Lymphatics (+ Circulatory system pt 2) Flashcards
Lymphatic System acts as an ”overflow” system that provides for
drainage of:
–Surplus tissue fluid and leaked plasma proteins to the
blood stream
–Removal of debris from cellular decomposition and
infection
Lymphatic System: Filters bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells picked
up in ____
interstitial spaces
Functions of the Lymph system: (4)
1) overflow system for draining
2) Filter
3) formation of defense mechanism for body
4) Absorption and transport of dietary fat
When foreign protein is drained from an infected area,
antibodies specific to the protein are produced by ____
and dispatched to the infected area
immunologically competent cells and/or lymphocytes
_____ are networks of lymphatic
capillaries that have blind openings in the interstitial
spaces of most tissues
Lymphatic plexuses
Lymphatic plexuses: These vessels lack a ___ and can
easily collect fluid, proteins, bacteria, cellular debris,
and even whole cells
basement membrane
Lymph has a similar composition to ___
blood plasma
Lymphatic vessels drain lymph from ___
all around the body.
lymphatic capillaries
T/F: Lymphatic Vessels are thick-walled and have very few valves
FALSE: These are thin-walled vessels with abundant lymphatic valves.
T/F: Lymphatic Vessels are not found in teeth, bone
marrow, and entire CNS
TRUE
– small masses of lymphatic tissue, are
found along the course of lymphatic vessels.
Lymph nodes,
lymph
is filtered on its way to the venous system in ___
lymph nodes
Multiple lymphatic vessels merge to form ___
lymphatic
trunks
Multiple lymphatic trunks merge to form ___
lymphatic
ducts.
two lymphatic ducts in the human body:
the thoracic
duct and the right lymphatic duct
right lymphatic duct drains into:
right venous angle
the thoracic
duct drains into:
Left venous angle
drains lymph from Body’s upper right
quadrant, which
includes the right side
of the head, neck, and
thorax plus the right
upper limb
Right lymphatic duct
drains lymph from Remainder of the body (entire
left side of body and lower
right quadrant
thoracic duct
The lymphatic trunks draining
the lower half of the body
merge in the abdomen,
sometimes forming a dilated
collecting sac called the
____
cisterna chyli.
where the subclavian vein meets the
internal jugular vein on each side of the body
Venous angle
=
where left subclavian
vein meets left internal
jugular vein
Left venous angle
The lymph will join back into venous circulation to return to the ___
heart
Lymph arriving at
lymph node uses ____ vessels
afferent vessels
____are circulating cells of the
immune system that react against foreign
materials
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes involves in adaptive immunity
T-Cells
Lymphocytes involves in humoral immunity –> antibodies
B-cells
Parts of the body that produce lymphocytes
(primary lymphoid organs):
- Thymus
- Red bone marrow
Parts of the body where lymphocytes fight off
bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances
(secondary lymphoid organs):
–Lymph nodes
* Spleen
* Tonsils
* Solitary and aggregated lymphoid nodules in walls
of alimentary tract and appendix
–More numerous than veins in the
subcutaneous tissue
* Anastomose freely and converge
toward and follow the venous
drainage
Superficial Lymphatic vessels
Drain into deep lymphatic vessels
Superficial Lymphatic vessels
–Accompany the arteries and receive
the drainage of internal organs
–Movement of lymph in ___ vessels
is like accompanying veins
Deep lymphatic vessels (Remember they also have valves!)
Both superficial and deep lymphatic vessels traverse lymph nodes as they course
____, becoming larger as they merge with vessels draining adjacent regions.
proximally
Both superficial and deep lymphatic vessels traverse lymph nodes as they course
proximally, becoming ___as they merge with vessels draining adjacent regions.
larger
Superficial lymphatic
vessels and lymph nodes
follow ____
drainage
cutaneous venous
Deep lymphatic vessels
and lymph nodes follow
____
muscular arteries and
accompanying veins
Superficial and deep lymphatic vessels follow
different routes until they converge more
___
proximally
located in the neck, drain
lymph fluid from the cervical lymph nodes of the
neck
Jugular lymph trunks
located beneath the
clavicle, drain lymph fluid from the apical lymph
nodes around the armpit, which carry lymph from
the arms
Subclavian lymph trunks
located in the
chest, drain lymph fluid from the lungs, heart,
trachea, mediastinal, and mammary glands
Bronchomediastinal lymph trunks,
the lower pair of lymph
trunks that drain lymph fluid from the legs, pelvic
region, and kidneys
Lumbar lymph trunks
____ is the unpaired lymph trunk
that receives chyle (lymph mixed with fats) from the
intestines. Chyle typically has a high fatty acid
content.
Intestinal lymph trunk
Which lymph trunks drain into the right lymphatic duct?
R Subclavian, R Jugular, R bronchiomediasthinal trunk
How do valves in lymph vessels affect flow?
Only allow flow in one direction
___ occurs when lymph does not drain from an
area of the body
Lymphedema
Cells loosened from the primary cancer site of epithelial tumors
can enter lymphatic vessels. Once trapped by ____,
these can become secondary (metastatic) cancer sites
lymph nodes
Are cancerous lymph nodes painful when compressed?
No–infected nodes are
