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Anatomy Test 3 > Diaphragm > Flashcards

Diaphragm Flashcards

1
Q

Diaphragm: Thin muscular and tendinous septum that separates
the thoracic cavity from the ___ cavity

A

abdominal

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2
Q

The diaphragm is pierced by structures
that pass between the thorax and
abdomen
* ______ – T8 – inferior vena
cava

A

Caval hiatus

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3
Q

3 hiatus that pierce the diaphragm

A

Caval, esophageal, aortic

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4
Q

The diaphragm is pierced by structures
that pass between the thorax and
abdomen–_______ hiatus – T10

A

Esophageal

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5
Q

The diaphragm is pierced by structures
that pass between the thorax and
abdomen–Aortic hiatus – ____ – aorta passes
behind the diaphragm

A

T12

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6
Q

The ___ of the
diaphragm are musculotendinous
bands that arise from the anterior
surface of L1-3/IVDs and the anterior
longitudinal ligamen

A

crura (singular, crus)

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7
Q

T/F: Right crus is smaller and shorter than the
left crus

A

F: Right crus is larger and longer

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8
Q

______ passes through the
right crus and helps to form a sling to
constrict esophagus

A

Esophageal hiatus

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9
Q
A
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10
Q

Esophageal hiatuspasses through the
right crus and helps to form a sling to
constrict ___

A

esophagus

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11
Q

____ ligament – unites the
crura and forms the aortic hiatus

A

Median arcuate

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12
Q

___arcuate ligament – thickening
of fascia (psoas major)

A

Medial

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13
Q

____ arcuate ligament – thickening
of fascia (quadratus lumborum)

A

Lateral

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14
Q

Innervation (somatic motor) to the diaphragm via:

A

phrenic
nerve (C3-C5)

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15
Q

Phrenic nerve also carries
_____ information (pain and
proprioception)

A

somatic sensory

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16
Q

Arterial Supply to diaphragm:

Superior surface:
pericardiacophrenic and
musculophrenic arteries (from
________.) and superior
phrenic arteries (from thoracic aorta)

A

internal thoracic a

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17
Q

(arterial supply) Inferior surface of diaphragm is:

A

inferior phrenic arteries (from abdominal aorta)

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18
Q

(Arterial Supply to diaphragm)

Superior surface:

A

pericardiacophrenic and
musculophrenic arteries and superior
phrenic arteries

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19
Q

(Diaphragm) Venous Drainage

  • Superior surface:
    pericardiacophrenic and
    musculophrenic veins drain into
    ____ veins; superior
    phrenic vein drain into ___ (right
    side)
A

Internal thoracic; IVC

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20
Q

(Diaphragm) Venous Drainage:
Inferior surface: right inferior phrenic
vein drain into ___ left inferior
phrenic drains into IVC and
___

A

IVC; suprarenal vein

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21
Q

In cross-section, the thoracic cavity
is ___-shaped from thoracic
vertebral column on posterior side

A

kidney

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22
Q

Thoracic Cavity is divided into 3 cavities:

A

Right, left pulmonary cavities, and central mediastinum

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23
Q

–
bilateral compartments containing
the lungs and pleurae (lining
membranes) and occupy a majority of
the thoracic cavity

A

Right and left pulmonary cavities

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24
Q

___________ – compartment
intervening between and completely
separating the two pulmonary
cavities, which contains essentially all
other thoracic structures (heart, great
vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus,
lymph nodes)

A

Central mediastinum

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25
Q

Each lung is invested by and enclosed
in a serous pleural sac that consists
of two continuous membranes – the
____

A

pleurae

26
Q

The _____ pleura covers the lungs and is
adherent to all its surfaces (creates
shiny outer surface); it cannot be
dissected from the lungs. Is
continuous with parietal pleura at
root of lung

A

visceral pleura (pulmonary
pleura)

27
Q

The _____ pleura lines the
pulmonary cavities, adhering to the
thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and
the diaphragm

