Lymphatic 2 Flashcards
External respiration
Internal respiration
External respiration-•exchange of O2 and CO2 between interstitial fluids and the environment, designed to meet the respiratory demands of the cells
•Internal respiration = absorption of O2 and the release of CO2 by those cells
- 1 during resting respiration inspiration is done by what?
2. 2 during resting respiration expiration is done by what?
- 1 The diaphragm
2. 2 Passive recoil of ribcage
- 1 during active respiration inspiration is done by what?
3. 2 during active respiration expiration is done by what?
- 1 diaphragm,neck, and pectoral muscles
3. 2 ribcage, and Abdominal wall
What are the steps of external respiration?
Pulmonary ventilation
Gas diffusion
Transport of gases
Boyle’s law
Henry’s law?
What is Dalton’s law?
1 As volume increases pressure decreases
- Diffusion of gas molecules between air and fluid is also proportional to the partial pressure of that gas (Henry’s Law)
- Dalton’s law- Atmospheric pressure is the sum of the partial pressures of all gases present
What factors effect compliance?
Connective tissue in lungs
alveolar collapse
Thoracic immobility
Where is pulmonary pressure ?
what is Plural pressure caused by?
In the lung
the battle between elastic fibers of the lung tissue (wanting to contract) and the fluid bond between the visceral and parietal pleura
7.6 Plural pressure averages about -4mm hg and has a maximum of?
18mm Hg
7.7 Pleural pressure is always considered ______ because it’s always lower than atmospheric
Negative
5.6 What is intrapulmonary pressure?
The pressure inside the lungs during inspiration when the pressure is negative
1 What is the average respiratory rate of a healthy adult male?
Between 12 -18 (Breaths per minute)
3 What is tidal volume?
4 What is respiratory minute volume?
3 The volume of air inspired or expired in a single breath
4 Total volume of air moved each minute
7 What is residual volume?
Air left in lungs
8 What is minimal volume?
Air left if lungs where to collapse (anatomical dead space)
9 What is functional residual capacity?
air remaining in the lungs following a resting expiration
- What is vital capacity for males and females?
•Vital capacity = maximum volume of air for a single respiratory cycle (4800 ml for males, 3700 ml for females)
- What is total lung capacity for males and females?
•Total lung capacity = total volume of lungs (6000 ml for males, 4200 ml for females)
How many layers thick is the respiratory membrane?
2
16 where does oxygen flow in the pulmonary capillary? In or out?
Pulmonary capillary- oxygen flows in carbon dioxide flows out(external respiration)
17 where does oxygen flow in the systemic capillary? In or out?
Systemic capillary- oxygen flows out carbon dioxide flows in (internal respiration)
18.5 How many O2 molecules can each Hemoglobin carry?
4
18.6 What is oxyHemoglobin formation (saturation) affected by?
Partial pressure of O2
pH: acidic pH changes shape of Hb molecule, causing it to release oxygen more readily
Temperature: elevation causes reduced saturation
Metabolic activity of the RBC: elevation also causes reduced saturation
20 How is CO2 transported in the blood stream?
- Conversion to carbonic acid
- Bound to hemoglobin in RBCs
- Dissolved in plasma
