done or avoided to fulfill a person's needs

Answer 43

Decision

Question 44

Conscience: Conscience is a _________ because it is an inference whose conclusion leads to something practical

Answer 44

Practical Judgement

Question 45

Conscience: Conscience's main function is to determine what ______ in a given situation

Answer 45

Ought to be done

Question 46

Conscience: Conscience assumes the role of ______ or _______ after the commission of an act

Answer 46

Approving or Reproving

Question 47

Conscience: A reproving conscience is called a _________

Answer 47

Guilty Conscience

Question 48

Conscience: Conscience must be rooted in _______ and _________ and not a mere will or desire (a blind choice)

Answer 48

Reality and Truth

Question 49

Conscience: T or F: Affection, will, and reason are involved in unbalanced moral decision making

Answer 49

False (balanced)

Question 50

Conscience: Conscience can be an ______ when one misunderstands the principles, misjudges facts, or is led by misguided affections

Answer 50

Error

Question 51

Conscience: One is guilty of erroneous decisions of conscience only if it is within one's capability and freedom to _________

Answer 51

Prevent the error (if the person could not have known or was not free, there is no morality)

Question 52

Kinds of Conscience: This kind judges correctly that what is good is good and what is evil is evil

Answer 52

Correct/True Conscience

Question 53

Kinds of Conscience: This kind judges incorrectly that what is good is evil and what is evil is good

Answer 53

Incorrect/False Conscience

Question 54

Kinds of Erroneous Conscience: This kind is where the error is not willfully intended (ignorance of the fact)

Answer 54

Inculpable Conscience

Question 55

Kinds of Erroneous Conscience: This kind is where the error is due to neglect or malice

Answer 55

Culpable Conscience

Question 56

Where does the difference lie between a culpable and inculpable conscience?

Answer 56

Distinction between a voluntary and involuntary error

Question 57

T or F: It is a culpable conscience if the error is involuntary

Answer 57

False (voluntary)

Question 58

T or F: It is an inculpable conscience if the error is voluntary

Answer 58

False (involuntary; an honest mistake)

Question 59

Kinds of Erroneous Conscience: This kind is a subjective assurance of the lawfulness or unlawfulness of an act; it implies that the person is sure of their decision

Answer 59

Certain Conscience

Question 60

Kinds of Erroneous Conscience: This kind is an indecisive one, unable to form a definite judgement on an action

Answer 60

Doubtful Conscience

Question 61

Kinds of Erroneous Conscience: What conscience must be allowed to settle its doubts before performing any action?

Answer 61

Doubtful Conscience

Question 62

Kinds of Erroneous Conscience: This kind is a rigorous one, extremely afraid of committing evil, is meticulous, and wants inconvertible proof before acting

Answer 62

Scrupulous Conscience

Question 63

Kinds of Erroneous Conscience: This kind refuses to be bothered about the distinction of good and evil; it rushes on and is quick to justify impulses

Answer 63

Lax Conscience

Question 64

Healthcare Profession: Who explains the word "profession" in terms of social value?

Answer 64

Robert Merton

Question 65

Healthcare Profession: Identify the kind of value (knowing, doing, and helping): Value placed upon systematic intellect

Answer 65

Knowing

Question 66

Healthcare Profession: Identify the kind of value (knowing, doing, and helping): Value placed upon technical skills and trained capacity

Answer 66

Doing

Question 67

Healthcare Profession: Identify the kind of value (knowing, doing, and helping): Value placed upon putting one's conjoint knowledge and skill to give service to others

Answer 67

Helping

Question 68

Healthcare Profession: These people (2) use a scale to define a professional based on 6 operational attributes

Answer 68

Moore and Rosenblum

Question 69

6 operational attributes according to Moore and Rosenblum: Professionals practice ______ occupations

Answer 69

Full-time

Question 70

6 operational attributes according to Moore and Rosenblum: Professionals treat their occupation as an enduring set of normative and behavioral ________

Answer 70

Expectations

Question 71

6 operational attributes according to Moore and Rosenblum: Professionals are identified with their ______ often in formalized organizations

Answer 71

Peers

Question 72

6 operational attributes according to Moore and Rosenblum: Professionals have unusual but useful knowledge and skills through specialized _______ which is lengthy and difficult

Answer 72

Education

Question 73

6 operational attributes according to Moore and Rosenblum: Professionals are expected to have service _______ so as to perceive the needs of their client relevant to their competency

Answer 73

Orientation

Question 74

6 operational attributes according to Moore and Rosenblum: Professionals have ______ of judgement and _______ restrained by responsibility in using their knowledge and skill

Answer 74

Autonomy and Authority

Question 75

Healthcare Profession: A true profession is aimed at _______, it does not produce things external to people but is a service directly to the person themselves

Answer 75

Practice

Question 76

Healthcare Profession: A service provided by a profession is not applied to those who receive it ________

Answer 76

Passively (facilitates the persons' own activity)

Question 77

Healthcare Profession: Refers to receiving aid for problems which are deeply personal and involves life or death matters

Answer 77

Professional Help (we all need it)

Question 78

Healthcare Profession: The relationship of a healthcare provider and a patient is not contract-based but rather _______

Answer 78

Covenant (a healthcare giver offers help and a dependent patient receives it)

Question 79

Characteristics of Trust: Ethical decisions about health depend on the cooperative effort of patients and professionals wherein the patient is made aware of the facts in order for them to make __________

Answer 79

An informed decision/conscience

Question 80

Healthcare Profession: These people pool information and expertise onto the table when making ethical decisions

Answer 80

Members of the health team

Question 81

Refers to the obligation to provide healthcare belonging to the individual patient, healthcare professional, or society

Answer 81

Healthcare Provision

Question 82

The extent to which healthcare should be provided when a disorder is self-inflicted, preventable, or incurable

Answer 82

Healthcare Provision

Question 83

What are the limitations (2) of healthcare provision?

Answer 83

Scarce resources and justice

Question 84

T or F: To care for one's health is an obligation and therefore has the right to seek and receive healthcare

Answer 84

True

Question 85

A sick individual becomes a patient based on what 2 conditions?

Answer 85

1. They admit they are sick 2. They can no longer take care of themselves

Question 86

Healthcare Provider: They must be an advocate for the ______ and keep their best interests as their first priority

Answer 86

Patient

Question 87

Healthcare Provider: They must be competent in both ______ and _______ skills

Answer 87

Scientific and Interpersonal

Question 88

Healthcare Provider: One must recognize their own _____ and ask for help when needed

Answer 88

Limitations

Question 89

Healthcare Provider: As an ______, he must contribute to knowledge, conduct himself in an ethical and professional way, and be worthy of being a role model

Answer 89

Authority

Question 90

Healthcare Provider: They must not only maintain but _______ the standards of their profession

Answer 90

Upgrade

Question 91

Healthcare Provider: A good healthcare provider must be ______ in mind and hand

Answer 91

Competent

Question 92

Healthcare Provider: A good healthcare provider must be ______ at heart

Answer 92

Compassionate

Question 93

What are the 3 H's which constitute the effective domains in education?

Answer 93

Hand, Head, and Heart

Question 94

3 H's (Hand, Head, and Heart) Refers to psychomotor skills

Answer 94

Hand

Question 95

3 H's (Hand, Head, and Heart) Refers to the quality of being competent

Answer 95

Head

Question 96

3 H's (Hand, Head, and Heart) Refers to the quality of being compasionate

Answer 96

Heart

Question 97

A healthcare provider has a right to _______ when making personal inquiries or examining the patient

Answer 97

Cooperation