A

parietal

28
Q

______ = potential space
between layers of pleura

A

Pleural cavity

29
Q

(Pleural cavity) Contains a small amount of ______, which lubricates the
pleural surfaces and allows layers
to slide smoothly over each other
during respiration

A

serous
pleural fluid

30
Q

Contains a small amount of serous
pleural fluid, which lubricates the
pleural surfaces and allows layers
to slide smoothly over each other
during respiration

A

Pleural cavity

31
Q

T/F: Parietal pleura is thinner
than visceral pleura

A

False: thicker

32
Q

T/F: During surgery and
dissection, the parietal
pleura can be removed

A

True (Visceral/Pulmonary pleura CANNOT be removed)

33
Q

lines
along which the parietal pleura
changes direction as it passes
(reflects) from one wall of the
pleural cavity to another

A

Lines of pleural reflection

34
Q

Pleura extends down further than
lowest point of lungs during
____

A

expiration

35
Q

3 examples of lines of pleural reflection

A

sternal, costal, vertebral

36
Q

T/F: The lungs usually completely fill the pleural cavity

A

False: The lungs do not usually completely fill the pleural cavity

37
Q

The peripheral diaphragmatic pleura is in contact with the lowermost parts of
the ____

A

costal pleura

38
Q

These potential spaces are called the ________, pleura-lined
“gutters”, which surround the upward convexity of the diaphragm inside the
thoracic wall

A

diaphragmatic recesses

39
Q

A procedure in which a needle is inserted into the pleural cavity to
remove fluid

A

Thoracentesis

40
Q

Thoracentesis: This excess fluid is known as a ______ –removal of this
fluid helps you breath easier

A

pleural effusion

41
Q

____ = hemothorax

A

Blood

42
Q

___ = empyema

A

Pus

43
Q

Thoracentesis: Where is the needle inserted?

A

Inferior portion of the intercostal space (bc fluids Will collect in the costodiaphragmatic recess)

44
Q

(Thoracentesis) Pleural effusion will collect in the ______

A

costodiaphragmatic recess

45
Q

Pneumothorax = ___in the pleural cavity

A

air

46
Q

Can be caused by a blunt or penetrating chest injury, certain medical
procedures, or damaged from underlying lung disease

A

Pneumothorax

47
Q

Closed pneumothorax is commonly from a pleural laceration caused by a
______ (thoracic wall not affected)

A

fractured rib

48
Q

Open pneumothorax is often from ___

A

gunshot wound

49
Q

_____ typically has tissue flap in chest wall that prevents air
from exiting during expiration

A

Tension pneumothorax

50
Q

T/F pneumothorax will cause lung to collapse

A

True

51
Q

Symptoms of _____ usually include sudden chest pain and shortness of breath

A

pneumothorax

52
Q

pneumothorax: Excess air can be removed by inserting a small flexible tube or needle
____ to remove the excess air

A

between ribs

53
Q

______: autonomic
pulmonary plexus

A

Visceral pleura

54
Q

The pulmonary plexuses contain
parasympathetic, sympathetic, and
visceral ____ fibers

A

afferent

55
Q

___pleura: supplied by nerves
which supply the structures they
cover

A

Parietal

56
Q

Innervation–Cervical pleura:

A

intercostal nerves

57
Q

Innervation–Costal pleura:

A

intercostal nerves

58
Q

Innervation– Diaphragmatic pleura: _____ (at periphery) and _____ (central tendon)

A

intercostal
nerves (at periphery) and phrenic
nerves (central tendon)

59
Q

Innervation–Mediastinal pleura: ____ nerves

A

phrenic

60
Q

4 parts of parietal pleura:

A

Mediastinal pleura, cervical pleura, costal pleura, diaphragmatic pleura

61
Q

Parts of Costodiaphragmatic Recesses:

A

Diaphragmatic part, costal part

Anatomy Test 3 (9 decks)

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