Lymphatics

Question 1

What is unique about circulation of the lymphatic system?

Answer 1

Closed with no pump

Question 2

What is lymph?

Answer 2

Interstitial fluid and protein (Lymphocytes) with a small amount of RBCs

Question 3

How is lymph prevented from flowing back into lymphatic capillaries?

Answer 3

Luminal valves

Question 4

What are the two primary lymphoid organs?

Answer 4

Thyroid, Bursa of Fabricius

Question 5

What are secondary lymphoid organs/tissues?

Answer 5

Lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen, MALT, GALT

Question 6

What are the three main functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 6

Fluid recovery (Preventing edema), lipid absorption, WBC transport

Question 7

Where does lymph picked up on the RIGHT side of the body drain?

Answer 7

Right lymphatic duct, right subclavian vein and then back into circulation

Question 8

Where does lymph picked up on the LEFT side of the body drain?

Answer 8

Thoracic duct, left subclavian vein and then back into circulation

Question 9

How is lymph moved throughout the body?

Answer 9

Breathing, skeletal muscle contraction, smooth muscle contraction in lymphatic vessel walls

Question 10

Name the six locations of lymph nodes on a dog.

Answer 10

Parotid, submandibular, prescapular, axial, inguinal, and popliteal

Question 11

What type of cell is produced in the thyroid gland?

Answer 11

T lymphocytes (T cells)

Question 12

What are the cells of the thymus called?

Answer 12

Thymocytes

Question 13

T-cells mature as they move from which part of the thymus to which other part of the thymus?

Answer 13

Mature as they move from the cortex to the medulla

Question 14

What do thymus-epithelial reticular cells do?

Answer 14

Aid in maturation of T cells and produce cytokines

Question 15

Where are Hassall’s corpuscles found?

Answer 15

In the medulla of the the thymus gland

Question 16

What is produced in the Bursa of Fabricius?

Answer 16

B cell precursors and immature B cells

Question 17

What are GALT, BALT, MALT, and NALT?

Answer 17

Lymphoid tissue associated with the gut, bronchus, mucosal tissue, and nasal tissue, all secondary lymphoid tissues

Question 18

Where in the lymph node are lymphocytes kept?

Answer 18

B cells: Germinal centers of follicles

T cells: Paracortical zone (Outside follicle)

Question 19

How are lymph nodes supplied with blood?

Answer 19

Arterioles that enter at the hilus, high endothelial vessels

Question 20

What is special about a pig’s lymph nodes?

Answer 20

The cortex and medulla are inverted

Question 21

What aquatic bird species have lymph nodes?

Answer 21

Ducks, geese

Question 22

What are the components of splenic white pulp?

Answer 22

Germinal center (With B cells), lymphoid follicle, periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (With T cells), mantle zone, perifollicular/perilymphoid red pulp

Question 23

What are the components of splenic red pulp?

Answer 23

Splenic sinuses, splenic cords, and reticulin fibers

Question 24

If Peyer’s patches are seen, what section of the intestines is being looked at?

Answer 24

The ileum

Question 25

What blind-ended tubular sac also contains lymphoid follicles similar to the ileum?

Answer 25

The appendix, contains mostly B cells but some T cells