Circulatory System (Lymphatics Pt 1) Flashcards
Cardiovascular System + Lymphatic System =
Circulatory System
Components of Cardiovascular System
heart, blood vessels, blood
Components of lymphatic System
Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, and lymph
Goals of the Vascular System
- Arterial supply delivers oxygen-rich blood to cells/tissues/organs
- Venous drainage carries away oxygen depleted blood from cells/tissues/organs
- Capillary networks act to exchange oxygen and nutrients for carbon dioxide, as the
go-between for arteries and veins
Arterial supply delivers oxygen-____ blood to cells/tissues/organs
oxygen rich
Venous drainage carries away oxygen depleted blood from ____
cells/tissues/organs
Capillary networks act to exchange oxygen and nutrients for _____, as the
go-between for arteries and veins
carbon dioxide
Where does the exchange of oxygenated vs deoxygenated blood occur?
Capillary beds
Arteries are traveling ______ the heart and veins are traveling ___ the heart
Arteries (away) Veins (to)
The heart acts as two muscular pumps that act in
series, dividing the circulation into two
components:
Pulmonary and Systematic Circulation
In ______ Circulation: Low-oxygen blood returning from systemic
circulation is propelled into the lungs by the right
ventricle (RV)
Pulmonary
In Pulmonary Circulation: carbon dioxide exchanged for oxygen in the
____ of the lungs
capillaries
Oxygen-rich blood is returned to the ____ via
the pulmonary veins of the lung
left atrium
In Pulmonary Circulation: Oxygen-rich blood is returned to the left atrium via
the _____ of the lung
pulmonary veins
In Systematic Circulation: Oxygen-rich blood returning from pulmonary
circulation is propelled through ______
systemic arteries
(aorta and its branches)
(Systematic Circulation)
In tissues, ____ are exchanged for _______ in the body’s capillaries
oxygen and nutrients exchanged for CO2
(Systematic Circulation)
Low-oxygen blood is returned to the _____
via systemic veins (tributaries of superior and
inferior vena cava)
right atrium
What is special about the pulmonary artery?
Only artery in the body transporting oxygen-poor blood
In pulmonary circulation: blood coming from ___ and eventually entering _____
Right ventricle, left atrium
In systematic circulation: blood coming from ___ and eventually entering _____
left ventricle to right atrium
Systemic Circulation Contains Many
____ Circuits
Parallel
_____ arteries serve the various regions
and/or organ systems of the body
Systemic
How are blood vessels named?
Blood vessels share names with either the
body region they traverse or the bone next to
them
- Some are named for the structure they supply
– connections between multiple branches of
an artery provide numerous potential detours for blood flow
in case the usual pathway is obstructed
Anastomoses
Examples of obstructions of blood flow that may result in utilization of anastomoses:
- Compression of artery due to position of a joint
- Pathology
- Surgical ligation
– smaller alternative channels of blood
flow can increase in size over time if a main channel is
occluded
Collateral Circulation
What is collateral circulation?
– smaller alternative channels of blood
flow can increase in size over time if a main channel is
occluded
large network of blood vessels within an
organ system
Vascular plexus
Vascular plexus that drains blood from
vertebral canal,
bones, and bone
marrow
Internal vertebral
venous plexus
Arteries and veins consist of three tunic layers:
Tunica adventitia/externa, Tunica media, Tunica intima
inside of blood
vessel (contains blood)
lumen
Outermost layer of a blood vessel
Tunica adventitia/externa
What fibers are found in Tunica adventitia/externa? What tissue is it?
collagen and elastic fibers; contains nerve fibers; Connective tissue layer
Layer of blood vessel that helps anchor the vessel to other tissues, protects and
supports vessel
Tunica adventitia/externa
–Middle, muscular layer of a blood vessel
–Usually containing smooth muscle under autonomic
control
–most variable layer
Tunica media
Tunica Intima is what layer of a blood vessel? What is type of tissue is it?
Innermost; endothelial layer
–Single layer of flattened epithelial cells (endothelium)
–Supported by a basement membrane
–Closest to lumen of vessel
Tunica Intima
Capillaries only contain this layer
Tunica intima (endothelial layer)
Smooth muscle in tunica media is under ____ control
autonomic control (sympathetic and
parasympathetics)
Vasoconstriction – narrowing of blood vessel lumen (muscle _____)
contraction
this layer of a blood vessel is involved with vasodilation and vasoconstriction
Tunica Media
____ pressure created by:
* Elevated pressure of blood from being “pumped” by
the heart
* Elastic nature of the arterial walls
* Minimum amount of pressure from gravity
Hydrostatic Pressure
T/F: Hydrostatic pressure will affect the movement of
materials into capillaries
False: Hydrostatic pressure will affect the movement of
materials out of capillaries
Arteries: Tunica Adventitia consists of
Elastin and collagen
* Vasa variorum (vessels of vessels