M

Question 1

Magnesium

Answer 1

The element needed for synthesis of chlorophyll. it is absorbed by the roots in the form of magnesium ions.

Question 2

Malnutrition

Answer 2

The condition caused by eating an unbalanced diet. undernutrition occurs when a diet is deficient in one or more food types. overnutrition can lead to obesity and coronary heart disease.

Question 3

Maltase

Answer 3

The enzyme that breaks down maltose to glucose.

Question 4

Mechanical digestion

Answer 4

The breakdown of food into smaller pieces without chemical change to the food molecules.

Question 5

Meiosis

Answer 5

A type of division of the nucleus to reduce the chromosome number by half. diploid nuclei give rise to haploid nuclei. also called a reduction division.

Question 6

Memory cells

Answer 6

Lymphocytes produced during the first invasion of a pathogen or to a vaccine; these cells provide a fast immune response to infection.

Question 7

Menstrual cycle

Answer 7

The sequence of events, that occurs in a woman, where the lining of the uterus thickens in order to receive a fertilised egg after ovulation. the cycle is controlled by hormones from the pituitary gland and the ovaries.

Question 8

Menstruation

Answer 8

The breakdown of the soft lining of the uterus, discharging blood and cells through the vagina.

Question 9

Metabolism

Answer 9

All the chemical reactions that take place inside a living organism.

Question 10

Microorganism (microbe)

Answer 10

Microscopic organisms that take place inside a living organism.

Question 11

Mineral salts

Answer 11

Inorganic nutrients such as iron and calcium that are needed for a balanced diet. Also required by plants to make compounds, such as amino acids.

Question 12

Mitochondrion

Answer 12

cell structure where aerobic respiration occurs.

Question 13

Mitosis

Answer 13

a type of division of the nucleus that gives rise to genetically identical cells in which the chromosome number is maintained by the exact duplication of chromosomes.

Question 14

Monocotyledon

Answer 14

A type of flowering plant with an embryo with one cotyledon and parallel veins in its leaves.

Question 15

Monohybrid inheritance

Answer 15

The inheritance of one gene with two or more alleles.

Question 16

Motor (effector) neurone

Answer 16

A neurone that transmits impulses away from the brain or spinal cord to effector organs, e.g. muscles and glands.

Question 17

Movement

Answer 17

An action by an organism causing a change of position or place.

Question 18

Mucus

Answer 18

A slimy, sticky substance that traps dust and some microbes in the air pathways. it also acts as a lubricant to help the passage of food along the gut.

Question 19

Muscle

Answer 19

Tissue that is capable of contracting and relaxing to bring about movement of bones at joints. muscle tissue also moves food along our gut and keeps our heart beating.

Question 20

Mutation

Answer 20

A change in a gene or in a chromosome.

Question 21

Mycelium

Answer 21

A network of thin threads (hyphae) that make up the body of a fungus.